# data[].attributes.body
C. List three ideas for each category below. Then share your ideas with a partner.

1. sharks, octopus, eel
2. boats, submarines, canoes
3. flu, diabetes, Covid-19

D. You are going to read an article about deep-sea exploration. Why do you think it might be useful to explore the deepest parts of the oceans? Work with a partner and list some ideas. Then read the passage to see which of your ideas are mentioned.

My list:
• Find new species
• Find out the sea level rose
• Find out the ocean temperature changes.

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A. Yes, but at the same time no, because there’s a lot of new species we would find that we know anything about them and could be a dangerous adventure

B. The challenges of exploring both are similar because its an adjustment to how we breath in both places. For example, we will have to breath either with an oxygen tank or a suit.

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A. - The people in the photo are underwater. I think they can learn from exploring a place like this, new underwater species and hidden lands that were once above water.

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C. The author asked if there are other planets like Earth and could human live there one day. I think yes, there may be other planets like Earth and maybe in the future human could live there one day.

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- I think space is more interesting cause there more planets not yet discover.
- Is more useful to explore the space because we could find life in other planets or even
planets suitable for us humans to live in.

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C. List three ideas for each category below. Then share your ideas with a partner.

1. whales, dolphins and sharks
2. boats, submarines and jet ski
3. cold, ear infection and influenza

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A. Would you like to explore underwater caves. Why or why not? Note your ideas below. Then discuss with a partner.

No, I think it would give me claustrophobia, I have a lot of respect for the sea and although it could be an interesting adventure I don't think I would dare.

B. How are the challenges of exploring underwater similar to the challenge of exploring space? Note your ideas below. Then discuss with a partner.

Both are immense places and it would take us years to discover them.

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A. Look at the photo and read the caption. Where are the people? What do you think they can learn from exploring a place like this? Discuss your ideas with a partner.

The people are in a cave under the sea.  I think that if they can learn too much, find things that they have never seen and much more.

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C. Read the first paragraph of the reading on pages 133-134. What two questions does the author ask? What do you think the answers to these questions are? Discuss your ideas with a partner.

The questions that the author asks are if there would be other planets like the earth and if humans could live there.  I think that if there are other planets like the earth, space is too big to know and therefore I think so.  As for whether we could live there, I also think that even if it existed it was more than 100 light years away, which we would die trying.

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B. Answer the questions below with a partner. Use the diagram at the bottom of the page to help.

1. Biggest planet is Jupiter.
2. Venus is closer to the Sun.
3. I think that being very far from the sun it is impossible for the conditions to be right for someone to survive.

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1. I think the ocean is more interesting because it is only discovered more than 5%, I just imagine all the things that must exist down there.

2. I think it would be more useful to explore space because we would know if there is life beyond us, if there are other planets where we could live and many other things.

# data[].attributes.body
. What are three things that al-Jazari and Ada Lovelace have in common? Write your ideas below. Then discuss with a partner.

1- Both are inventors

2-Were great contributors to the present day

3- Both worked with a machine

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Page - 121

B- List three ideas for each category below. Then share your ideas with a partner.

1- Birthday, New Year’s, Christmas

2- Job opportunities, communicate with others, learn a new language

3- Albert Einstein, Isaac Newton, Louis Pasteur

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2- Which of the people in activity do you think made the most useful discoveries? Why?  Discuss with a partner

I think Abbas ibn Firnas made the most successful discovery because nowadays we use airplanes to travel around the world.

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A- Look at the title of the video. The phrase “Golden Age” is used to talk about times in history when people achieved great things. What period in your country’s history could be described as a “Golden Age”? Discuss with a partner.

- In my country, Puerto Rico, a golden age is described as the companies that have provided help to all citizens, such as job opportunities and medicines.

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Note answer to the questions below. Then discuss with a partner.

The author opinion about al-Jazari is that he know to be the greatest engineer in history.

The author evidence  thata he used to support  the opinion is that the book thata  al-Jazari wrote describes numbers machines of all shapes and sizes that we still use today.

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A. List three ideas for each category below. Then share your ideas with a partner.

1- life jacket, boats, jet ski

2- trash, sheets, Salt

3- cars, motorboats, boats

4- Frida calo, Da Vinche, Picasso

B. Read the first paragraph of the reading passage on pages 115-116.

The author was talking about the invention of the clock and how impressive it is. In my opinion it is a beautiful invention and helps keep you on time.

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Think and Discuss

Make a list of items and devices that you use everyday

Ipad

Computer

TV

Cellphone

Clothe

Car

Bed

Do you know who invented any of the thing on your list?

I really don’t Know exactly.

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D. What are three things that al-Jazari and Ada Lovelace have in common? Write your ideas below. Then discuss with a partner.

They are inventors, they worked with a machine and contributed to the present.

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C. Note answers to the questions below. Then discuss with a partner.

1. The adjective used by the author was “brilliant”.
2. The phrase the author used at the end of the reading to describe his opinion is that Ada Lovelace remains a role model for young women around the world.
3. The evidence the author gives to support his opinion is that his notes described a step-by-step calculation that the analytic engine could perform.

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B. List three ideas for each category below. Then share your ideas with a partner.

1. New Year’s Eve, Christmas, Three Kings’ Day
2. English is the most used language, it will make you a bilingual person, it will be easier for them to employ you in any country.
3. Albert Einstein, Marie Curie, Charles Darwin.

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B. Which of the people in activity A do you think made the most useful discoveries? Why? Discuss with a partner.

For me Abbas ibn Firnas made the most useful discovery because we can know all the countries and cultures that we want.

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A. Look at the title of the video. The phrase Golden Age is used to talk about times in history when people achieved great things. What period in your country’s history could be described as a Golden Age? Discuss with a partner.

1983 – Martín Luther King was an activist for the civil rights of the Amafi-American people

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C. Note answers to the questions below. Then discuss with a partner.
1. He is one of the best engineers in history
2. Your book

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D. Read the first paragraph of the reading passage on pages 115-116. What invention does it describe? Why does the author describe the invention as “amazing”? Note your ideas below. Then discuss with a partner.

Describe an amazing watch. He describes the clock in that way since every half hour something amazing happened, the models of birds, dragons and even people began to move.

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1. Make a list of items and devices that you use every dar

The telephone, the television, the microwave, the hearing aids and the light.

2. Do you know who invented any of the things on your list?

I honestly don’t know who invented any.

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D. Note answers to the questions below. Then discuss with a partner.

1. How do the Duke Lemur Center and Joel Sartore help to save endangered species?

Duke Lemur Center

- They take care of baby lemurs

Joel Sartore

- He saves endangered species by taking photos and published them because in this way people can see how they live and care about the problems.

2. Which approach do you think is more useful in terms of saving animals?

I think the Duke Lemur Center’s approach is more useful because they are directly taking care of the lemur and studying so they can now how to preserve their specie.

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A.   Note answers to the questions below. Then share your ideas with a partner.

1. Which animals do you care about the most? Why? I could not say which animal matters more to me since I feel that everyone matters to me, everyone feels and suffers like us

2. What animals do you know about that have disappeared forever? The dinosaurs

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A. What does Chris Smith mean when he says, “When you look into a lemur’s eyes, you can tell that they’re looking back”? Note your ideas below. Then discuss with a partner

What Chris Smith meant was that lemurs know your presence, they have a conscience of their own.

B. Which animal would you like to help more: lemurs or sea turtles? Why? Complete the sentence below with your own ideas, and then compare with a partner.

I would like to help sea turtles because we live on an island and we have many beaches where sea turtles could lay their nests without anyone harming them

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A. Look at the photo on this page and the one on page 100. What do you know about these animals? How would you describe them? Discuss with a partner.

I know absolutely nothing about this animal

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C. Find and underline information on pages 95-96 that describes two effects of climate change on sea turtles. Then complete the flow chart. Check your answers with a partner.

- Rising sea level > flooding on beach areas > turtle nests and eggs are destroyed.

- Warmer sand > affects the eggs in turtles nests > not enough males turtles are born.

# data[].attributes.body
1.     How do the Duke Lemur Center and Joel Sartore help to save endangered species?

Duke Lemur Center
The people at the center study and take care of lemurs to protect their population.

Joel Sartore
Joel artore saves endangered species taking photos and published them because in this way people can see how they live and care about the problems.

2.     Which approach do you think is more useful in terms of saving animals?

-       I think the Duke Lemur Center’s approach is more useful because they are directly taking care of the lemur and studying so they can now how to preserve their specie.

# data[].attributes.headline
Then share your ideas with a partner. Page - 101

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Then share your ideas with a partner. Page - 101

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1- Which animals do you care about the most? Why?

The animal that I care about is my dog his name is Logan . Because he makes me happy.

2- What animals do you know about that have disappeared forever?

The animal that I know that disappeared is the Mammut and the big turtle.

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A. What does Chris Smith mean when he says, “When you look into a lemur’s eyes, you can tell that they’re looking back?

1. I think he means that they have a relative sense as if they have known you forever.

B. Which animal would you like to help more: lemurs or sea turtles? Why? Complete the sentence below with your own ideas, and then compare with a partner.

1. I would like to help more lemurs because they are more critically endangered than the sea turtles.

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A. List three ideas for each category below. Then share your ideas with a partner.

1. Three countries with a population of under 10 million – Nauru (Micronesia), Tuvalu (Polynesia) and Monaco (Europe)

2. Three animals that like to live in cool places - Polar bear, seal and whales

3. Three things that are rising in yogur country - Gasoline, transportation and food

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A. Look at the photo on this page and the one on page 100. Winj: do you know a bout

these an mals? How would you describe them? Discuss with a partner.

For me these two animals are very tender. The one on page 100 is smaller than the one on page 99. Some people keep them as pets. In summary is what I know about these animals.

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1. three countries with a population of under 10 million

- Monaco

- St. Kitts

- Vatican City

2. three animals that like to live in cool places

- Polar bears

- Penguins

- Harp Seal

3. three things that are rising in your country

- gasoline

- taxes

- pollution

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1- Which of the world's animals are disappearing? Why are they disappearing?

- There are many animals in danger of extinction. These are the polar bear, the elephants, the turtles, the rhinoceroses among others. These are about to become extinct due to global warming, hunting, pollution among others. Animals such as the rhinoceros, elephant and tortoise are animals that look for their horns and shell to make clothes or simply sell them. Elephants also take a long time to reproduce since a human being is 9 months old and an elephant is more than a year old.

2 - What can people do to help save animals in danger?

- Human beings can help in many ways, first stop littering. Second avoid clandestine hunting. Third leave them in their natural habitat.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Which of the world’s animals are disappearing? Why are they disappearing?
Some of the animals that are disappearing are the polar bear, the white rhinoceros and the panda bear. They are disappearing because they are killed, or their hábitat is destroyed, and also because of the pollution of the planet as it affects them.

2. What can people do to help save animals in danger?
They can recycle, not throw garbage in their habitats and not destroy them, much less threaten their lives.

# data[].attributes.body
How often do you do these activities (1-4)?
1. travel alone:
- I don’t like to be alone.
2. speak in front of large groups:
- I never speak in front of large groups.
3. talk to strangers at parties:
- I don’t talk to strangers at parties.
4. study for a test at the last minute:
- I have to study for a test at the last minute.

# data[].attributes.body
Which person takes the biggest risks? Why do you think so?
§ Daron Rahlves
§ Brian Skerry
§ Ashima Shiraishi
§ Brady Barr
takes the biggest risks because: She don’t use any type of protection to climb the mountains.

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B. List three ideas for each category below.

1-three sports in which you need to be strong three countries
- struggle
- Kayak
- gymnastics
2-that are close to your country
- República Dominicana
- United States
- Cuba
3-three animals that are about the size of a small car
- Cow
- Horse
- Hippopotamus

C. What do the two people in the Passage do? What is risky about these activities?

- In the 2 photographs we can see Ashima Shiraishi who is dedicated to rock climbing and the risk of this sport is that she can injure herself if she does not use protection that from what we can see she does not use it and she can also fall. In the other photo we see Brian Skerry's who is dedicated to taking pictures underwater, the risks of this profession or passion are that he could be attacked by some animal as well as his tank could run out of oxygen. This is my view point.

# data[].attributes.body
Would you like to work with dangerous animals?
-  Personally, I would not like to work with dangerous animals. Since he would have to harm them and take them out of their habitat to put them in captivity, even though they are spacious, they are not still in their natural habitat. Not being in their "home" they tend to get more aggressive and will have to medicate so they don't hurt me. On the other hand, I would like to learn about them from afar.

In your opinion. what kind of risk-taker is Brady Barr?
§ a thrill seeker
§ Dan everyday risk-taker
§ The profesional risk-taker
§ a goal-driven risk-taker

# data[].attributes.body
Nile crocodiles:
- can be about as long as 6 meters humans lying end to end
- can weigh around 730kg times more than an average human male - can cat about 365. kg of food in one meal

# data[].attributes.body
1. Think of a time when you took a risk. What type of risk was it. social, financial, career, or something else?
Complete the sentence below.
- I took a job risk when I was very afraid to send my resume for not having experience.

2. Why did you take the risk? How did you feel afterwards?
- I took the risk to teach myself that nothing could stop me from not having experience. We all started without experience and I risked rejection or acceptance and it went very well. It turns out that taking risks is not so bad and I was very happy to do it.

# data[].attributes.body
1- Do you have a goal for learning English? What is it?
That if I have a goal to speak English, of course I have it. Since learning and mastering the English language I can communicate with many more people. And since I like to travel and get to know new cultures, it benefits me to learn English. They wouldn't be lost and I could ask if I'm lost. In addition, English is one of the languages that many people know, in other words, I can always communicate with people of different nationalities. For this reason I want to learn English

2- When was the last time you felt afraid? Why did you feel this way?
I have felt fear at various times but they say that fear is not bad, just a sense of being alert to dangers. I felt scared walking down the street alone since I'm a woman and every time a man sees you alone they start beeping and making unnecessary comments. Another moment in which I felt afraid was when I got lost in the United States because I got distracted and did not know how to speak English. I just sat in a corner waiting for someone to look for me and a very strange man asked me if I was alone. I answered no, but my heart was at a thousand. And this was the reason why I was afraid.

3- Would you like to try any dangerous activities? If yes, which ones?
Well, I would like to do many dangerous activities such as parachuting, bungi jumping, but in a certain way it scares me a lot. Another thing that I would like to have would be to have a motorboat but it also scares me a lot because of accidents. If it were said that nothing would happen to me I would be calm but hehe there are many things that can happen to you just by living an experience. For now I stick with the roller coasters since I have the same adrenaline rush and they give me more peace of mind.

# data[].attributes.body
B. List three ideas for each category below. Then share your ideas with a partner.

1. Three sports in which you need to be strong (boxing, ice hockey, football)

2. Three countries that are close to your country (Dominican Republic, Haiti, Cuba)

3. Three animals that are about the size of a small car (crocodile, polar bear, horse)

C. Read the title and look at the photos on pages 84-85. What do the two people in the passage do? What is risky about these activities? Discuss with a partner.

- The person in the first photo is climbing and the person in the second photo is diving. When climbing you are at risk of falling and when diving you are at risk of drowning and getting hurt by an animal.

# data[].attributes.body
A. Would you like to work with dangerous animals? Why or why not? Discuss with a partner

- I don’t think so, I’m a bit scared for that although it would be an incredible experience.

B. Think about the types of risk-takers you read about on pages 77-78. In your opinion, what kind of risk-taker is Brady Barr? Check more than one option if necessary. Discuss your answer with a partner.

- A thrill seeker

- A professional risk-taker

- An everyday risk-taker

# data[].attributes.headline
C. Read the information. Complete the notes with your ideas. Then share with a partner (pag.81)

# data[].attributes.subject
C. Read the information. Complete the notes with your ideas. Then share with a partner (pag.81)

# data[].attributes.body
Nile crocodiles:

- Can be about as long as 6 meters humans lying end to end.

- Can weigh around 730 kg times more than an average human male

- Can eat about 365 kg of food in one meal

# data[].attributes.headline
D. Note answers to the questions below. Then discuss with a partner (pag. 79)

# data[].attributes.subject
D. Note answers to the questions below. Then discuss with a partner (pag. 79)

# data[].attributes.body
1. Think of a time when you took a risk. What type of risk was it: social, financial, career, or something else? Complete the sentence below.

- I took a risk the day I decided to go on a trip, it was a financial risk.

2. Why did you take the risk? How did you feel afterwards?
- I took a risk because it was something I wanted a long time ago and they are things that sometimes one has to do, we take very nice memories with us and that is what matters.

# data[].attributes.headline
B. Note answers to the questions below. Then share your ideas with a partner (pag.76)

# data[].attributes.subject
B. Note answers to the questions below. Then share your ideas with a partner (pag.76)

# data[].attributes.body
1. Do you have a goal for learning English? What is it?
- Speak it fluently, write it and understand it much better.

2. When was the last time you felt afraid? Why did you feel this way?
- About a month ago, I think I felt this way because of the stress of the university, having too much work, I felt that I couldn’t handle everything, I wanted to drop out because I felt that what I was studying was not for me.

3. Would you like to try any dangerous activities?
- If yes, which ones? Yes, I would like to parachute although I am afraid of heights, I would also like to climb and ski in the snow.

# data[].attributes.headline
Note Answers to the questions below. Then Share yogur ideas with a partner. ( page - 76) 

# data[].attributes.subject
Note Answers to the questions below. Then Share yogur ideas with a partner. ( page - 76) 

# data[].attributes.body
1. Do you have a goal for learning English? What is it?

That if I have a goal to speak English, of course I have it. Since learning and mastering the English language I can communicate with many more people. And since I like to travel and get to know new cultures, it benefits me to learn English. They wouldn't be lost and I could ask if I'm lost. In addition, English is one of the languages ​​that many people know, in other words, I can always communicate with people of different nationalities. For this reason I want to learn English

2. When was the last time you felt afraid? Why did you feel this way?

I have felt fear at various times but they say that fear is not bad, just a sense of being alert to dangers. I felt scared walking down the street alone since I'm a woman and every time a man sees you alone they start beeping and making unnecessary comments. Another moment in which I felt afraid was when I got lost in the United States because I got distracted and did not know how to speak English. I just sat in a corner waiting for someone to look for me and a very strange man asked me if I was alone. I answered no, but my heart was at a thousand. And this was the reason why I was afraid.

3. Would you like to try any dangerous activities? If yes, which ones?

Well, I would like to do many dangerous activities such as parachuting, bungi jumping, but in a certain way it scares me a lot. Another thing that I would like to have would be to have a motorboat but it also scares me a lot because of accidents. If it were said that nothing would happen to me I would be calm but hehe there are many things that can happen to you just by living an experience. For now I stick with the roller coasters since I have the same adrenaline rush and they give me more peace of mind.

# data[].attributes.body
1- “Taking a risk” means doing something dangerous or uncertain. What risks do you sometimes take?

Taking a risk is not just jumping from a parachute or jumping from one building to another, but it is also risking talking to a person you like or simply telling someone how you feel, another good example is traveling to where you want or simply sending a resume to work of your dreams. On the other hand, from my perspective, I took the risk of writing to the teachers by email because I was terrified of doing that or simply saying a word that was misunderstood. I also took the risk of opening my own business, which from what I see is going well for me. The point is that taking a risk isn't exactly putting your life at risk, it's also making decisions for the future.

2 What kinds of people take a lot of risks in their lives?

- It is relative in the way in which each person is at risk since firefighters, police officers, doctors, soldiers, people who control the traffic are at risk of losing their lives not only with some illness or in an accident or because of some criminal among many other examples but people who do extreme sports such as skateboarding and jumping off a very high ramp or they can also be people who jump from parachutes those people seek adrenaline. Not like the police and that they protect the town and help the citizens. This is just my point of view of what it is to take risks, many more people come to mind but I just wanted to emphasize a few.

# data[].attributes.body
1. "Taking a risk" means doing something dangerous or uncertain. What risks do you sometimes take?
- I think that every day we risk doing something, we face the risk of making decisions that could last a lifetime, we risk doing different things, setting ourselves different challenges and so on.

2. What kinds of people take a lot of risks in their lives?
- People who love adrenaline, to feel certain new experiences such as climbing, diving, parachuting, but there also people who take risks for their work, such as policemen, firefighters and health workers since they are exposed to many disease and bacteria risks.

# data[].attributes.body
Paragraph about myself

My name is Lydia Esther Hernández Pérez. Im was born at December 18, 2002. I am 19 years old.I love adventures and spending time with my friends.I have 2 dogs named Logan and Konan.I live in Humacao Puerto Rico. I am studying occupational therapy. I domínate the language of Spanish and English. I also love going to the beach.

My ikigai

When I was little, I loved doing crafts and helping people. Now when I grow up, I am studying something that I love, which is occupational therapy, and I can do both. In my free time I usually make bracelets since it is something that I love a lot, going to the beach and watching television. My strengths are my patience, understanding and listening to people, in terms of skills I love to do everything and learn everything from putting on makeup to welding. I am a person who likes to help and listen to others and most of the time I am the friend who listens to what happens to you, if I am not good at giving advice but if I give them a hug. My mother inspires me. It frustrates me a lot that people lie to me, there are times when university also frustrates me and injustice and not being able to do anything annoys me. I make garments and sell them, it is something that excites me and people love it. Anyway, I love working selling bracelets made by me.

# data[].attributes.body
Hello, my name is Adiaris M. Cruz Pérez, I am 19 years old and I live in Gurabo.  I am currently in my second year of college in the nursing department at the University of Puerto Rico in Humacao. English is definitely not my forte but I would like to learn it completely one day. As a child I liked to watched T.V. and play with my Barbies. Now when I grow up, in my free time I like to go the beach or just sleep. I like to have my time alone as I also like to share with my family. I am passionate about the simple, the simple details, the beach that gives me incredible peace. I would like to one day be able to travel the whole world and get to know the different cultures, religions, foods of each country. I think my vocation is nursing, I love that profession and being able to help many people, although I also like various fields of beauty that I would like to practice later. I would say that one of my strengths is honesty, I like to be transparent with everyone, always in a good way. It is the best way to show us. People tend to come to me sometimes to tell me their things or just to vent and I feel that it has a lot to do with the strength I have. The person who inspires me is definitely my mom, how strong and fighter she can be. Someday I wish I could be like her. It bothers me a lot that people lie, and that they are not humble, and something that frustrates me is that things do not turn out the way I want or think. My motivation is myself, wanting to be great, the desire to be my own boss, and not depend on anyone, those thoughts are my motivation.