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Discuss the Therapeutic Index and possible side effects used by these drugs.

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Describe the five basic categories of mechanisms used by antimicrobial drugs

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Explain what is meant by selective toxicity.

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https://quizlet.com/22029377/microbiology-chapter-20-antimicrobial-drugs-flash-cards/

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The goal is to interfere with the metabolism or structure of an organism to the point that it can no longer survive or reproduce.

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The goal is to interfere with the metabolism or structure of an organism to a point that it can no longer survive or reproduce.

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Selective toxicity means that a chemical produces injury to one kind of living matter without harming another form of life even though the two may exist in intimate contact.

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Therapeutic index is an assessment of the risks and benefits of a drug. Side effects include diarrhea, UTI's, yeast infections, irregular heartbeat and cardiac arrest.

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The goal of antimicrobial drugs is to interfere or disrupt the structures of an organism so that it can't survive or reproduce.

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They interfere with the life cycle of organisms and alter it. They do this by binding to the target  thus altering the normal function of the bacterium.

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The five basic categories of mechanisms used by antimicrobial drugs are:
1.Cell wall synthesis inhibition

2.Protein synthesis inhibition

3.Nucleic acid synthesis inhibition

4.Cell membrane disruption

5.Metabolic antagonism/disruption

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Erica-the goal is to kill or inhibit bacterial growth where the infection occurs. 

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Erica-the goal is to kill or inhibit bacterial growth where the infection occurs. 

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Change in membrane permeability - allows changes in proteins of the plasma membrane to interfere with the transport mechanism which may prevent some antibiotics from crossing the membrane to enter the cell;
Increased drug elimination - protein pumps are encoded in plasmids or chromosomes and are capable of removing a variety of antimicrobial drugs, detergents and other substances toxic to the microbe;
Change in the target (receptor) of the agent - Microbes can avoid attack by antimicrobials by altering the drug target.
Change in a metabolic pathway - Microbes can develop an alternative metabolic pathway or enzyme that allows the bypassing of a metabolic reaction that could be inhibited by an antibiotic;
Change in a previously inhibited enzyme - Modifying an enzyme may prevent a reaction or series of reactions in a bacterial cell.

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Antimicrobial medications work by inhibiting growth, or destroy bacteria

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The goal of any antimicrobial agent is to interfere with the metabolism or structure of any organism to a point that is can no longer survive or reproduce

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Erica-Therapeutic index is the level of safety between the therapeutic dose vs the toxic dose. 

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Erica-Therapeutic index is the level of safety between the therapeutic dose vs the toxic dose. 

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to interfere with the metabolism or structure of any organism so it cannot siervive

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Therapeutic index is the measurement of safety level of a drug. Side effects of the use of antimicrobial medications include yeast infections due to an inbalancce in the ph and natural flora.

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Therapeutic index is the margin of safety that exists between the dose of a drug that produces the desired effect and the dose that produces unwanted side effects

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Therapeutic index is the level of a drugs therapeutic and toxic levels

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Erica-There is the inhibition of cell wall synthesis-this is where peptidoglycan a tough type of structure bacteria has which protects the cells. Inhibition of protein synthesis-the translation of mRNA is disrupted in this process. Inhibition of Nucleic Synthesis-

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Erica-There is the inhibition of cell wall synthesis-this is where peptidoglycan a tough type of structure bacteria has which protects the cells. Inhibition of protein synthesis-the translation of mRNA is disrupted in this process. Inhibition of Nucleic Synthesis-

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An agent is toxic to the target microorganism but less toxic to cells of the host.

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the goal is to interfere with the metabolism or structure of an organism so it can no longer survive or reproduce

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1. Cell wall synthesis-
2.Protein synthesis-
3/4. RNA and DNA synthesis
5.intermediary metabolism

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Therapeutic index is the safety level of the drug. Side effects would include; diarrhea (most common), UTI's, yeast infections, or cardiac complications.

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Inhibition of cell wall synthesis, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, distribution of plasma membrane, inhibition of metabolic pathways

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Selective toxicity is when a drug will kill a harmful microorganism without significant damage to the host.

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an ideal antimicrobial drug will kill harmful microorganisms, without significant damage to the host.

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theraputic index is the dosage that is safe and causes therapuetic effects vs undesirable effects.

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The general goal of antimicrobial drug action is to eradicate microbes at the site of an infection.

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Paula                              spectrum of action, its selective toxicity, whether is microbicidal rather than microbiostatic, how readily and easy may be deliver to the site of infection

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Paula                              spectrum of action, its selective toxicity, whether is microbicidal rather than microbiostatic, how readily and easy may be deliver to the site of infection

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Selective toxicity refers to antimicrobials that are harmful to the microbe without causing harm to the host.

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The five basic categories are
Cell wall synthesis inhibition
Protein synthesis inhibition
Nucleic acid synthesis inhibition
Cell membrane disruption
Metabolic antagonism/disruption

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cell wall synthesis inhibition
protein sythesis inhibition
nucleic acid synthesis inhibition
cell membrane disruption
metabolic antagonism/disruption

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The 5 basic categories of mechanisms used by antimicrobial drugs are; cell wall synthesis inhibition, protein synthesis inhibition, nucleic acid synthesis inhibition, cell membrane disruption, and metabolic disruption.

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the goal is to interfere with the metabolism or structure of an organism

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selective toxicity refers to antimicrobials that are harmful to the microbe without causing harm to the host.

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drugs harm the microbe without causing significant damage to the host

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Erica-the ability of the antimicrobial drug to harm the microbe without harming the host. 

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Erica-the ability of the antimicrobial drug to harm the microbe without harming the host. 