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Recently the CDC and the FDA released the new booster shot. But before they released the new shot something interesting happened, the directer of the CDC Rochelle Walensky went against her own advisors and sided with the FDA which is very rare.

If Walensky hadn't sided with the FDA then those who would've needed the booster shot wouldn't have it right now and they would be more at risk to the virus.

The reason why the 9/15 of the CDC's  own advisors chose to not send out the booster yet was because there wasn't enough evidence to support giving boosters to healthy people no matter what jobs they have. So they basically thought "Well the vaccines are helping a lot with COVID right now, and since there isn't enough evidence to support putting out the booster shots lets just hold off until we do have enough evidence.

The effect of director Walensky's choice was that it give's those who don't believe in vaccines and COVID to not take the vaccines and the extra booster shots.

https://www.npr.org/transcripts/1040353426

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STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:

Late last night, the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention broke a split decision between her own agency's advisory panel and the Food and Drug Administration.

RACHEL MARTIN, HOST:

This involves a plan for COVID vaccine booster shots for some people. The two agencies agreed on boosters for older adults, residents of long-term care facilities and some people with underlying health conditions. They diverged on the question of workers in high-risk environments. The FDA endorsed boosters for those workers. The CDC's panel of advisers did not. Walensky decided to side with the FDA.

INSKEEP: Let's talk about Rochelle Walensky's decision with NPR health correspondent Rob Stein. Rob, good morning.

ROB STEIN, BYLINE: Good morning, Steve.

INSKEEP: How normal is it for the agency's director, the CDC director, to overturn her own advisers?

STEIN: It's pretty unusual. The CDC director usually accepts recommendations from the CDC's advisers. And, you know, Steve, it's the latest whiplash that kind of encapsulates all the mixed signals and intense debate that's been swirling around boosters in the U.S. The committee voted unanimously to endorse boosters for anyone aged 65 and older, beginning six months after they were fully vaccinated. And they also supported a third dose for adults who have health problems that put them at risk. But that's where they drew the line.

INSKEEP: OK, so I want to make sure I'm clear on what's going on here. People who've been following the news know that the FDA endorsed boosters for high-risk workers the other day. I thought it was settled. Then we find out that some people at the CDC object to this. In the end, it means nothing. Rochelle Walensky went along with the FDA. But why was it that some experts thought it was a bad idea to give boosters to high-risk workers?

STEIN: Yeah, yeah. The advisors really struggled with that one. And at the end of a really long day, the panel narrowly rejected endorsing boosters for people in jobs that might put them at risk, like doctors nurses and teachers. A slight majority said there just wasn't enough evidence to support that. That put that my odds with the FDA, which just hours earlier, had authorized boosters for workers like that.

INSKEEP: Well, so we have a situation there where you're saying that what - this was a close decision for some people, then, in a close vote.

STEIN: Yeah, yeah, yeah. The panel was split almost evenly on this question. Six members voted to open up boosters for those folks, but nine voted against it. The opponents basically argued that there simply wasn't enough evidence to support giving boosters to otherwise healthy people no matter what jobs they do. Sure, immunity seems to be waning for older people. And maybe people with health problems are more vulnerable. But so far, all the vaccines are still doing a great job of keeping relatively young, healthy people out of the hospital and keeping them alive. And there may be risks for a third dose, like an inflammation of the heart known as myocarditis, which is rare but has shown up frequently - most frequently among younger men. Here's Dr. Lynn Bahta from the Minnesota Department of Health.

LYNN BAHTA: I feel like we're being pulled into an emotional decision. And this is an emotional decision. But we really do have to stay with the science. And I don't think we have the data in younger age groups to make a decision for a booster dose.

STEIN: But on the flip side, others argued quite passionately at times that many workers in risky jobs deserve whatever protection they can get, you know, especially health care workers who've been putting their lives on the line every day.

INSKEEP: It's really interesting to listen to that argument from what you're saying there, Rob, because you have one person saying, I feel we're being pulled into an emotional decision. And there is, in some ways, an emotional response.

STEIN: Yeah, yeah. You know, in a statement released early this morning, CDC Director Walensky - she sided with the argument that workers needed protection, too, in the face of the delta surge. In a pandemic, she said, the CDC, quote, "is tasked with analyzing complex, often imperfect data and take action that we anticipate will do the greatest good, even when there is uncertainty."

INSKEEP: NPR's Rob Stein, thanks so much.

STEIN: You bet, Steve.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

INSKEEP: Some other news now - the committee investigating the January 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol issued subpoenas to four former Trump administration officials.

MARTIN: They are former White House chief of staff Mark Meadows, onetime White House strategist Steve Bannon, former deputy chief of staff Dan Scavino and Kash Patel, who was chief of staff to the acting Defense secretary the day protesters breached the Capitol building. The subpoenas, which seek documents and depositions, are the first from the Democratic-led panel. More could be on the way.

INSKEEP: NPR congressional reporter Claudia Grisales has been following this story. Good morning.

CLAUDIA GRISALES, BYLINE: Good morning, Steve.

INSKEEP: What is it the committee is trying to learn here?

GRISALES: The panel says these four former Trump officials - Meadows, Bannon, Scavino and Patel - possess important details related to the siege. And this comes after the committee recently issued its first wave of document requests from federal agencies and social media companies and asked 35 tech and telecom firms to preserve phone records, such as text messages and other communications for these former Trump officials. But this is part of what we've been hearing from this panel for weeks now, that they're serious about getting to the bottom of what happened on January 6. And subpoenas marked the next stage of this investigation.

INSKEEP: Is it clear that the committee knows what important details, as they put it, that these folks may have?

GRISALES: It is somewhat. Committee Chairman Bennie Thompson gets pretty specific in letters to these officials about their roles in the weeks before January 6 and where they need more information. For example, Thompson tells Meadows that Justice Department records show Meadows was in direct communications with top officials at the Department to probe election fraud in several states, as well as officials in various states to request the same many weeks after the election. In Bannon's case, Thompson raises conversations he had in the weeks leading up to January 6 with Trump in a meeting that was held the night before at a hotel just a block from the White House. This is the Willard, where he and Trump allies plotted, essentially, how to stop President Biden from taking office. Thompson says in additional letters that they want to know more about Scavino's attempts to amplify the January 6 rally and for Patel, the former DOD official, how he was intimately involved in the security plans that ultimately failed that day.

INSKEEP: So I guess this ultimately gets down to the question of who was engineering this, who was planning this, who was coordinating, if anyone...

GRISALES: Exactly.

INSKEEP: ...This riot that we saw, this attack on the Capitol. Where's the probe go next?

GRISALES: So now we see how these folks respond. Although congressional subpoenas are not something that can be ignored, it's also what could be the beginning of a legal fight if any of these individuals do not want to comply.

INSKEEP: Any of the former officials responding yet?

GRISALES: Not yet. Former President Trump himself said in a statement that they would fight the subpoena on executive privilege. That said, all four have been given deadlines to turn over relevant documents by October 7, so about two weeks from today. And they'll need to appear before the committee around October 14 or 15. So this is going to be a big legal test for the committee in what appears to be the beginning of these kind of requests.

INSKEEP: Claudia, thanks so much.

GRISALES: Thank you.

INSKEEP: NPR's Claudia Grisales.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

INSKEEP: Today, President Biden is hosting the leaders of three nations that have something in common.

MARTIN: The nations are Japan, Australia and India. And they are all relatively near neighbors of China, and they've joined the United States in what's called a strategic dialogue. It's called the Quad, for quadrilateral - four countries, you see. And it matters because if you put those four countries together, you have immense economic, as well as military power, even when compared with China's growing strength.

INSKEEP: NPR correspondent Lauren Frayer covers India and is with us. Lauren, good morning.

LAUREN FRAYER, BYLINE: Good morning, Steve.

INSKEEP: I just want to note this is a diplomatic meeting which points to possibly a new orientation of the world. Several U.S. administrations in a row have wanted to more effectively counter China. They are aware they would like some friends in the region to help do that. So how is this going?

FRAYER: Well, there have been some stumbles. I mean, this week started off with this diplomatic fallout over Australia buying submarine technology that could be used to patrol waters around China from the U.S. rather than France. France saw that as a snub, recalled its ambassador. Steve, I think you spoke with the ambassador, who talked about a lack of honesty. So from the get-go this week, the U.S. was sort of on the back foot, trying to reassure France, its oldest ally. That came after what many saw as a chaotic U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan, a lack of consultation with U.S. allies on that.

So there are challenges going into this big week of diplomacy. And in his speech at the U.N. General Assembly, President Biden said the U.S. is shifting from relentless war to relentless diplomacy. Now, what he didn't mention is actually what is thought to be his No. 1 priority, and that's China. The Biden administration wants to stand up to what it perceives as China's authoritarianism. It wants to counter China's growing influence, wants to ensure free trade in the Indo-Pacific. And so that is basically what today's Quad summit is focused on.

INSKEEP: Indo-Pacific is a term that I think most Americans had not heard until recent years when the U.S. began talking of that region or those two regions as one big region kind of aimed at China. But what interests do these four nations really share here?

FRAYER: Well, China has had just this incredible economic growth. And that means the balance of power is shifting pretty dramatically. There is a perception that China has become more belligerent. China has built military installations in the South China Sea. The Quad countries see that as a threat to free trade and possibly travel. But there are lots of other tensions. You know, India shares a long border with China. Troops have fought there. Australia has had trade disputes with China. There are islands in the East China Sea that Japan and China both lay claim to. And, of course, as you recall, the U.S. had this trade war with China under President Trump. Now, the thing is you probably will not hear President Biden name China very much today. And that's because all of these countries still trade with China. This is sensitive. China doesn't love the idea of these countries all ganging up and talking about it.

INSKEEP: Somewhat like you said with Biden's speech, where he didn't mention China, which was sort of the implied biggest priority.

FRAYER: Exactly.

INSKEEP: With that said, is this union of four countries actually a defense pact?

FRAYER: No. And that's an important distinction. The Quad countries do hold joint naval exercises, but there's no formal defence pact. Actually, India, for example, isn't even technically a U.S. treaty ally. India has been historically resistant to joining alliances. So this is more of a loose strategic grouping.

INSKEEP: Are they actually going to announce anything today?

FRAYER: We hope so. I mean, they have pledged to produce a billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines by the end of 2022. We may hear more promises about that. We may hear fresh promises about climate change, reducing coal use, moving towards renewable energy. And also, we may hear about supply chains for critical technology like semiconductors. These are supply chains the U.S. does not want China to be a part of.

INSKEEP: NPR's international correspondent Lauren Frayer, thanks.

FRAYER: Thank you.

Copyright © 2021 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR's programming is the audio record.

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News Brief: Booster Shots, Trump Loyalists Subpoenaed, White House Quad Summit

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STEVE INSKEEP, HOST: Late last night, the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention broke a split decision between her own agency's advisory panel and the Food and Drug Administration. RACHEL MARTIN, HOST: This involves a plan for COVID vaccine booster shots for some people.

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I have read an article about how 15 dogs were cramed in a cage and crushed to death

About 3 million dogs dont make it out of the shelter

I wonder why people who aren’t busy dont adopt dogs

Marcos Garcia offered himself to the Miami adoption center to help dogs get adopted. Many dogs are getting adopted but some dogs have to spend the rest of theri life in the shelter.

# data[].attributes.headline
Why America keeps turning its back on Haitian migrants

# data[].attributes.subject
Why America keeps turning its back on Haitian migrants

# data[].attributes.body
In the article it said “In one photo, an agent grabbed the T-shirt of a migrant, while another shouted in a video, “Get out now! Back to Mexico!” I wonder why people are still like this, It’s so confusing because one second people are treating each other with some sort of respect and the next they’re yelling these type of things.

# data[].attributes.body
The CDC is making a plan to give out booster shots. There is a debate going on in the U.S. about booster shots. “The committee voted unanimously to endorse boosters for anyone aged 65 and older, beginning six months after they were fully vaccinated.”

This is what it looks like when somebody gets the booster.

# data[].attributes.headline
Tech at WorkKeystroke tracking, screenshots, and facial recognition: The boss may be watching long after the pandemic ends

# data[].attributes.subject
Tech at WorkKeystroke tracking, screenshots, and facial recognition: The boss may be watching long after the pandemic ends

# data[].attributes.body
This article i connected to how some company’s like to keep a very close eye on their employees.

This gives me the new  idea that people could be spy on you through your device and you’ll never know if someone did

Some thing confusing is why a computer needs to always see your face

Summary:
So this woman Kerrie Krutchik got a new job a computer was sent to her in the mail. This computer needed to always see her face or else it would make her give it 3 angles of her face to get back in she quit after realizing it might have been so the computers owners could spy on her so she quit.

# data[].attributes.body
This is connected to my grandma because she is probably going to get the covid booster shot soon. I think it is so cool that people can not only get a vaccine but they can get a booster vaccine. I wonder why only some people can get a booster instead of everyone getting the vaccine. Only people who got the prize vaccine are allowed to get the booster. But they are coming out with more boosters for other vaccines.

# data[].attributes.headline
Two New York cats tested positive for coronavirus. Here’s what you need to know about the virus and animals.

# data[].attributes.subject
Two New York cats tested positive for coronavirus. Here’s what you need to know about the virus and animals.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2020/04/22/coronavirus-pets-cats-dogs/

It reminds me of when people were debating if pets can get covid.

Even though this was from a while ago a new idea is that if animals can give us covid we might not be able to have pets or we might not be able to go out at all.

I wonder what would happen if pets could give us covid?

Summary: A couple cats have been tested positive for covid but are saying that as of now there isn’t evidence that we can get covid from pets.

# data[].attributes.body
The cases in the United States of America have been high for a couple of months.

I think that the key out of the pandemic is to get the vaccines! This idea is not new and for those who refuse and get sick it is not good.

The challenge is that not everybody is eligible for a vaccine and there is only one vaccine that is approved in the USA. For those under 12 years old there is currently no vaccine approved which means that a good portion of the US isn’t eligible.

To summarize, we need people to get vaccines to end the pandemic. It’s the way out of this 1.5 year horror story

(I read many articles)

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                                      THE VOX.                                                                              This reminds me of how climate change forces people to  leave their homes and live on the streets. Like fires burning down homes and homes getting flooded and earthquakes too. Looking at the picture and reading about this makes me sad. People are just trying to live there life but climate change, racism and unjust laws are making it so challenging for people to find a new home.  I think that if we find a way to fix climate change  it will solve this and many other problems. People are still looking for a safe place to live since the 2010 earthquake that had affected about 3 million people. Gangs  in power make people scared for themselves and there families. Overall, people need to start working together to help solve these problems.  People like Haitians are facing these problems and we need to help people like them so they can find a safe home. At first people can start changing laws and making them better maybe people can also find ways to help solve climate.

# data[].attributes.subject
                                      THE VOX.                                                                              This reminds me of how climate change forces people to  leave their homes and live on the streets. Like fires burning down homes and homes getting flooded and earthquakes too. Looking at the picture and reading about this makes me sad. People are just trying to live there life but climate change, racism and unjust laws are making it so challenging for people to find a new home.  I think that if we find a way to fix climate change  it will solve this and many other problems. People are still looking for a safe place to live since the 2010 earthquake that had affected about 3 million people. Gangs  in power make people scared for themselves and there families. Overall, people need to start working together to help solve these problems.  People like Haitians are facing these problems and we need to help people like them so they can find a safe home. At first people can start changing laws and making them better maybe people can also find ways to help solve climate.

# data[].attributes.body
-Temma

# data[].attributes.headline
Why Biden is throwing out Haitian Migrants

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Why Biden is throwing out Haitian Migrants

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“Border Patrol agents on horseback hounding Haitian migrants near the US-Mexico border, more than 14,000 of whom were camped under the Del Rio bridge on September 19. The uniformed men swung their long horse reins — which many interpreted as whips — to keep the migrants from crossing into Texas. In one photo, an agent grabbed the T-shirt of a migrant, while another shouted in a video, “Get out now! Back to Mexico!”

Condemnation of the agents’ behavior was swift, with advocates drawing parallels to slave patrols, or the white men on horses who whipped enslaved people in cotton fields. But inhumane treatment of Black migrants, particularly Haitian migrants, is not new; it’s closely linked to the history of immigrant detention in the United States.”

I wonder why Biden is doing this. Why does the patrol have to be so aggressive with the migrants when they didn’t do anything but try to eat/ survive with the very little resources they have. Even before  Biden became president this is not the first time black/Haitian has been dragged away out of the United States or dragged from their homes to the US.

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This is connected to climate change (with i defiantly know about) because people are having to leave their home due to earthquakes. A new idea is that America can stop rejecting immigrants and do the opposite. I wonder if this article was made when trunk was present, hopefully it it better now.

The Haitians need to migrate but America is not letting them in and that had caused many bad things: like Ganges.

By seren

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Ancient foot prints, re-date Human arrival in America 

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Ancient foot prints, re-date Human arrival in America 

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Researchers found foot prints that date back about 23,000 years ago. The foot prints formed because they were walking on a damp lake, and later sediments filled the foot prints, next the ground hardened. They are still trying to find out what they where doing. It’s hard to tell to the “naked eye” but when there is a right amount of dampness then you can see it. There could be many more footprints, we just haven’t found them yet.

Author: Carl Zimmer

https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/23/science/ancient-footprints-ice-age.html

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Article:https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/09/24/autonomous-ai-ship/
Connect: I learned that the ocean is very dangerous and kill a lot of people per year, and this relates to my article as it has no people inside and no human lives will be in danger when dangerous events happen.

Extend: I never new that there were boats that could be driven by Ai as the waves are very unpredictable and other dangerous events, so that fact that the boat could survive for a little at sea, is quite impressive to me.
Challenge: I wonder how much the AI boat costs because it seems to be very expensive cause of the AI and parts for the ship.

Summarize: IBM invented an autonomous boat and tried to get it from Plymouth, England, to Plymouth, Mass, but it didn’t work out. But they are trying again.

# data[].attributes.body
The topic is connected to space and I think I know a lot about space.
A new idea that I have is with this telescope we will be able to see some older galaxies and some better origins to the universe. I wonder how long it will take for the telescope to reach its final destination. My article was a bout a new telescope called James Webb Space Telescope, that is supposed to be 1000 times stronger than the Hubble Telescope.
https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/22664709/james-webb-space-telescope-launch-date-december-science-hubble

# data[].attributes.body
Republicans in Arizona’s biggest county led a presidential election recount. The results were that Biden won but it apparently wasn’t to actually change the results.

https://www.npr.org/2021/09/24/1040550710/republican-led-election-review-in-arizona-determines-biden-did-indeed-win

# data[].attributes.headline
Australia is air-dropping vegetables from helicopters to feed animals stranded by wildfires

# data[].attributes.subject
Australia is air-dropping vegetables from helicopters to feed animals stranded by wildfires

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.washingtonpost.com/science/2020/01/13/australia-fires-vegetable-airdrops-animals/

It reminds me of a while ago when there were a lot of fires in Australia and people would go and try to find tons of animals to save.

A new idea is I didn’t really think about how the animals wouldn’t have any food to eat even if they didn’t die from the fires.

I wonder why they didn’t just relocate them to another place where there was more food, because they will run out soon and if he cat eat it all t will get moldy.

Summary: There was a huge food drop in New South Wales to feed the wallabies. They did this becasue after the fires the wallabies that didn’t die didn’t have anything to eat.

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The economy has been greatly effected by the pandemic and so has come with the consequences of people losing their jobs.
As a source of this multiple people have lost their jobs and have had to deal with it, which Biden has tried to fix but Congress denied.

https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/24/business/economy/coronavirus-delta-economy.html

# data[].attributes.body
Wide fires forced thousands to evacuate and sent choking air in the US. The risks of wild fires happening again is a high chance because human activities continue to warm the planet.

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login: arleigh_giroux@liveoaksf.org
Password: 8thgradehumanities

Choose and article from:

washingonpost.com or

nytimes.com  or

NPR’s Morning Edition Podcasts Or

NPR’s All Things Considered or

Vox

Connect, Extend, Challenge, Summarize

How is the topic connected to something you know about?

What new ideas or impressions do you have that extended your thinking in new directions?

What is challenging or confusing? What do you wonder about?

Summarize the article in 1-2 sentences. Who are the main actors? What are their motivations? What is the cause? The effect?

TO DO: select any news article from the websites listed above; write a Padlet post that includes (a) a link to your article, and (b) responses to the "Connect, Extend, Challenge, Summarize" prompts.