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Ethics : is a system of moral principles.

proxy-decision making :  when one person makes a decision for another person who is incompetent but still acts in the incompetent person’s best interests.

Gum : The tissue of the upper and lower jaws that surrounds the base of the teeth.

Blood vessels : are tubes where the blood flow and distributed to the body tissues.

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Posterior: further back in position; later; back of the body

Anterior:refers to front of human body

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Principlism: is a commonly used ethical approach in healthcare and biomedical sciences. It emphasises four key ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.

Bone: is a rigid tissue that constitutes part of the skeleton in most vertebrate animals

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Distal: refers to sites located away from a specific area, most often the center of the body.

Blood vessels: A tube through which the blood circulates in the body. Blood vessels include a network of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.

parotid: a salivary gland that is situated on each side of the face below and in front of the ear

Nerve: A bundle of fibers that uses electrical and chemical signals to transmit sensory and motor information from one body part to another

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Utilitarianism: the doctrine that an action is right in so far as it promotes happiness, and that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the guiding principle of conduct.

Gums: The tissue of the upper and lower jaws that surrounds the base of the teeth.

Root canal:  a dental procedure used to treat infection at the centre of a tooth.

Cervical:  the narrowing of the contours of the tooth surface at or near the CEJ

Palatal: The surface of a tooth is directed toward the palate.

Mandibular: The lower teeth.

Submandibular:  A salivary gland that is located deep under the mandible (jawbone).

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Buccal: The surface facing the cheeks (molars and pre molars)

Lingual: The surface facing the tongue of all lower teeth

Mesial: The surface of any tooth nearest to the mid-line of the arch

Occlusal: The biting surfaces of premolars and molars

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Enamel - The outer covering of the tooth. It is the hardest tissue in the body.

Dentine - The main supporting structure of the tooth. The second hardest tissue in the body.

Pulp - The mass of connective tissue in the centre of the teeth. It is right under the dentine.

Incisor - A type of tooth at the front of the mouth that is adapted to cutting.

Canine - Sharp teeth that are adapted to tearing.

Whistle blowing - The act of exposing an organization for doing something wrong.

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Moral agent : the person who’s committing the act and must be responsible for his actions

Moral concern: is the person who the moral agent is acting on , e.g : patient or colleague

Care of duty: the duty to exercise reasonable care and skill in all aspects of the relationship with the patient

Beneficence: promoting good , being kind

Patient autonomy: accepting that people make different choices and decisions

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Ethics | Pulp | Palatal
Morals | Dentine | Anterior
Moral agent | Enamel | Posterior
Moral concern | Parotid | Maxillary
Paternalism | Submandibular | Mandibular
Utilitarianism | Lingual | Gums
Proxy-decision making | Sublingual | Bone
Principlism | Buccal | Root
Candour | Cervical | Root canal
Patient autonomy | Distal | Nerve
Whistle blowing | Labial | Blood vessel
Beneficence | Mesial | Incisor
Duty of Care | Occlusal | Canine

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Proxy decision making (also known as substituted judgment) refers to the use of the legal system to replace one person's judgment with that of another. This process exists to protect individuals from exploitation while allowing them to retain as much decision-making latitude as possible.

Paternalism is the interference of a state or an individual with another person, against their will, and defended or motivated by a claim that the person interfered with will be better off or protected from harm.

Ethics, also called moral philosophy, the discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad and morally right and wrong.

Candour: the quality of being honest and telling the truth, especially about a difficult or embarrassing subject

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•Group A will discuss the benefits of Beauchamp and Childress’s principles •Group B will discuss the pitfalls of Beauchamp and Childress’s principles •Each group can have 10 minutes to come up with points to debate •Then we will have a debate on the benefits vs. the pitfalls •You may nominate a speaker, or take it in turns •The opposite team can address each point made in an orderly manner •I will be the chairperson

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What is your understanding of the Beauchamp and Childress Principles?

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What is your understanding of the Beauchamp and Childress Principles?

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Consider their benefits and pitfalls