# data[].attributes.body
HIV originated in non-human primates (chimps) in Central Africa. The chimps transferred the disease to humans in the 1920s. It was most likely transferred to humans because the chimps were carrying a disease called SIV (Simian Immunodeficiency Virus), so when the native people hunted and ate the chimps, the disease was transferred to them and mutated into HIV. The SIV virus is connected to the HIV in many ways. One of the ways they are connected is that they are both a type of lentivirus, which means that they both attack the immune system. Also, HIV-1 is very closely related to the type of SIV found in chimpanzees, and HIV-2 is very closely related to the type of SIV found in sooty mangabeys (a type of Old World monkey found in forests from Senegal on the coast down to Ghana). The first recorded case of HIV was is a blood test taken from a man living in what is now called Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1959. There were many other cases of deaths caused by the same symptoms, but this was the first time that there was proof of infection in a blood sample.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Currently, there is no vaccine for the HIV virus. However, many scientists believe that creating a safe and effective vaccine for the harmful virus is a possibility. These scientists are working very hard are are very close to creating the vaccine.
2. Another interesting connection to HIV is the story of Magic Johnson, a former NBA basketball player. When the basketball star announced that he was HIV positive in 1991, the disease was believed to be a "gay disease" that heterosexuals do not need to worry about. He is one of the reasons that people stopped believing in this stereotype. There were many debates in the NBA about whether he should play in basketball games or not due to the disease. There were many ways he could have spread the virus, such as through his  sweat, spit, etc. When he contracted the virus, he retired shortly, but then returned to the game. He officially retired 1996 at the age of 40.

# data[].attributes.body
How HIV Infects a Cell

http://www.ipmglobal.org/how-hiv-infects-cell

The History of HIV and AIDS in the United States

http://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/history

History of HIV and AIDS overview

http://www.avert.org/professionals/history-hiv-aids/overview

HIV strains and types

http://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-science/types-strains

25 Surprising Facts About HIV

http://www.astroglide.com/blog/25-surprising-facts-about-hiv/

10 Most Interesting Facts About HIV/AIDS

http://listverse.com/2013/06/22/ten-notable-facts-about-hivaids/

The Gag, Pol and Env Proteins

https://web.stanford.edu/group/nolan/_OldWebsite/tutorials/ret_3_maj_prot.html

Structure and genome of HIV

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_and_genome_of_HIV

HIV structure

http://www.itg.be/internet/e-learning/written_lecture_eng/1_hiv_structure.html

HIV strains and types

http://www.avert.org/professionals/hiv-science/types-strains

Subtypes of HIV

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtypes_of_HIV

Virus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus

HIV

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV
Vaccines

https://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/prevention/prevention-research/vaccines/
Magic Johnson

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_Johnson
Origin of HIV & AIDS

http://www.avert.org/professionals/history-hiv-aids/origin

# data[].attributes.body
Symptoms of the HIV virus include pain in the abdomen, dry cough, loss of appetite, fatigue, sweating, fever, nausea, diarrhea, ulcers, vomiting, sores and/or swelling in the groin, etc. Other common side effects include unintentional and severe weight loss, pneumonia, skin rashes, and severe headaches.

# data[].attributes.body
When the HIV virus attacks a cell, its first step is to attach and fuse itself to the host cell. Then, the viruses RNA is transformed into DNA and the virus uses the cell to duplicate itself using a process known as reverse transcription. Then, the duplicate HIV viruses continue to spread themselves to other healthy cell.

# data[].attributes.body
The HIV virus uses the enzyme reverse transcriptase to make copies of DNA/RNA and protein.

# data[].attributes.body
Strain: Group M, N, O, and P

# data[].attributes.body
You can get infected by HIV in many ways. One way to get infected is by unprotected sexual contact. The virus can also be spread through contaminated blood transfusions, hypodermic needles, etc. It can also be spread from a mother to her child during pregnancy, delivery, and/or breastfeeding. The HIV virus survives very well outside of the body if it is in the right environment.

# data[].attributes.body
1.     Symptoms develop about 2-4 weeks after the person is infected. Symptoms include fever, sore throat, swollen glands, rash, fatigue, aches and pains in muscles, glands, and joints, and severe headaches.

2.     Even if the infected blood was flushed out, the HIV virus can still survive up to four weeks in syringes.

3.     If dried blood maintains the optimum pH level needed to survive, HIV can also live in that dried blood at room temperature for up to five or six days.

4.     HIV has a kind of camouflage. It sneaks past the white blood cells and autoimmune cells by surrounding itself with sugar molecules that fool the body into thinking it’s a nutrient instead of a threat.

5.     Roughly 50,000 people in the United States alone become infected with HIV every year.

# data[].attributes.body
ssRNA; Class VI

# data[].attributes.body
There are three main genes in HIV; Gag (Group Antigens), Pol (Reverse Transcriptase), and Env (Envelope Protein).

# data[].attributes.headline
What is the General Structure of the virus?

# data[].attributes.subject
What is the General Structure of the virus?

# data[].attributes.body
The core of the virus holds a protein that is encircled by two single strands of HIV RNA. The lipid membrane is stolen from the host cell membrane. The outer coating of the virus consists of two layers of lipids. The spiky looking rods coming out of the virus are different proteins imbedded in the viral envelope.

# data[].attributes.headline
How are Viruses different from Living Cells?

# data[].attributes.subject
How are Viruses different from Living Cells?

# data[].attributes.body
Viruses are different from living cells because living cells can grow and survive independently, but the only way that viruses can survive and grow is if they take over a living cell and manipulate it to copy their DNA and themselves.

# data[].attributes.body
According to Wikipedia, a virus is “a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.”