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The bar graph shows the global sales (in billions of dollars) of different types of digital games between 2000 and 2006. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

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The bar graph shows the global sales (in billions of dollars) of different types of digital games between 2000 and 2006. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

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The given bar chart illustrates the number of four types of digital games, namely Mobile Phone Games, Online Games, Console Games and Handheld Games sold globally in billions of dollars over seven years, from 2000 to 2006.

Overall, the game sales were on an upward trend during the period, except for Console Games purchased which experienced a decrease over the years. It is obvious that Handheld Games were the best-seller of the four.

As can be seen from the chart, the sales number of Handheld games came in at over 11 billion dollars in 2000, then went up gradually before staying steady from 2004 to 2005. The next year saw a rise in the purchase of these games as it hit the peak of nearly 18. Not until 2001 were Online Games sold out for the first time, standing at around 1 billion dollars. In the next 5 years, the sales climbed progressively with an increase of approximately 150% each year, finishing at 9 billion dollars in 2006. Meanwhile, people first paid for Mobile Phones Games in 2002 with the sales of around 1.5 billion dollars. This game purchases underwent a stable growth over the last 5 years, coming top at more than 6 billion dollars in 2006.

In contrast, the number of Console Games sold was decidely downward. The game sales started at 6 billion dollar, then dropped steeply between 2000 and 2003 before remaining unchanged in 2004. In the end, the number reached its bottom of 3 billion dollars in 2006.

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Education is a lifelong task. Do you agree or disagree ?

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Education is a lifelong task. Do you agree or disagree ?

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Over many decades, people have found education of the utmost importance in brightening the future. It is claimed that people should get knowledge for a lifetime. Personally, I strongly agree with this opinion for several reasons.

Firstly, keeping on learning saves people from being controlled by intelligent technology. This progressing modern age undoubtedly creates numerous advanced devices and technologies operating tasks in workplaces, households, …so folks must possess updated information and knowledge to make great use of them as well as secure their position at work, at home. Doctor Kimme from Stanford University emphasized the urgency of maintaining learning habit from 2020 on so that human beings never lost ground to the development of Intelligent Technologies.

Secondly, educating process reduces the effects of senility and brain aging. With ages, our brains function less effectively as a result of the decrease in thinking and taking in new things. Obviously, learning new things each day means our brains process information on a regular basis, which prevents them from shrinking. According to Harvard Laboratory’s 2019 research into people brains, surprisingly 87% of those usually reading up on several fields of subjects showed minimal weakness in grey matter, thus insignificant memory loss or perception problems.

To summarize, education is intrumental in proving our positions and maintaing our metal abilities. Therefore, it is undeniably a key factor in improving our daily life and should be practiced for a lifetime.

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The diagram below shows how potato chips are made. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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The diagram below shows how potato chips are made. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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The pictorial depicts the manufacturing process of potato chips. In general, this process involves 6 main stages. In the initial stage, potatoes are checked manually to separate the good from the bad ones. Before reaching a peeler, the good-quality potatoes go through a cleaning step in a washer, where they are cleaned with cold rinse water. In the peeler, peels and starch are removed from the potato flesh. After that, the peeled potatoes pass through a bucket conveyor to a slicer where they are chopped into thin slices before entering the flatbed conveyor. In the fifth phase, those potato slices are deep-fried in a huge machine. As soon as the fried potato chips reach the flat belt conveyor, they are seasoned with salt to enhance their flavor. In the last stage, potato chips are packaged in bags or cans, and the items are then ready for consumption.

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The diagram below shows the life cycle of the salmon. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

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The diagram below shows the life cycle of the salmon. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

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The follow diagram illustrates the biorhythm of the salmon. Generally speaking, this life cycle consists of seven stages starting with eggs being laid in water and ending with the death of spawning salmon. At the very beginning, salmon eggs are laid in freshwater where they are supposed to break open in around three months. In the second phase, each egg hatches into an alevin that feeds off yolk sac for several weeks. Then, the alevin turns into a five-to-ten-week-old fry and starts swimming. After several months, it reaches the fourth stage known as parr in which the fry develops ‘finger’ markings. Next, it tends to group and head out to the sea when being identified as a one-to-three-year-old smolt. Subsequently, the smolt then enters the adult stage and lives at sea from one to eight years. During breeding season, it becomes a spawning adult, lays eggs and eventually dies within two weeks. At this time, the eggs then develop into alevins and the cycle begins all over again.

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The picture demonstrates the process in which coffee is produced with the dry method. Generally speaking, the process involves 12 stages starting from selecting coffee to coffee being packed and sold. In the first stage, raw beans are sorted by hand and then cleaned under the water flow with a sieve to filter out any impurities. Next, the cleaned beans are left out in the sun to dry for a duration of 4 weeks. In the fourth stage, the beans are ranked into rows and turned again and again until dry. After that, they are stored in a silo before being sent to the mill in the sixth stage. At the mill, the dried beans undergo hulling which involves crushing the beans manually. In the next stage, the finer coffee beans are then graded, bagged, and sold to manufacturers in bulk. The manufacturers may buy those beans and continue the production by roasting the coffee. Eventually, the coffee powder is packed and then sold to supermarkets and shops for sale.

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The diagram gives information about the process of making carbonated drinks. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should write at least 150 words.

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The diagram gives information about the process of making carbonated drinks. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should write at least 150 words.

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The pictorial illustrates the breakdown of how carbonated drinks are produced. Overall, the diagram shows 5 stages of making carbonated drinks starting from water cleaning to packaging. Initially, raw water undergoes the cleaning stage in which it flows in pipes through a filter to a device. In this stage, the water is softened by the use of chemicals. Then, the clean water is pumped to electric heaters to be evaporated by heat. The water goes through a cooling pipe to another device containing carbon dioxide where the carbonation process takes place. In the third stage, the carbonated water is sent to a cylindrical tank in which it is mixed with colouring, syrup, and flavours. After that, the processed water runs through a filter once more time before being filled into either bottles or cans. Eventually, the finished beverages are packaged into boxes and ready to be dispatched to supermarkets for sale.

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Should it be compulsory for high school students to wear ao dai every day at school?

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Should it be compulsory for high school students to wear ao dai every day at school?

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Ao dai is undeniably popular among high school students because of its traditional beauty. However, students should not be under obligation to wear ao dai every school day for several reasons.

Firstly, the fact that not every student is a good fit for an ao dai may lead to discrimination. Obviously, some people who are a little overweight find wearing ao dai embarrassing because it accentuates the body of others who are slim. According to Tuoi hoc tro's 2020 study, 48 out of 100 students were against taking on ao dai because they were afraid of body shaming.

Secondly, ao dai can be inconvenient from time to time. Despite its attractiveness, ao dai causes pupils to feel uncomfortable when it comes to unideal weather or energetic activities. As an illustration, students would be frustrated going through puddles in a downpour with splashes of unclean marks on the ao dai.

Finally, if pupils' clothing selections are limited, they will not be able to enhance their personality. Without a doubt, the fact that the young are active and creative when it comes to mixing and matching their clothes is quite important since it allows them to express themselves and increase their passion at school. According to a statement made by Dr. Bao Chau of the Vietnam Ministry of Education in 2019, students should be permitted to dress for half of the weekdays to feel freer in expressing themselves.

To summarize, requiring students to wear ao dai every day at school may result in discrimination, inconvenience, and a loss of personality. As a result, educators should consider giving pupils greater opportunities to dress freely.

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Everyone should adopt a vegetarian diet because eating meat can cause serious health problems. Do you agree or disagree?

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Everyone should adopt a vegetarian diet because eating meat can cause serious health problems. Do you agree or disagree?

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Arguments about our diet have been a hot topic lately. It is suggested that a vegetarian diet be followed, with meat being avoided as it causes health difficulties. However, I disagree with this viewpoint for several reasons.

Firstly,  meat is not to blame for health concerns because people may make suitable dietary adjustments. Clearly, modest meat portions combined with healthy cooking methods are beneficial to people's health. Meat is a fantastic source of protein, according to Stanford University's Ph.D. Harry, and we can make some changes to how we consume it, so removing it should be a last resort.

Secondly, no servings of meat in the diet should result in nutrient deficiency. Without a doubt, meat is a major source of vitamins, protein, iron, and other essential minerals for human health. According to the WHO research from 2021, consuming approximately 4 ounces of meat per day helps meet protein recommendations.

Finally, meat dishes are frequently delicious. Cooked meat has a sweet and tasty flavor, and it may be used in a variety of excellent meals. According to a 2019 survey conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture, 78 out of 100 consumers prefer dishes containing meat at every meal since they satisfy taste preferences and make the meals more appetizing.

To summarize, meat is not entirely unhealthy for our bodies. People are not discouraged from following a vegetarian diet, but they should not encouraged to exclude meat from their meals.

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A life circle of a frog is a brilliant process involving 5 stages. First of all, adult frogs lay fertilized eggs that float on water in a jelly mass or cluster. In the second stage, a tadpole, also called a larva, hatches from an egg. Tadpoles have rudimentary gills, a mouth, and a long tail so they look more like fish than frogs. Then, tadpoles start to grow hind legs and are considered froglets. In this stage, they develop lungs, can leap around, and start to look a little more like frogs. The fourth stage is young frogs as the froglets grow two front legs and their tails become shorter. Finally, the frogs’ tails disappear completely and their internal organs develop fully, which means the frogs have reached the adult stage of their life cycle. The adult frogs then lay their eggs and more tadpoles hatch and begin the cycle again.

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The flowchart below shows the process involved in completing the work experience requirement for university students.

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The flowchart below shows the process involved in completing the work experience requirement for university students.

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The flowchart demonstrates the steps for meeting the work experience requirement for university students. General speaking, this process consists of 6 steps, starting from submitting applications stage to the submission of the final report. First of all, choose which workplaces from the authorization list are most likely to further your career and schedule some interviews. Once you've completed your applications, send them to the places that have piqued your interest. In the second stage, when you have been chosen, submit acceptance letter to your professor for approval. The third step is to plan your schedule over the course of 20 weeks, including at least 10 hours of work per week. Afterwards, you should submit completed report form to professor once a week on Friday. Then , spend time participating in evaluation meeting with your work supervisor. This is also the final workweek and supervisor will help submit evaluation form. Eventually, at least one week before the end of the spring semester, submit your final report. And with the submission of final report, the work experience requirements are fulfilled following the process outlined in the flowchart.

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Directional paragraph: How to leave your interviewer with a good impression?

It is important to leave a lasting impression after your interview so follow these steps to help solidify yourself as a viable candidate. The first step is to prioritize the follow-up process by asking about the future timeline. This will not only communicate your interest in the position but also set the timing for your further contact. After that, you should send a thank-you note to the hiring manager. It means you have a chance to reconnect after the interview and show your appreciation for the interviewer’s dedicated time. Next, if you have not heard from the company the day after the decision deadline, check in with your interviewer. Send a brief and professional note as a reminder of your interest. Finally, you should ask to stay in touch even if you did not get the job. In this way, you have opportunities for other jobs at the same company and cultivate a future relationship. Following up those points proves you an outstanding interviewee.

Informational paragraph: How is cement manufactured?

Cement manufacture is a pretty complicated process with about 5 stages. Common materials used are limestone, shale, silica, and iron oxides. Firstly, materials are quarried from the ground and transported to the cement plant. Then, these rock materials are put into a crusher that mills them into fine powders. In the next step, crushed limestone, silica, shale and iron oxides are mixed together and run through a rotary kiln. Here the powders are blended and preheated to around 900oC. Afterward, the material is burned continuously at 1500oC. Heating starts the de-carbonation and drives CO2 from the limestone, forming clinker. After that, clinker is ground to fine powder and mixed with gypsum which helps moderate how fast the cement sets. Ultimately, the cement is bagged for sale or transported for concrete production. The above stages summarize the operation of a popular building material – cement.

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“Should all subjects be made optional at higher school?”

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“Should all subjects be made optional at higher school?”

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Education has always been drawn to people’s attention.  There has been an ongoing debate about whether all high school subjects should be optional. From my perspective, I am at loggerheads over this opinion for several reasons.

To begin with, allowing pupils to choose their subjects generates no specific fundamentals or progress. Many students dislike learning compulsory subjects like math, literature, and English, which creates a significant divide among pupils in terms of a well-rounded education. Furthermore, given the choice, students prefer to pursue subjects in which they have an interest or aptitude, implying that they make little effort to master difficult subjects. According to Havard University's Ph.D. Johnson, the requirement of certain subjects forces 78 percent of the university's students to develop themselves, even in tough subjects.

Secondly, the educational system is hampered by a wide range of subject options. Clearly, different individual choices make it difficult for educators to organize an adequate educational system. Additionally, because students' curriculum differs, there is no standard by which teachers assess students' abilities. According to a 2019 Vietnam Giao Duc News article, 89 out of 100 educators support a fixed curriculum since it enables teachers to enhance education systems and make appropriate student judgments.

To summarize, compulsory subjects lead to greater progress and a better education system. It is advisable that students are to learn particular compulsory subjects in order to receive a proper education.

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In some countries, school aims to provide a general education across a range of subjects. In others, children focus on a narrow range of subjects related to a particular career. Which system is more appropriate?

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In some countries, school aims to provide a general education across a range of subjects. In others, children focus on a narrow range of subjects related to a particular career. Which system is more appropriate?

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The educational systems in various countries around the world vary significantly. Some countries have a curriculum that covers a wide range of subjects, while others steer students to subjects that are relevant to their future careers. Personally, the latter would form a good education system for several reasons.

To begin with, a narrow range of subjects provides a solid foundation for students' future employment. Early approach to futures majors provides children with a window of opportunity to advance quickly and spend more time extending their horizons. According to a 2021 report by MIT, focusing on IT since high school would save students 3/4 of university time to begin analysis.

Secondly, students would not be overwhelmed thanks to a narrower range of subjects. On average, as usual, students are under obligation to study twelve subjects, which means they have to prepare a large amount of diverse knowledge for each term test. In a 2019 survey by Viet Nam Giao Duc News, 78 out of 100 students found adopting and taking exams on a variety of subjects stressful.

Finally, a reduction in the curriculum provides students with a chance to blossom socially. Undoubtedly, arranging extracurricular activities alternatively with lessons not only brings enjoyment but also develops students’ sphere of society. As stated in 2020 analysis by Ph.D. Harry from Harvard University, the application of this active learning system helps 80% of students improve essential life skills.

To summarize, future preparation, reduction of pressure and social development are marked benefits of a narrow-rage-of-subjects system. This system should be operated widely for the sake of education’s productivity.

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Mobile phones have changed the way many people communicate. Nowadays people cannot live without them if they want to be a part of society.

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Mobile phones have changed the way many people communicate. Nowadays people cannot live without them if they want to be a part of society.

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Mobile phones’ advent has changed people’s interacting approaches and they are a crucial factor in being socially involved for several reasons. First of all, with a portable mobile phone, one may connect with anyone at any time and receive instant responses rather than wasting time scheduling a face-to-face encounter. Furthermore, thanks to technological advancements, people can now make video calls, allowing them to stay in touch and still feel intimate through facial interaction. According to a 2019 survey by CNN, 178 out of 200 participants valued the utility of mobile phones which enabled them to keep in touch with loved ones who lived far away. Secondly, mobile phones had contributed to the expansion of social media networks.  Obviously, people, especially young ones, today prefer to communicate through social media exchanges. With the aid of mobile phones, people find it more convenient to access social media and then be active more often, which means they have more opportunities to interchange with friends, fellows,...through posts, status,... As Ph.D. Crawford of Stanford University stated in 2021, the use of social media has increased 23 % every year since the introduction of mobile phones, and this means of communication has encouraged people to make new friends all over the world. In summary, people undeniably benefit from instant contacts and global social networks thanks to mobile phones.

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“Teenagers should have part-time jobs in preparation for their future.”

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“Teenagers should have part-time jobs in preparation for their future.”

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Undeniably,  youngsters' perspectives today differ from those of previous generations. It is suggested that teenagers should get part-time jobs to prepare for their future. Personally, I completely agree with this viewpoint for several reasons.

Firstly, getting a job early in life helps children develop time management skills. When teens work part-time jobs, they must also maintain good academic performance, which necessitates a good time plan. Emma Waston claims that she tried to manage time well while acting in the Harry Potter series as a teenager, so she was still an outstanding student at Oxford University.

Second, the experience of earning money teaches teenagers to appreciate the value of money. Undoubtedly,  having grown up in the comfort zone, young people have no idea how tough it is to make money. Dr. Steve remarked in his 2019 Ted Talk that adolescence is the perfect time for children to step out of the norm, experience competitive work environments to earn money.

Finally, working part-time helps teenagers get vital experience for future jobs. Obviously, if students work part-time jobs relating to their future major, they learn approaches to put knowledge into practice. In a survey conducted by PTIT in 2021, 78 out of 100 students worked as part-time marketing staff, which gave them strong background and helped them find work immediately after graduation.

In conclusion, teens who work part-time are more likely to manage time properly, value money, and possess essential experience. Teenagers should carefully consider part-time jobs so that their academic records are not affected.

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“Written books are not needed because we can read almost everything on the internet.”

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“Written books are not needed because we can read almost everything on the internet.”

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In the modern age, people have shifted their reading habits from conventional books to internet reading. Arguably, there is no need to keep written books as people can access a wealth of information via the internet.  However, I disagree with this opinion for several reasons.

Firstly, high-quality books are associated with a high level of accuracy. A book must undoubtedly pass through numerous stages before being published, and it can also be updated annually to fulfill the demand of readers. According to Ph.D. Emma's statement to The New York Times in 2019, a qualified book -"How to Win Friends" - is revised every two years to ensure the fewest possible errors.

Secondly, people can enhance their concentration by reading written books. Reading on paper makes the brain function harder and keeps readers focused on the text without the distraction of advertising or a few clicks for enjoyment. In the 2021 survey by Yonsei University, 678 out of 1000 seniors preferred consulting written books since they could focus on the content more easily.

Finally, written books are harmless and provide more convenience. Since those books are usually portable, people can enjoy them anywhere such as in the park, on the way home,…Therefore, it is a great idea to absorb fascinating books in light places, which not only satisfies but also protects people's eyes.

To conclude, written books are always beneficial and they benefit people a great deal.  Everyone should maintain the practice of reading printed books in order to benefit from the wonderful experiences that books provide.

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 “ Modern technology has increased our material wealth but not our happiness”

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 “ Modern technology has increased our material wealth but not our happiness”

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Personally, I believe that modern technology has augmented both our material wealth and our happiness, rather than only the former. To begin with, people benefit from material possessions in this modern age.  Obviously, technologies advance a country’s economic state. According to MIT’s 2018 estimates, the profit of the American confectionery industry has risen from around 1 billion to approximately 900 billion per year after the adoption of the production line. Furthermore, technological gadgets have made people's lives easier. As an illustration, the availability of electronic tools such as timers and activity trackers on smartphones can help users organize a productive day. On the other hand, we are enjoying a happy life thanks to contemporary technologies. Without a doubt, having access to the global network has enabled people to contact one another wherever they are. To be more specific, those who live far away from home may now keep in touch with their families on a regular basis using Zalo, Messenger, and Zoom, maintaining their sense of belonging and bonding. Additionally, with the aid of technology, individuals are less overworked and have more time with their loved ones. According to Linguatrip's 2021 report, 75% of its staff rarely work overtime since modern machines let them work more efficiently, or they may gather with family and work from home. To summarize, technological progress has given individuals not only more material wealth but also a greater sense of happiness.

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Competitiveness is considered a positive quality among people.

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Competitiveness is considered a positive quality among people.

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As far as competitiveness is concerned, it is not encouraged among people due to some drawbacks. However, to a certain extent, people need to be competitive for several reasons.
First and foremost, competitive people have great self-development and always go forward. Undoubtedly, to leave other competitors behind, those people put themselves in a state of constant learning, which steadily builds up their skills and knowledge. In a 2019 statement, Dr. Celine from the University of Standford mentioned the setting full of sense of rivalry made 75% of the students strive to be better and boost their study performance.
Secondly, competitiveness serves as a motivator for individuals to overcome any challenges or difficulties. Competitive people never let themselves fall behind and are always resilient, retaining a drive to reinforce their positions. According to VOA’s 2021 report, a sense of competitiveness in people enhances perseverance and makes them less likely to give up when faced with setbacks.
Finally, being competitive is a way to be more outstanding. Obviously, the fact that one individual is competing and making every effort to achieve desired results goals is appealing and can impress others. In JOB ORG’s 2020 survey, 3 out of every 5 companies are amazed by highly competitive employees as they help promote productivity and create a professional work environment.
To conclude, competitiveness can be really beneficial in various prospects of life. Nonetheless, it is necessary that individuals find a balance so that they will not be overcompetitive, which can result in negative effects.

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Not all learning takes place in the classroom. Extracurricular activities are also very important.

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Not all learning takes place in the classroom. Extracurricular activities are also very important.

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Lessons are traditionally held in classrooms with a solemn atmosphere. However, people's perspectives have shifted, and it is now believed that not all learning takes place in the classroom. Personally, extracurricular activities provide several advantages.

For starters, extracurricular activities help students develop vital soft skills. Obviously, interacting with peers and participating in various cooperation activities helps students develop essential skills such as leadership, time management, and communication. According to a 2019 Oxford study, 80 percent of British high school students improved their problem-solving skills following a year of extracurricular classes.

Second, learning outside of the classroom allows students to put theory into practice. Without a doubt, in class, pupils simply absorb theories without understanding their practical applications. According to Dr.Waston's 2015 analysis from Stanford University, students who participate in outside applied chemistry sessions are likely to be able to apply their knowledge to daily chores.

Finally, extracurricular activities certainly increase the excitement for the learning environment. Changes in teaching methods and setting, without a doubt, attract more attention from students and infuse the atmosphere with excitement. In a 2021 Yonsei University survey, approximately 1,100 students agreed that more outdoor activities should be added to the school curriculum since they could absorb lectures better in a lively environment.

In conclusion, in addition to standard classes, it is beneficial to consider more extracurricular activities for students. Some changes to the school curriculum might provide students with a comfortable and helpful learning environment.

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“Societies that don’t respect and honor their women can never make progress”

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“Societies that don’t respect and honor their women can never make progress”

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In this era, there is no doubt that gender equality is not yet to be achieved all over the world. It is stated that “Societies that do not respect and honor their women can never make progress”. Personally, I am completely in accord with this statement for several reasons.

Firstly, females can wear many hats at the same time. Obviously, women play the main role in bringing life to the earth; they nurture and develop children into good citizens contributing to the future of a nation or the world. Brilliantly, they are mothers, wives, sisters, homemakers, office bearers,… at the same time. In 2019 study –HeForShe–carried out by The UN, 80% of the male participants who tried to replace their partners for one day did give up. According to The Vietnam Women’s survey this year, 3 out of every five people acknowledged that women provided firm support behind their hunsbands’ prosperous career.

Secondly, not only men but women can also shine in various fields. Differentiating women from the opposite sex based on their physical structure is insane since females can perform as well in many tasks as males with basic nescessity. As an illustration, CEO of Coco cola, Mother Teressa, First lady Michelle Obama are all successful women who have got admiration from others because of their own tremendous contribution to their fields. Statistically, in the last few year's Olympic tally for India, Women won 5-9 more medals than Man. If they can do this without the proper support from the world, just think what will they do if we give them respect and honour, which they deserve.
In conclusion, it cannot be denied that females are doing well in their fields and lives despite all challenges and obstacles. They will absolutely contribute a great deal to the societies if people respect, honor them more and treat them with more kindness and love.

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The production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal.

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The production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal.

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Undeniably, cigarette has become a very popular product on the market with a large number of consumers. However, it is urgent that cigarettes be banned from being produced and on sale for these bases.

First and foremost, abolishing cigarettes means saving people from various respiratory diseases. Undoubtedly, the smoke of cigarettes containing nicotine as well as a combination of many toxic additional chemicals can gradually damage the smokers’ respiratory system. Furthermore, even non-smokers inhaling this smoke are prone to suffering several health problems such as: lung cancer, Cardiovascular disease,… According to WHO’s analysis in 2017, 80% of pregnant women whose family members are smokers are likely to give birth to babies with weak lungs and low weight.

Secondly, the criminalization of cigarettes’ production and sale can save a great deal of money. Obviously, without the existence of cigarettes, people would not be addicted and the expenditure of money on cigarettes would be spent for other necessary activities. Besides, the decrease in the number of people having health problems as a result of smoking also reduces the amount of money spent on treatment. As stated by US Economic Center in 2020, healthcare costs for smokers and secondhand smokers in the USA had risen by 1 trillion dollars compared to 2019.

In short, there is no doubt that cigarette is a potential factor that can negatively affect human. Thus, it would be a great decision for government to put an end to this product for the sake of our lives.

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“Cooperation rather than competition should be encouraged among high-school students”. 

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“Cooperation rather than competition should be encouraged among high-school students”. 

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For a majority of parents, it is necessary to instill into children the sense of competition so that they are prepared for the competitiveness in adulthood. However, it is argued that “Cooperation rather than competition should be encouraged among high-school students”. Personally, I strongly agree with this argument for several bases.

First of all, collaboration among students fosters their acquisition of essential soft skills. Obviously, exposure to other peers as well as the process of working as a team equip students with invaluable social skills such as: leadership, communication skill, decision-making skill,…Dr. Joseph Heath from University of Toronto emphasized the importance of working cooperatively in enhancing the sense of confidence.

Secondly, cooperation helps students strengthen their relationships. Undoubtedly, if we lend a hand and support friends under necessary circumstances, they can be of great assistance when we have troubles. According to Tuoi tre news, being social and cooperative helps students have close circles of friends and they can, in some cases, learn from their peers’ experience and good examples.

Lastly, working collaboratively in a team gives students more productivity. It is hard for one to cope with everything himself, no matter how brilliant a student is, acting cooperatively in a teamwork is always the most effective method. As an illustration, comfortable atmosphere produced by this positive attitude and the efficiency of working as a team makes great success when doing projects, research,..

In summary, cooperation brings about necessary skills, better relationships and productivity. It is a good idea to train our cooperation and also some sense of competition so that we can get prepared for more lasting achievement.

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I was born a vibrant girl, I used to be absolutely self-confident and very active. I was just keen on playing and making friends during my initial years of elementary school, and I had no special passion. Then it was my mother, an English teacher, who instilled in me a passion for english. I began to pay more attention to English as soon as I entered secondary school, and it has been my favorite subject. When I was chosen for the English team in grade 8, I set a goal for myself to win a prize in the English gifted students examination. And I succeeded! In grade 9, I received a good grade on an English exam. I no longer had to study in the English team after the examination, and for the first time in my two years in the English team, I found that I would have no more days rolling in English. At that time I thought ,  "Will I stop studying English now?", “Don’t I have any huge ambitions for my future that keeps me occupied working hard to achieve them?” Fortunately, I discovered Khanh Vy, a former gifted English student, and began watching her videos about how she developed and achieved success in her career thanks to her expertise in English. I did discover my own ambition. Now I am an English gifted student, It is still my true, huge aim.  My ambition is to develop a successful future career based on my education and knowledge, to live a happy life and to make provision for my family. I have set my mind on mastering English and  plan to learn more languages in the future.I have a tremendous desire to make money from doing what I enjoy, which is working on languages.I also hope that one day I will be financially self-sufficient and able to make my parents proud of me.. Although I am still a long way from my dream, I am trying my best to improve myself day by day. I'll strive to be more self-assured, as I was as a child, and optimistic about my future.

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What are some advantages and disadvantages of reading a book in translation?

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What are some advantages and disadvantages of reading a book in translation?

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Internationalization has led to increasing demand on cultural exchange among countries. Undoubtedly, a good number of books and plays have been translated into various languages for people to enjoy. However, reading a translated work has both advantages and disadvantages.

It is worth reading a book in translation for several reasons. Firstly, people can save time with an already translated book. For most readers, it needs more time to understand other languages than their mother tongue. According to OSF, people tend to read 10 words in first language more than in foreign languages per minute without trying to guess confusing words or new structures. Secondly, reading books in translation breaks the linguistic barriers between countries. Obviously, with translation, linguistic barriers cannot prevent people from enjoying other countries’ great work. Moreover, when reading interesting translated books, readers tend to learn how some words are expressed in other languages.

Nevertheless, there remains disadvantages of reading books in translation. First of all, readers sometimes cannot experience the true voice of the author with translated books. There is no doubt that word for word translation is treacherous and various languages even do not share some words or idioms. As an illustration, it is suggested that if you want to read Les Misérables as it was intended to be read, it is better to learn French. Secondly, translations can be distorted sometimes. As some translators try to make the work suitable for readers, they can go too far and leave out several points. For instance, in the King James Version of the Bible, beauty of prose was sacrificed for sheer readability.

To summarize, readers can benefit from books in translation but sometimes there are drawbacks. It is suggested that people do research before deciding to buy a translated one.

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Some people say that Vietnamese Tet holiday should be celebrated at the same time as Western New Year holiday. Do you agree or disagree with the idea? 

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Some people say that Vietnamese Tet holiday should be celebrated at the same time as Western New Year holiday. Do you agree or disagree with the idea? 

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With the internationalization, a link between Vietnamese tradition and Western one has been established. Arguably, Vietnamese Tet holiday should be celebrated at the same time as Western New Year holiday. Personally, I strongly disagree with the idea for several bases.

First of all, Vietnamese Tet holiday should be held as usual to preserve long-standing tradition. As Vietnam is in the East Asian cultural sphere and Vietnamese have celebrated Tet according to lunar calendar for a long time, it will be a break with precious tradition if people change the way of celebrating Tet. Our ancestors did try to establish our own culture and tradition, so we are supposed to prevent them from being greatly influenced by others. According to The Cultures, preserving a country’s tradition helps strengthen neighborhoods and boost the country’s development. Therefore, Tet holiday is the factor making Vietnam outstanding, unique and different from other Western countries.

Secondly, Vietnamese’s celebrating New Year twice and focusing on Tet makes it even more enjoyable and exciting. Obviously, apart from having a short New Year holiday like many Western countries, Vietnamese celebrate bigger Lunar New Year. As a result, not only can people keep traditional Tet, but they also have time to experience New Year atmosphere all over the world. In a survey carried out by Bao moi, 89% of the Vietnamese students participating preferred our own way of celebrating Tet since they have chance to spend more time with family welcoming New Year twice rather than once as in many Western countries.

To sum up, Vietnamese should keep traditional celebration of Tet in honor of our ancestors as well as for more joy and excitement. Undoubtedly, we have to contemplate carefully before deciding to link some aspects of our culture and tradition to others.

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 Some people say that idols usually have strong influences on the development of youngsters’ character both positively and negatively. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? 

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 Some people say that idols usually have strong influences on the development of youngsters’ character both positively and negatively. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? 

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The entertainment industry is growing steadily and idols being greatly admired by the young is a common phenomenon. Such influences are considered both positive and negative for the development of youngsters’ character. Personally, I agree with this argument for three bases.

Firstly, youngsters take enormous inspiration from idols’ achievement. Each idol has certain talents and skills after a long and hard training period, which encourages admirers to do their best to reach targets, like what their idols have done. Take BLACKPINK as an example, I really admire Rose, who left her home, Australia, spent 4 years training in YG and never came home without debuting as an idol.

Secondly, idols’ scandals give lessons to the young. Obviously, most stars’ activities are publicized so youngsters sometimes see their idols’ mistakes. According to Newsen, fans can learn a lesson from T-ara’s situation that we had better consider our behavior and attitude towards one another tactfully so as not to cause controversial misunderstandings.

However, if youngsters do not think straightly, they are easily affected by bad examples of their idols. Undoubtedly, as long as the young are too attracted by the stars’ figures, they are lured from considering which actions of the idols are suitable. For instance, those showing great admiration for Seungri - BIGBANG associates the shortcut to fame with being playboys or rebellious.

In conclusion, idols’ influences bring about both advantages and disadvantages for the young. However, it most depends on youngsters whether to take in such negative aspects or not.

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Disadvantages of hop-on and hop-off bus tour?

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Disadvantages of hop-on and hop-off bus tour?

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Tourism is absolutely a potential economic factor of many countries with various kinds of tours. Recently, hop-on and hop-off bus tour is pretty popular and attracts a majority of tourists. However, bus tour like this has its own drawbacks.

Firstly, you sometimes waste time in the place you are not interested in. Since the decision is up to the driver, he can stop at certain places, which may not be your target destination. Moreover, even if you are allowed to give suggestion, it must be agreed by others. As a result, you may be keen on busy, crowded streets, but others would prefer peaceful ones.

Secondly, hop-on and hop-off tour is not a direct one. Obviously, unlike usual travel to a particular place, this bus tour tends to stop several times whenever there is a famous place. Therefore, some people may find it annoying as the tour can take much time. According to many London tourists experiencing this, you are likely to be carsick when getting on and getting off so many times.

Lastly, this kind of tour is prone to getting stuck in traffic jam. Undoubtedly, a touring bus has big size, about 2 times bigger than a car and 10 times bigger than a motorbike. Thus, with 2 buses like this, they can contribute to congestion or have difficulty moving smoothly. Imagine you are sitting on a bus and it is too big to make way through the traffic, there would be nothing kind of a day trip.

In short, hop-on and hop-off bus tour is a great choice to sightsee the cities, but sometimes it causes inconveniences. Hence, it is advisable that we consider tours carefully to choose the most suitable for ourselves.

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Internationalization leads to English being more and more popular around the globe. It is essential for people to be able to communicate well in English. These are several vital tips to become a good English speaker.

Firstly, it is ideal for an English speaker to be confident and fluent. Undoubtedly, speaking clearly with smiling face forms natural connection between two people and helps you put impression on the other. Statistically, 85% Western folks prefer fluency and accuracy in speaking so people can get the ideas better and have less misunderstanding when communicating.

Secondly, a good listener can be a perfect speaker. Obviously, people easily lose track of what others are saying because of their thinking what to say in reply; therefore, attentive ears would be appreciated. According to communication specialists, as you pay attention to what one is expressing, your brain functions on analyzing the topic so your response can stick to the point.

Lastly, another tip for this is to have background knowledge of the language. Absolutely, when you show enough understanding and information of English cultures, you will be more convincing and persuasive. As an illustration, getting insights into cultures of some English speaking countries helps you avoid offensive misunderstanding or crudeness in communicating.

To sum up, it is not too difficult to master your skills of English speaking as long as you practice them regularly. Thanks to those tips, my ability to communicate effectively in English has improved a lot.

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Is it important for teenagers to become independent? 

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Is it important for teenagers to become independent? 

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To manage one’s own life, it is obvious that one has to train certain vital characteristics. Today, teenagers in most countries are supposed to be kept from dependent life. They need to become independent for three bases.

Firstly, independence boosts self-esteem and confidence. When facing problems, completing tasks and so on those who rely on nobody can seek solutions and manage things themselves. Therefore, they are always ready and know what to do on facing challenges. For instance, as one does research on his own in a project, he is able to present his work fluently to all the class, remembering what he found and believing in its quality.

Secondly, self-sufficient teenagers are capable of caring for themselves and others. Undoubtedly, possessing this characteristic enables teens to fend for themselves if they are out of comfort zone. According to Oxford’s analysis, independence makes youngsters more mature; they have tried to do many things, get more insights into daily tough work so they know how to be responsible for parents and families,….

Lastly, being independent means that teenagers are mobile and active. With continual changes in life, it is necessary for teens to be self-reliant so as not to be bound to current circumstances and to fit in any situations. For instances, most students in western countries were prepared for independent life so they are able to alter their life and future for the better whenever undergoing changes.

In short, independence obviously benefits teens in various aspects. It is essential that teenagers try to live independently to improve themselves day by day.

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Qualities of a perfect life partner for women.

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Qualities of a perfect life partner for women.

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Undeniably, getting married is not something that we can take lightly. Therefore, it is important for people, especially women, to consider if they have chosen suitable partners to tie the knot. From my perspectives, an ideal husband possesses these qualities.

First of all, it is extremely crucial for a man to be faithful to his wife.  Obviously, loyalty makes a man not distracted or flirting with other women, so he only has eyes for his spouse and spends all his time with family. According to Gia dinh news, being faithful in a marriage creates strong belief between two people and makes them more relaxed, more fulfilled.

Secondly, a determined husband is also an attractive one. As men are usually considered breadwinners in every family, it is essential that they are strong-minded enough to make such tough decisions related to the family. Also, for instance, a man of decision is more likely to perform well in his career path so he can take great responsibility for his family’s financial situations.

Finally, another critical quality of a husband is considerateness and thoughtfulness. Undoubtedly, women getting married means that they expect to have someone to turn to, so it is great that their spouses are sympathetic and attentive to their feelings. Take modern families as an example, both spouses share the homework; man today have to take care of children, do the chores, ... to help their partners.

To summarize, finding a life partner cannot be done on the spur of the moment. Thus, it is advisable that women think straightly to choose a perfect spouse.

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Some people believe that in the future, with the aid of translation tools, we will no longer have to learn foreign languages. From your experience, in about 200-250 words, write an essay presenting your view on the statement.

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Some people believe that in the future, with the aid of translation tools, we will no longer have to learn foreign languages. From your experience, in about 200-250 words, write an essay presenting your view on the statement.

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In this modern age, the advent of information technology has brought about various useful apps and tools for language learners. Undeniably, translation tools, a result of IT, are becoming more and more popular. However, personally, having the aid of these tools does not mean that we stop learning foreign languages.

Firstly, translation tools do not always provide us with appropriate interpretation. Obviously, technologies sometimes make mistakes and having no knowledge of the target languages causes us having no idea whether the results the tools send out are right or not. Take Google translation as an example, 60% of its explanations are unsuitable and include grammatical errors needed to be considered before use.

Secondly, dependence on translation tools limits people’s getting close. Undoubtedly, the purpose of learning languages is to communicate and get to know each other well. Translation tools can be such hindrance leading to no actual interaction among people. According to Global Cultures, learning foreign languages means getting more understanding of their cultures, which establishes connection among people around the world.

Lastly, these tools may not be accessible to everyone in the world. Nowadays, many people cannot afford technologies or their areas do not have the proper infrastructure to use such high-tech apps. For instance, only 40% of mountainous areas in Vietnam are provided with the aid of technologies so the only way for residents to approach new languages is to learn them day by day.

To sum up, it is obvious that several problems can arise if we stop learning foreign languages. I think people all over the world should continue taking in knowledge of foreign languages to benefit from various fantastic aspects.

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Should computer games be banned among teenagers?

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Should computer games be banned among teenagers?

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With their potential negative effects on teens, many people think computer games should be done away with. However, it does not mean that computer games are completely harmful. They should not be banned for these advantages.

Firstly, computer games, if played moderately, are great means of entertainment. With the development of technology, various interesting as well as unique games can give you brilliant experience in the virtual world and refresh your mind. As an illustration, Hay Day provides you with fascinating experience as a farmer, which helps you relax with the virtual countryside.

Secondly, it is obvious that play computer games means training your quick reflexes. Undoubtedly, when you play games, the combination of eyes, hands and ears is required; Therefore, if teenagers sometimes play computer games, they are more flexible and have good typing skill. According to Oxford’s analysis, playing computer games in appropriate ways is an ideal approach to boost typing speed.

Lastly, those who are talented enough and able to create their own games can even make money. Obviously, more and more young people are capable of designing new games based on experience they had through playing games, which is a potential prospect in their future career. Moreover, for instance, E-sports winners in China are granted awards worth even 50% more than in other fields.

To summarize,  it can be seen that apart from negative aspects, computer games can be of great help as long as we take good advantage of them. Teenagers should be encouraged to play computer games appropriately in the future to benefit from positive sides.

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Good books are good friends and good teachers.

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Good books are good friends and good teachers.

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The development of technology leads to the advent of many means of media, electric tools, … providing people with convenience in finding information and getting knowledge. However, good books always play important role in our daily life, especially as our good friends and good teachers for several bases.

First, books consisting of various emotions, stories with positive aspects are undoubtedly people’s great companions. According to several analyses, when we read, our brains tend to be overwhelmed with what are going on in the stories, writings, … Therefore, if we throw our mind into what the authors wrote, it is like they share with us their stories, give us advice, ... Wander around suitable books at a particular time and we can sometimes find their emotions similar to ours, like friends sharing with each other everything. As an illustration, “Hat giong tam hon” is a very popular series written by many authors, which includes stories about various aspects of life and provide readers with moral lessons as well as sympathy, just like a truthful and brilliant partner.

Second, with a large amount of invaluable and useful knowledge good books bring about, they are also our great instructors. Obviously, such qualified books require a process of doing research and selecting appropriate information to be finished so readers can turn to them for thorough knowledge of something. Besides, books are great sources of materials in many fields and it is proven that lots of contents that do not exist on the internet can be found in books. Moreover, writings in books are likely to last longer and easy to be found whenever we want. Take this as an example, “Thinking, Fast and Slow” written by Nobel Prize winner, Daniel Kahneman, and mathematical psychologist, Amos Tverskyby can give economics students more insight into this subject.

To sum up, it is undeniable that books are of great value in our life with several advantages. It is advisable that more and more people take up reading as a habit to benefit from those brilliant things.

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My mom always tells me that it is worth having a diary to record every moment of my life and when i look back, it will be my process of maturity. However, i admit that i take not too much interest in it. Until recently, i have faced a lot of stress so i decide to write something about my problems with a view to releasing such negative feelings. As a child, i had no special love for English, actually, i was not interested in it. It was my mom - an English teacher gave me more understanding of this lovely language. Then it was not until i reached grade 8, being part of English Gifted team, that i started to have serious attitude towards learning English. Of course, i was rather disoriented at first, not being on top, sometimes having bad marks, but eventually i could reach my own target there. Having never attended any extra classes and having no exact experience of studying at English Centre, i would say, with no arrogance, i did make every effort and try very hard. When i knew that i passed the examination to the only Gifted high school in my province, i was overwhelmed with happiness and pride. Nevertheless, i began to face several other problems. At the start of the school-year, i applied for 2 clubs at school to make myself more confident and energetic. It came as such a terrible shock to me that i was accepted by neither of them. Everything would be all right if it was not the fact that most of my friends were accepted and had clubs to join in but me none. I did not mean to be envious of them, i just felt so depressed as it seemed that i had no talents. Then i decided that i had to pay more attention to studying. However, things never seemed so simple. I burnt the candle at both ends, trying to brush up on everything. As a result, my brain began to function wrongly since there were too many things to keep up with. It dawned on me that my schedule was not very effective because cramming too much just made it hard for me to concentrate in class. I did not perform very well in exams recently, even in English tests. I know that i can not lay the blame on anyone or anything but myself. My friends advised me to be optimistic and i have tried a lot but each time i fail something, lots of complex feelings and thought occur to me. I do want to get rid of thinking about failure, but the point is since i started high school, my parents have done their best to provide me with many devices supporting my study. They have never put pressure on me but i myself find that with all those assistance, i have to do well enough at school, at least to make them proud. Therefore, when i feel that i have no special and outstanding talents or at least kind of good marks in some subjects to differ from others, it is hard to express. After all, i just have myself to blame so i decide to try my best one more time. It is better do something than nothing. Hope oneday i see this and find myself mature a lot.

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Is it important for teenagers to be independent?

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Is it important for teenagers to be independent?

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From my perspective, with the development in many aspects of life, it is essential for people, especially the young, to make some change. During this age, independence is a very necessary characteristic that teenagers need to have for these bases.
To begin with, independence boosts a teen's self-esteem and confidence. Independent teenagers are always confident while facing issues since they know how to do things on their own. Since teenagers are self-sufficient, they try to seek solutions to all problems rather than relying on others. When a class is asked to conduct research, for example, individuals who conduct the study themselves are better able to present the results since they did it themselves and believe in what they are doing.
Second, being independent makes teenagers physically capable of caring for themselves and others. Many countries, understandably, place a high priority on fostering youth independence so that they can fend for themselves no matter what happens.Take me for example, I have to stay away from home because my school is far away, thus I must be self-sufficient enough to take care of myself outside of my comfort zone. Furthermore, being independent implies that teenagers feel responsibility for their families, friends, and so on, and pay greater attention to how others are feeling.
Finally, it makes youngsters mobile rather than confined within their community. With the continual rise in living standards in today's world,  it is obvious that teenagers gradually get used to being independent so that they can fit in any situations. This means that teenagers are able to freely act, move, and operate as further as they want. they are not bound to their current circumstances, but can alter their future for the better.

In summary, confidence, self-care and flexibility are all the advantages that independent teenagers can benefit from. It is important that this characteristic be continued and become more and more common among youngsters.

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Corporal punishment's effects on children.

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Corporal punishment's effects on children.

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According to many parents, corporal punishment is the most effective way to change their children's behaviour. However, there are several potential negative effects on children it has brought about.
First of all, corporal punishment results in long-term harm both physically and mentally on children. Obviously, as children are not able to think properly, they may consider the punishment as an offence. As a result, they tend to respond with aggression. If they are punished this way so often, children are affected by various problems like: loss of attention, depression, stress and anxiety. It can be seen that corporal punishment leaves children nothing but hurt and mental  illness.
Secondly, children may feel like they are in unsafe environment if they receive this kind of punishment. The American Academy of Pediatrics states that corporal punishment contributes to violent and disruptive behaviors in children so kids are more likely to hit other people as a method of circumstance to get their way. Consequently, the risk of physical abuse within the classroom, at home, and even in public situations is raised. Due to the use of corporal punishment, children are signaled that this is the best way to solve problems and conflict, which is why they turn to this behavior when they need something.
Lastly, the educational process of children is also affected by corporal punishment. As children suffer greatly from mental illness and the feeling of unsafety as a result of this punishment, they have no mind for anything, especially studying. If they are punished just because they make some mistakes in the tests, studying will become even more of an "opponent". Research into corporal punishment has shown that it has such negative effect on the efficiency of work that it has been banned in military training and prisons in the United States. Even animals are protected from this type of punishment in all 50 states.
To summarize, it is time to get rid of corporal punishment since it does bring about few advantages and even cause harmful effects on children.

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As we all know, there is a fixed retirement age that was set in a majority of jobs throughout the world. And what i want to say is that it is time to retire it. Why? Because of several following bases.
First, what if some people can only live on small wage from their work? Apart from those who have good work and family to turn to when they get old and retired, there are lots of homeless people, those living alone and all that they have is just a little money they put aside day by day from their wage. If they have to retire when they are of the retirement age, how can they live? Who can take care of them? Nowadays, there are thousands of seventies in Vietnam find their only livelihood is from their daily wage so they have to keep working to "survive" until they are too weak to continue.
Second, a brilliant thing is that many people consider their work as an interest, a hobby, something from which they can find fun and satisfaction. Most of us regard retirement as the time we relax, take care of ourselves. Ye, that's right, but i am sure it can not be completely relaxing just sitting all day or wandering around your house, sometimes just enjoying can not make your day. A lot of people find being asorbed in their work great. Not only do they get fun from doing the work they love but it can also maintain their good health at old ages. Therefore, we have no right to stop them from enjoying their own interest.
Lastly, retirement age results in less experienced resources in work. The more people work in their fields, the more knowledge and experience they get. They use their experience to contribute to their work and can help develop an organization, a company, ect... However, a lot of them have to retire when they reach retirement age, even when they are still in good health and willing to dedicate more to their work. As a result, the organizations, companies,...they work for lose such reliable and experienced employees and colleagues. It may be OK if some potential younger people take on their place but i am sure those young people can not perform as well as them. So why they have to leave their work while they can stay longer and even desire to do so?
After all, what i want to emphasize that retirement age should no longer be kept so that peolple can decide their own choices of time to retire.

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This is not such a new subject and i am sure many of you are sometimes hard to make decision about this. I don't know what is your choice but i myself feel like spending vacations with my family. Know why? Sometimes we may find that travelling, hanging out and having a lot of fun with our friends is great, i used to think so. Then it dawned on me that it's even more meaningful for my family to get together. I realize that the more we grow up, the less time that we are with our family. Every day teens of our age spend most of time studying, being at school. When we get home, we have meals and then take a rest. We nearly do not have time to talk to our parents or help them with household chores as much as we did. Like me, and also some friends of my friends, we have to live far from home, come out of comfort zone. Although i can spend weekend at home but it is too short for me. I cannot help my parents with homework everyday, share with my mom how i feel after each school day as much as i did. Since i live far from home, i realize the time i spend with family members is very precious. Then as we grow up, we are overwhelmed with work, the time we spend for family is lessened day by day. So why not try to spend time with family when it is possible. You can meet your friends every day, can work with your peers every day, but i am sure it is rare to spend entire day with family. Therefore, vacation is such a great time to compensate for the time you are away from home. Spend it on doing somethings simple but special with family, may be a talk, going for a walk together, travelling to somewhere to refresh your mind,...it is so wonderful. I do not mean you can not spend time with your friends. What i do mean is that you have a lot of chances to make date with your peers, right? But you should take advantage of the time your grandparents, your parents are in good health, your family has all members,... to stay with them.

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Traveling by bus - Reduction in pollution and traffic jam in big cities. Agree or not?

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Traveling by bus - Reduction in pollution and traffic jam in big cities. Agree or not?

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From my perspective, i agree with the idea that travelling by bus will help to reduce pollution and traffic jam in cities because of these bases. First of all, it is proved that travelling by bus can lessen the traffic jam. Statistically, one bus can replace a minimum of 30 cars. Therefore, if more people travel by bus, the number of private vehicles will decrease and then people do not have to experience traffic jam so often. Secondly, as the number of cars decrease, the pollution can be reduced. Obviously, the excessive number of cars coming into a city gives off lots of exhaust gases that are damaging air quality. Thus, encouraging people to travel by bus means preventing and lessening the air pollution. Lastly, another benefit of travelling by bus is that it can reduce noise pollution. Undoubtedly, 50 cars contribute to the amount of noise that is louder and more annoying than that of a bus with 50 people on it. As you can see, travellling by bus means limiting the flow of private cars and then drivers do not have to use the horns so often to make their way. To sum up, all above reasons make travelling by bus helpful and need to be operated.

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Modern people, especially teens, are too much reliant on TECHNOLOGY?

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Modern people, especially teens, are too much reliant on TECHNOLOGY?

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In this 4.0 age, people benefit a lot from such devices, conveniences,... technology bring about. However, we can yet say technology is completely useful or good. Surprise? But it is the fact that humans are now dependent on technology too much.
This can be seen in the way they communicate. Without technology, people used to communicate through letters, postcards for long distance and for short distance, they tended to talk face-to-face with each other. With the presence of phones, internet,..., almost every communication activity is prefered to be done online. It may sound strange since you think they provide people with convenience, but believe me, it may be alright if people do not even communicate through  phones,... while it only takes them 5 minutes' walk to talk face-to-face. As a result, people can not benefit greatly from effective direct communication. Another side, for instance, many people no longer memorize phone numbers because their cell phones have a wonderful contact list which makes that memorization unnecessary. If these people didn’t have their cell phones in an emergency, they would not be able to contact the people they would need.
The second matter is that teens today tend to turn too much to technology for almost everything, every task,.. they have to do. Technology has provided them with lots of convenience as they only have to do some searching, have some click and then they get full key for their homework. Finding that useful, they are likely to complete their work, their projects,... by searching the internet, even without managing to do those themselves in the first place. What they can get as a result is the reduction in creativity and soft skills. Most high school students are even unable to perform math functions without the ease of a calculator. They could do it eventually, but they would complain about not having a calculator the entire time while doing it.
You are sure to feel that my opinion is hard to accept, but you can never deny that putting our reliance on technology is completely a good choice.

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SCHOOL VIOLENCE - Where its roots are laid?

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SCHOOL VIOLENCE - Where its roots are laid?

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Have you witnessed school violence?  Do you have friends, siblings,... who did get involved in it? Have you ever wondered why such this violent issue, which is likely to happen among adults, even "attacks" school environment? It's time to address these factors that result in school violence.
First of all, negative media content might lead to this problem. Children, understandably, use the media for enjoyment, but they are not yet old enough to select appropriate content. As they are likely to watch video games, action movies, read posts and status having negative messages, they tend to get damaging impact and misbehave at school. Also, another negative effect, new Pew Research Center survey finds that 59% of U.S. teens have personally experienced at least one of six types of abusive online behaviors.
Secondly, home environment is another cause contributing to the formation of school violence. Without a doubt, children are profoundly influnced by their family, their character and behaviour are formed in the same way that the relationship among family members is formed. Gerald Patterson's social interactional model associates the development of aggressive behaviours with the fact of being punished corporally or the fact of witnessing parents' arguments so often.
Last but not least, the fact of being bullied previously is a contributing factor in school violence. Since students have been bullied and picked on, they tend to be more and more frustrated and want others to take revenge on those students. Besides, they also want others to experience such hard situations like they do and start bullying their peers to feel powerful.
To cut a long story short, it is obvious that this violent issue has reached alarming level and it's time all of us kicked in and address this problem to find out proper solutions.