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Waterlogging of soils can destroy the soil by being overloaded with water limiting the amount of oxygen in the soil

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Dams disrupts the areas of feeding & breeding for fish, which might decrease fish population.
-example salmon

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sediments "hungry"
increased erosion
-lack of sediment in water means lack of phosphorus which is needed for plants

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Leads to water logged soil below the reservoir and takes away this water from the people to drink
-natural plants and animals also have less water

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wipes out habitat areas, decrease # of organisms that can be supported

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Creating a dam can stop the flow of water and can make the dam a disruption of the ecosystem. Also, south of the dam, droughts can occur.
-potential flooding downstream
-colder water flows downstream impacting fish populations

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Plant growth & animal life is affected because they may be out of their range of tolerance
-decreases plant growth

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results in decreased dissolved oxygen, exposes riverbanks soil to erosion
-water temps rise
-lower the water table, saltwater intrusion, land subsidence

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Too much water is used to irrigate which causes fields to become waterlogged. The water evaporates and leaves behind salt, which washes back into the river. Increased salinity causes excessive chloride ions to appear in the water.
-populations decline b/c of a degraded quality of habitat

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This kills the native species, disrupting the ecosystem

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This reduces biodiversity and takes away food resources away from people.
-carbon dioxide released during construction
-methane released from reservoir

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The dam cuts off range of fish and destroys their habitat, causing fish to die.
-habitats in surrounding areas are destroyed decreasing biodiversity

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Birds require resources like food and water from the waterway, so damming the waterway stops the flow of water, stopping birds from getting their necessary food and water resources
-plover (example)

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The dam blocks the sediment from flowing downstream;  the sediment builds up behind the dam
-plant growth is limited due to lack of nutrients. Impacts the entire food web/chain.

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The flow is halted by the dam and the water is available for human over consumption affects and water is stagnate, algae growth, DO decreases, & water temp increases