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Post #10: Critical Thinking Process Responses (word document)

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Post #10: Critical Thinking Process Responses (word document)

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Definition: This is the belief that certain occurrences have been caused by invisible agents, and contain meaning.
(Ex. God, aliens, ghosts)

Connection: Many people think that crop circles are caused when UFOs land in a farmer's field.

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Definition: This belief relates back to what we do and do  not know. Our minds tend to search for answers to things that cannot be explained.

Connection: The Bermuda Triangle is one of the world's most interesting secrets. So many people and things have gone missing in this area, so we automatically look for reasons behind them, even if the disappearances go unexplained.

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Hey homies! Today we have talking Bermuda Triangle conspiracy theories! It's for a long time now been an unvolved mystery that has fasinated me! What do you think happens in the Bermuda Triangle? UFOS? Methane? Time Warps? Scientific Explantation? Let me know! Click here to subscribe!

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Definition: This is the belief that it is a natural occurrence for our minds to create meaningful patterns and shapes in the things that we see, even when they cease to exist.

Connection: Patternicity tricks the eye into thinking that there is a face in each half of the pepper, rather than focusing on the fact that it was coincidentally cut this way.

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Definition: This red flag is most often related to alternative medical theories that derive from ancient ancient knowledge and practices. This thought is that the ways of the past are superior tho modern-day science.

Connection: This article shows the red flag, Ancient Wisdom, by referencing the old method of a tobacco smoke enema. People used to think that this was a good way to treat illnesses until they started to notice its affect on the human body.

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When someone is "blowing smoke up your arse" today, it is a figure of speech that means that one person is complimenting another, insincerely most of the time, in order to inflate the ego of the individual being flattered.

Back in the late 1700s, however, doctors literally blew smoke up people's rectums. Believe it or not, it was a general mainstream medical procedure used to, among many other things, resuscitate people who were otherwise presumed dead. In fact, it was such a commonly used resuscitation method for drowning victims particularly, that the equipment used in this procedure was hung alongside certain major waterways, such as along the River Thames (equipment courtesy of the Royal Humane Society). People frequenting waterways were expected to know the location of this equipment similar to modern times concerning the location of defibrillators.

Smoke was blown up the rectum by inserting a tube. This tube was connected to a fumigator and a bellows which when compressed forced smoke into the rectum. Sometimes a more direct route to the lungs was taken by forcing the smoke into the nose and mouth, but most physicians felt the rectal method was more effective. The nicotine in the tobacco was thought to stimulate the heart to beat stronger and faster, thus encouraging respiration. The smoke was also thought to warm the victim and dry out the person's insides, removing excessive moisture.

So how did this all get started? The Native Americans were known to have used tobacco in a variety of ways, including treating various medical ailments, and the European doctors soon picked up on this and began advocating it for treatments for everything from headaches to cancer.

In 1745, Richard Mead was among the first known Westerners to suggest that administering tobacco via an enema was an effective way to resuscitate drowning victims.

By 1774, Doctors William Hawes and Thomas Cogan, who practiced medicine in London, formed The Institution for Affording Immediate Relief to Persons Apparently Dead From Drowning. This group later became the Royal Humane Society. Back in the 18th century, the society promoted the resuscitation of drowning people by paying four guineas (about £450 today by purchasing power, or $756) to anyone who was able to successfully revive a drowning victim.

Volunteers within the society soon began using the latest and greatest method of reviving such half-drowned individuals, via tobacco smoke enemas. Artificial respiration was used if the tobacco enema did not successfully revive them. In order that people could easily remember what to do in these cases, in 1774 Dr. Houlston published a helpful little rhyme:

Tobacco glyster (enema), breathe and bleed.
Keep warm and rub till you succeed.
And spare no pains for what you do;
May one day be repaid to you.

The practice of using tobacco smoke enemas on drowning victims quickly spread as a popular way to introduce tobacco into the body to treat an array of other medical conditions including: headaches, hernias, respiratory ailments and abdominal cramps, among many other things. Tobacco enemas were even used to treat typhoid fever and during cholera outbreaks when patients were in the final stages of the illnesses.

In their most rudimentary form, tobacco smoke enemas were not always administered with the aide of bellows. Originally, the smoke was blown up the victim's rectum with whatever was handy, such as a smoking pipe. Of course, such close contact wasn't ideal and if the rescuer accidentally inhaled instead of blew, let's just say things that one should not aspirate could be inhaled. If the person jerked around, mouth contact was also a risk, even more risky considering the person being administered too was sometimes diseased.

In fact, one of the earliest documented references of using such a tobacco enema to resuscitate someone came from someone using a smoking pipe in 1746. In this case, the man's wife had nearly drowned and was unconscious. It was suggested that an emergency tobacco enema might revive her, at which point the husband of the woman took a pipe filled with burning tobacco, shoved the stem into his wife's rectum and then covered the other end of the pipe with his mouth and blew. As one would imagine, hot embers of tobacco being blown up her rectum had the intended effect and she was, indeed, revived.

This practice quickly spread, reaching its peak in the early 19th century before, in 1811, English scientist Ben Brodie via animal testing discovered that nicotine was toxic to the cardiac system. Over the next several decades, the popularity of literally "blowing smoke up someone's arse" gradually became a thing of the past. Figuratively, though, this practice is still alive and well.

If you liked this article, you might also enjoy our new popular podcast, The BrainFood Show ( iTunes, Spotify, Google Play Music, Feed), as well as:

Bonus Facts:

Besides smoke enemas, another relatively popular way to administer tobacco to the body was via a water mixture enema. In one account, this included administering a liquid tobacco enema, along with a chicken broth enema to a patient.

There are records of both Native Americans, such as the Catawba, and Europeans using tobacco smoke enemas to treat constipated horses.

Turpentine has been used medicinally since ancient times, mainly in topical home remedies, although it was sometimes used internally. Topically it has been used to treat abrasions, hemorrhoids and to treat lice infestations. When mixed with animal fat, it has been used as a chest rub or inhaler.

Bloodletting was used in mainstream medicine up until the late 19th century in some parts of the world. It was the most common medical procedure for almost 2000 years. Bloodletting is the withdrawal of often small quantities of blood from a patient to cure or prevent illness or disease. In the overwhelming majority of cases, bloodletting was historically harmful to patients, though because of loss of blood could in some cases temporarily make them feel euphoric, and, thus, better.

Trepanning involved boring a small hole into the skull to expose the dura mater (the outer membrane of the brain). This practice was believed to alleviate pressure and to treat health problems localized within the head. It was thought to cure epilepsy, migraines, and mental disorders and was a common "fix" for physical problems such as skull fractures. Needless to say, such internal exposure to airborne germs would often be fatal.

Speed was critical in an era before widespread anesthesia. Top surgeons like Robert Liston could amputate a limb in under a minute. In 1847, Liston was even recorded as having removed a 45 pound scrotal tumor in four minutes flat.

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When Doctors Literally "Blew Smoke Up Your Arse"

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When someone is "blowing smoke up your arse" today, it is a figure of speech that means that one person is complimenting another, insincerely most of the time, in order to inflate the ego of the individual being flattered.

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Definition: This red flag is irrelevant information that distracts from the bigger picture.

Connection: As you'll see in most of his interviews, Donald Trump is a great example of the Red Herring red flag. He is known for avoiding questions and giving pointless information to distracts from his lack of knowledge.

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Embarrassing Trump Audio Exposes Him as Totally Clueless

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Donald Trump's discussion with the Washington Post exposes just how clueless he is https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-partisan/wp/2016/03/21/a-transcript-of-donald-trumps-meeting-with-the-washington-post-editorial-board/ On the Bonus Show: Anonymous proves a point, 24 dead from bad alcohol in Pakistan, creepy robot agrees to destroy all humans, more... Support TDPS by clicking (bookmark it too!)

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Post #4: Suppression by Authority (video

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Post #4: Suppression by Authority (video

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Definition: This red flag is the belief that authorities suppress information from the general public in order to profit from it in some way, shape, or form. (Ex. money)

Connection: This video demonstrates the Suppression by Authority red flag by showing that there are many leads in a cure for cancer, but suggesting that the government may be hiding them in order to make money from chemo therapy.

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Has The Cure For Cancer Been Suppressed?

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Although cancer remains one of the world's biggest killers, pharmaceutical companies are able to generate billions of dollars selling expensive cancer treatments. With profits to be made in keeping people sick, has the cure for cancer been suppressed? Music = We Attack At Dawn by Luke Richards Don't forget to Subscribe for more Conspiracies!

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Definition: This red flag focuses on the fact that people remember events that match their beliefs and ignore the ones that don't. Even subconsciously, we like to think that our ideas are right and this can be one of the hardest things to overcome.

Connection: People who use tarot cards are an example of Confirmation Bias because they are prone to hearing the information that corresponds with their life and ignoring the things that do not relate to them whatsoever.

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Definition: This red flag is about distractions that point to the size and impressiveness of a claim, rather than the truth of it. An example of this are celebrity endorsements.

Connection: This article demonstrates the Appeal to Authority red flag because it showcases Kylie Jenner's tweet and its impact on millions of fans, celebrities, and theorists. This conversation surfaced a topic that not many people had been talking about, and because of her, the views of many fans have been changed.

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The baby of the Kardashian clan is beginning to find her voice and she wants to talk about... chemtrails.

Kylie Jenner, 17, is seriously disturbed about the white trails coming from the planes she often travels on - like the personal family jet she and her siblings took on a ski trip to Montana on the last episode of Keeping Up With The Kardashians.

She seems to have bought into the chemtrail conspiracy theory.

So she posted this alert (likely from another source) to her nine million Twitter followers: "Let's ask ourselves ... Why did I see 75 planes spraying white stuff on my 15-minute drive to work? Who pays for this and why is it happening? Is something being exterminated here? Is that something me?

"Does this have anything to do with why Honey Bee's are Dying off really fast. Why are some days normal with no planes spraying and others look like this? Whos is responcible? What effect will this have on our health and our childrens future? WHO THE F#*% THOUGHT THIS WAS A GOOD IDEA? Am I the only one who sees this? [sic]"

No one's saying that jet pollution is a good thing, but most environmentalists don't subscribe to the long-standing American conspiracy theory about chemtrails that seems to have captured the imagination of the young lip-plumping philosopher, notes Buzzfeed.

Chemtrail conspiracy buffs believe the white streaks that seem to be coming from jets are actually infused with chemicals from the US government, maybe to control the weather, but probably much worse.

The conspiracy infection dates to a 1996 Air Force university report: Weather as a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather in 2025.

Most others see the white trails, known as contrails, as essentially water vapour from the planes. You see them "for the same reason you can sometimes see your breath", according to The Scientific American.

"The water vapour contained in the jet exhaust condenses and may freeze, and this mixing process forms a cloud very similar to the one your hot breath makes on a cold day."

To clarify things, comedian Rob Fee tweeted that he'd pay $25,000 (£16,000) to hear a TED talk from Jenner on chemtrails. The girl is game. "I'd do it," she tweeted back. "Ctrails to me are the easiest of all the things going on in the world for my followers to understand."

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Baby Kardashian Kylie Jenner stumbles on to chemtrail conspiracy on Twitter

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The baby of the Kardashian clan is beginning to find her voice and she wants to talk about... chemtrails. Kylie Jenner, 17, is seriously disturbed about the white trails coming from the planes she often travels on - like the personal family jet she and her siblings took on a ski trip to Montana on the last episode of Keeping Up With The Kardashians.

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Created by Nicole Keiwan, working individually.