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Family members in the classroom can be a great way to allow the community to be involved in the lessons that you teach. Additionally, the families can discuss their cultural background if they feel comfortable with sharing. Also the teacher can work with the parent and find an activity for the parent and the class to do together that ties in with what they are talking about. This can also build a positive relationship with the parents and the teacher. This can also help ELL students because they are able to see that their culture is apart of who they are and not something they should be ashamed of. These students can even invite their parents into the classroom which is a fun and exciting thi ng when you get to show your family off to the class. This can help build a positive relationship with the students as well. I want to implement this into my classroom so my students are exposed to the different cultures and people around their areas. Also I feel that it shows that people are not the same even if they are the same ethnicity. Families have different traditions and different beliefs. I find this to be a positive thing to bring into my classroom. Additionally. this will allow me to build a closer bond with the families in my classroom.

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Culturally relevant library is a great tool to implement into the classroom. It provides a diverse set of books so the students are able to see themselves in a book. Personally, I feel there's nothing more powerful than being able to relate to something that you read. Additionally this exposure can help students see their are different perspective than the ones in their own culture group. This strategy can be helpful for students who are ELL students because they are able to relate to a book. Typically textbooks don't represent culture outside of the US until you get to the college level in my experience. The ELL students should feel like they are represented in the classroom. Also it helps these students not feel like the outcasts of the group. I would love to implement this into my classroom in order to develop a more inclusive environment. Every student deserves to see themselves in a look. I feel this strategy can also build trust between me and my students who are of a different background than me. These students are able to see that I care about where they came from and I'm showing the others that being different can be an amazing thing. this can also help the students relate to the students who are apart of the ELL community and struggle to communicate. I want to build a positive and supportive environment for my students.

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Multilingual labeling is beneficial strategy to use on the classroom. It creates exposure to the two languages exposed. Additionally, this is beneficial for students in the ELL programs because then they are able to read their first language. But they are also able to see the English translation that they are currently trying to read. This helps create exposure to English and the other language provided. For example in the picture below they used Spanish and English on the Bulletin board to show that their classroom has a diverse set up. Additionally shows that the classroom is open to providing possible translanguaging. This can be helpful at student teacher conferences and the community seeing the effort the teacher is putting in to show that they care about their students. I would use this in my classroom for hallway passes, pencil box, book, and even on the class schedule. I think it's important to also expose the students whose first language is english to other languages. This is because learning new languages is learning a new way to communicate. Their is nothing wrong with gaining some tools into your mental tool box.

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Contrastive analysis is a strategy where student will identify and recognize the difference and similarities between two languages. In the powerpoint it discussed these trends with English and Ebonics. This can be extremely useful for the students who are ELL students and even the rest of the students to recognize the patterns in the words that are being presented is both languages. Additionally if we teach students this strategy then they will be adding a tool to their mental toolbox and may be able to communicate with their peers better. I would implement this strategy into my classroom by allowing my students to participate in a read along in poetry from the slaves during the civil war for example. Then ask my students what the author was trying to say. Some students may be confused while reading so I would have the class participate in decoding the text in order to have a full understanding of the text. I think this would be great idea to implement in the high school setting and introduce that Ebonics is its language. I think its important to teach the youth about the different cultural differences their aree because the more that they are exposed to it, the better the world is going to be.

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Syntax surgery is when you are taking apart the sentences and piecing them back together. this is helpful for ELL students because they can see the different parts of the sentences and try to piece it together. Additionally this strategy allows for a visual process of sentence structure. The teachers can write words out on different pieces of paper and have the students form a sentence. This is good for students to recognize the nouns, adjective, and verbs of the sentences. Additionally having students do this activity in pairs allows the students to  collaborate on what they believe the correct structure is. i want to implement this strategy in my classroom. Personally I never thought of using this kind of strategy. i think it's a wonderful way for students to learn/ practice forming sentences. Also the ELL students in my classroom can get their own flashcards of the sentences practiced in class to help them practice this skill. It's an easy activity for parents to do with their child.

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Close reading is a strategy that enhances the meaning behind the story or in other words the comprehension of main ideas portrayed throughout the story. Close reading can =be exemplified through a lesson with a short text of reading rather than an three page reading. Additionally this strategy highlights the importance of understanding why the author structures t he reading the way they do. Why did the author use a certain word to describe a character? This is more based on standards that just simply comprehension questions. You're finding the deeper meaning of the text. One way ELL students could benefit from this strategy is being able to connect the reading to something they may have prior knowledge about. Based off of this the students will then be able to see how they can make predictions of why the author made a character sad or mad. I would potentially implement this if I taught an older group. I would model what questions the students should be pondering. Additionally if students are struggling then they shouldn't be afraid to lean on their peers for hep or raise their hand and ask me a question.

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Story reenactment involved allowing the students to act out at they have read by creating their own scripts and prompts to demonstrate their comprehension skills. This is very similar to vocabulary roleplay except it's acting out a story to show comprehension. This can be helpful for the ELL students because they are able to act out with their peers the story to help demonstrate a better understanding of the story. Additionally the ELL students if they are struggling with comprehending english they are able to watch others act out the stories and have a visual to go with the words to help build the comprehension aspect. Also I believe that adding in hand made props with acting out the story builds an element of play which students need a little bit of fun in their lives. Personally I never was a fan of acting out scripts however los of students like to get up and act out the stories. They are also able to express their creative sides with acting out a story.

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TPR stands for Total Physical Response. For example from the video,  if the classroom is trying to learning shapes, the teacher could give each student a pile of shapes. The teacher can instruct the students to put the shape on their head. This strategy is good because it allows the students to use their body and involve it in the learning process. additionally this is extremely useful for ELL students because they are able to hear the word and interpret an object with the word as well as perform an action with the other known information. it;'s a great way to ensure that all the students are on the same page. Additionally all the students will be moving so the ELL students won't feel like they are many steps behind their peers.
I want to implement this strategy in my classroom. I would change the shape lesson into finding the shape that is posted around the classroom. Additionally using the color of their clothing. For example. If you are wear jeans today please walk to the orange rectangle.

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Learning centers are a great way to get all the students involved in working  in groups. Additionally you can make the learning centers base on the concepts that you are currently teaching or visiting past ideas. It's a way to implement several different ways of knowledge.such as math and language art in one time period. it takes a lot of time to implement the instructions needed for each station and the transition time in between stations. This can help ELL students because they will be able to work in groups with students and possibly one teacher to develop the main ideas of the station. Additionally they are able to ask questions to their peers to help figure out what they don't understand. i love the idea of learning centers because it gets the students moving up and out of their seat. additionally allows the students to work on different skills throughout the time period dedicated to the learning centers. basically they are able to apply what they know. I want to implement this strategy into my classroom one day.

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Modeled talk is when the teacher walks the students step by step through what the students are supposed to do. This strategy is supposed to help reduce student anxiety of not knowing what is expected of them.One of the common examples of this strategy is walking the students how to do a craft. For example, in my classroom I would want my students to be able to know how to make a story book out of a few sheets of paper. I would model how to fold the piece of paper "hamburger style". this strategy can be helpful for student who are ELL students. this is because the students in the classroom will see the modeled talk buy the teacher. thus showing their peers how the teacher showed them how to do it. this provides safety in asking questions if the students missed a step. i would encourage students in my classroom to ask their neighbor for help or make sure that they are understanding which way to fold the paper. the communication between peers and teacher and students is what I want to be able to incorporate into my classroom. Simply because it helps relieve those anxious tendencies.

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Vocabulary Role Play emphasizes the importance of understanding vocabulary. It's more than just the definition and memorizing word. Role play aspect of the definition allows the student to act out what the word is in order to be able to gain a better association with the word. This is especially helpful for students who are in the ELL Programs. These students are at different comprehension level however this will begin to help students understand the vocabulary. The ELL students will be able to see an interpretation of the vocabulary word instead of memorizing what the vocabulary word is and means. I will implement this skill in my classroom once every two weeks. At the beginning of these two weeks I will allow students to work in groups in order to compile an act using the vocabulary words for the week.

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Manipulatives can easily be used to help give a visual of the lesson that is being taught. It can be something like cubes or blocks representing the number of something in math class for instance. This is great for ELL students because it can help give a visual aid. Additionally it can be helpful especially in math because it can be difficult to add if you don't know the language it is being taught in. I would have my students use dice and cubes when solving problems in groups to help explain thier answers.

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Predictable routines are crucial in the sense that teachers are able to create a nurturing and safe environment for their students. Additionally, having a routine can help prevent students from getting anxiety of how here day is going. Some students thrive on structure. I'm definitely going to put this is place in my classroom because I am very structured oriented and need to compensate for my personal anxiety in a way. However students in the ELL program will benefit from having predictable routines to add some ease into their day. THey might be struggling in understanding our language but at least they know when lunch and recess are at. Simple little victories are very important.

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Graphic organizers are a useful tool to teach students how to incorporate the information they are taking in and put it down on paper. As the title of the strategy suggests it's a way for student to keep their information organized. There would need to be some teacher modeling involved when using graphic organizers. Especially if there are students in the room where English is not their first language. These students need to know a few key words like say they are looking up a spelling word. Then the word definition need to be defined. Additionally the teacher could provide the titles for each section and instructions in the student's first language. This shows a bit of adding into a culturally diverse classroom that is discussed in this years textbook by Nash et. al.

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Cooperative learning is where the students are working together to reach a common goal. Additionally it is a crucial skill to show and exemplify at the beginning of the year so students know how to work in group effectively. This can be accomplished through teaching modeling. This can help ELL students because if they are able to work in groups and they aren't strong in academic language. Then the group can help develop a better understanding for these students. I want to implement this is my classroom early on.
I think it' an important skill for  students to learn how to work together  in an effective matter.

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Herrell, A. L., & Jordan, M. (2008). 50 Strategies for Teaching English language learners. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall.

Nash, K. A., Glover, C. P., & Polson, B. (2020). Toward culturally sustaining teaching early childhood educators honor children with practices for equity and change. New York, NY: Routledge.