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Sputnik 1 launched on October 4, 1957 by the Soviet Union, was the first artificial satellite in history.

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Sputnik 2 was the second spacecraft launched into Earth orbit by the Soviet Union and it was the first spacecraft to send the first living being into space: the dog Laika. Laika died from overheating the ship.

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Explorer 1 was the first satellite built by the U.S launched into space. The mission allowed the discovery of the Van Allen belts, named after their discoverer, Dr. James Van Allen.

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The United States launches the first primates in space, Able and Baker, on a suborbital flight. Both returned to earth alive.

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The United States made the first suborbital flight with a living being, Ham the chimpanzee, whose objective was to simulate exactly what the first American astronaut would feel.

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The Soviet Union sends the first man into space. Yuri Gagarin took off from the Baikonur cosmodron and traveled around the Earth's orbit in 108 minutes.

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The United States conducts its first manned mission led by astronaut Alan Shepard.

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It was the first manned US spacecraft to orbit Earth, piloted by astronaut John Glenn.

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Mariner 2 was the world's first successful interplanetary spacecraft. The mission not only taught NASA about Venus, but also how to operate a spacecraft far from Earth.
Mariner 2 was launched on August 27, 1962 and arrived at Venus on December 14, 1962.

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The Soviet Union sends the first woman into space.
Valentina Tereshkova, who circled the earth 48 times in three days on board.

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Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov makes the first spacewalk from the Voskhod 2 orbiter.

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Ed White, during the Gemini 4 mission, becomes the first American to walk in space.

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The unmanned Soviet spacecraft Luna 9 makes the first soft landing on the Moon.

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The Apollo 11 crew arrives on the Moon. Neil Armstrong and Edwin Buzz Aldrin spend two hours on the Moon's surface collecting rocks and setting up observing equipment.

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It was the first space station in history sent by the Soviet Union, capable of automatically putting itself into orbit without the need for a crew.

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A Saturn V rocket launches Skylab, the United States' first space station.

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The U.S. Viking 1 lands on Mars, becoming the first successful Mars lander.

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Voyager 2 is launched on a course toward Uranus and Neptune.
Voyager 1 is launched to perform flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.

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NASA's Columbia spacecraft was the first designed to be reused. The 'STS-1' mission orbited the Earth 37 times in two days.

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Astronaut Bruce McCandless becomes the first person to walk through space without being tethered to the spacecraft.
McCandless tested a unit that allowed him to travel up to 98 meters from the ship during the 90-minute walk.

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The Soviet Union launches its Mir space station, which has seven docking sub-stations, into orbit.

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The Hubble Space Telescope is launched from the Discovery spacecraft. Today this telescope is considered one of the main instruments that has allowed the advancement of space exploration.

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The International Space Station is a research center in Earth orbit and is the largest object ever sent into space.

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Yang Liwei becomes China's first taikonaut, having launched aboard Shenzhou 5.

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The first Mars Exploration Rover, Spirit, lands on Mars. Its twin, Opportunity lands Jan. 25.

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SpaceShipOne, the first privately owned manned spacecraft, reaches space and flies 100 kilometers above the atmosphere.

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The European Huygens probe reaches Saturn's moon Titan. Never before had a controlled landing been achieved at such a distant point on earth.

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India sends its first space probe to the moon.