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During the world war I and the world  war II, while  the men were serving in the army,  women had  new variety of  jobs. Women had a sensation they  were able to do all the kinds of job, also the traditional men"s job so that   many women were at the war front. The A.T.S.: Auxiliarity territorial service was a part of the British army, born during the second world war, in which women were an active part in the war effort. Other women were in the Red Cross, a humanitarian movement of volunteers that prevent men to suffer. During the second world war many women were killed because they were Jewish, they were killed in the holocaust, while in the imperial Japanese before and during the second world war many women were forced in sexual slavery. An other phenomenon was the victory gardens, were  women  worked the land to procure food. Women were happier because they could work and for this reason they looked positively into the future.

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Food rationing began in 1940. This means thatbeach person could buy only a fixed amount of certain foods for each week. The first cause of this rationing  was the war and the consequences in all the countries  it involved. In England there was a real authority whose pourpose was the control of rationed food: THE MINISTRY OF FOOD. People could not buy freely bread, sugar or meat. The rationing of sources gave to the State a great power, because people has not the choise. It was not an advice, it was a pressing directive. An addition to food other goods were rationed: such as clothes, firewood and so on.

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The wars produced the change of women’s role giving them the possibility to become freer and indipendent. The reason of this change is the departure of men for the front. Women had to deal with new jobs that usually men carried out. In the same time they had to look after children and house.

Because of the war they had to do with jobs in industry, assistance to the soldiers, working in the farms and in the country  and also to work for the army. This was a great change for the role of women, a real emancipation from their role of wife and mother.

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During the first and second world wars women did male jobs because men were soldiers and were on the front line.The role of women with in society changed thanks to progress and emancipation. The women were engaged to work in the land, they started to wear male clothes and used the pitch fork for work the land. Even though same women worked in the fields others served in anti-aicraft units,they had a sensation that they were able to play a useful part in the war effort. One phenomenon was that of the comfort women : women and girls forced into sexual slovery by the Japanise Empire.
Women during the wars loved the sense of freedom and indipendence, they were experiencing and hoped in for a positive future.

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the women gave a fundamental contribution to the war effort. their role from turned from "angel of the hearth" to an active member of the economy and the society. The war became a good context to in which women could show their abilities in the traditional male jobs. The armed forces recognised the need to employ women to free the men for active service and the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS) was set up. Many women worked as volunteers serving at the Red Cross, encouraged the sale of war bonds or planted Victory gardens. Minority women, called comfort women were forced into sexual slavery by the Imperial Japanese Army before and during World War II. Korean women were especially used. During the war Women in Japan and Korea also performed industrial labour duties. For example They helped make bombs and guns and airplanes, etc. The inclusion of women in work field expanded the view of the role of women in society and changed the their place in the workforce. It began so a real "Female Emancipation".

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... In the second picture we can see the notebook of a youth belonging to the Balilla National

Operation shows some Italian students-soldiers and explains the organization's role and

reminds to the children that fascism is the only and reliable social order and that they must

believe in it and in Mussolini.

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during the wars the totalitarian governments used system of mass communication to transmit political message to provoke the hate for the enemy and the cult of leader.

the most effective means of communication during the war were propaganda posters, because not all the people could read, tnen the immagination was a easiest  way to comunication.we can see how the nazi regime incited to hatered against the hebrews by the propaganda poster , in wich they were called ''poisons mashroom''.

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Sono Lorenzo Cascio

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In this picture we can see a woman who holds her son by the hand, while she is marching whit the army. the message of this propaganda picture is that women though didn't fight in first line,  had an important role too, for example "giving" children to the society. So,  they were considered an  indispensable resource for the victory  and for the fascism society. Even though the women were understimsted, during the war replaced the men in the common  jobs so they could show themselves having the same capacities  of the man

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In this picture we can see a woman who holds her son by the hand, while she is marching whit the army. the message of this propaganda picture is that women though didn't fight in first line,  had an important role too, for example "giving" children to the society. So,  they were considered an  indispensable resource for the victory  and for the fascism society. Even though the women were understimsted, during the war replaced the men in the common  jobs so they could show themselves having the same capacities  of the man

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Mattia Lo Bianco

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Salve prof,sono Sonia Randazzo.

Before the World War, the traditional female roles were housewives, seamstress, nurses, and they were not well paid. During the First and Second World War while men were in service in the armed forces, women had started new jobs.
Women became train and bus drivers and they drove tractors on farms and transported coal.

In 1941the Great Britain became the first country to call women to participate in war work, and those who could not work were encouraged to take care of their children. But they needed to be paid to provide to the family: many worked as volunteers serving the Red Cross (a humanitarian movement founded to protect life and human health); others found different occupations.
Women were happy about the new situation because they have shown that they were able of acting, even in different fields of work; this has changed the role of women in society.

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During World Wars, food shortages were high. At least 20 million people died due to malnutrition and illness during World War II. They did not have enough vitamins and minerals for the normal functioning of the body. But hunger is slow and not dramatic, in fact, hungry has joined millions of people, it was the taste of war. Subsequently in the wars of the world, in each country in 1939 and 1945 there was a rationing of food to ensure that scarce resources were distributed as equally as possible. This rationing system was given by the "Ministry of food".

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During the second world war the deadliest weapon became starvation, that killed almost 20 milion of people. Hunger became a by-product of the war because the resorces were limited and it was necessary rationing food. The rules in order to rationing food was given by the 'Ministry of food", a man who had to decide how much people could eat and how to divide their sustanance. The ministry of food had the job to write poster for spreading messages to citizens about how to take care of food: texts in which he encourage people to be part of the fight for Victory and not to waste in any way food.

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The family during the XXth century World Wars.

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The family during the XXth century World Wars.

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The result of the wars brought different consequences that affected the families, which were forced to separate. First of all, the traditional role of women changed radically. This was possible because they began to take the place of their men, who were preparing to go to the front. So women started to work in the fields, proving that they were capable of doing many things, even male heavy work and other women worked as volunteers serving in the Red Cross. On the other side, children who attended the school sometimes had to escape from the buildings, due to bombings / explosions or were forced to work in the fields. During the wars, one of the main problems was that all essential and non-essential foods was rationed, as well as clothing, furniture, and petrol. This was the situation during the wars: separated families and then destroyed families.

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Salve prof, sono Aurora Macchiarella

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During the war the role of women has always changed. Women had to take on the men who were fighting on the frontline and to have an active part in the war effort.  For example, in England, during the  W W2 , A.T.S was born, the women's branch of the British Army. In this situation many women felt happy to experiment a sensation of freedom even in a period of war and let them feel to have the power of self-realization.

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When Fascism was born, Mussolini thought that the new state needed new citizens. So he

promoted a new fascist education with a large system of propaganda (cinema, books,

newspapers, etc..). With the propaganda he prompted the children to start this new education

that included physical and moral training.

For example the first propaganda poster shows us Mussolini's strong interest in children and

the new generation that will become the future of the Nation.

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This is a propaganda poster and it was spread by the government to make women conscious about the importance of their role in the war effort. So, the role of women during the war had changed: they took on the men in the work in the fields, in the factories, in the farms at the home front. They had shown they were capable and strong like men, even though the job was very hard and difficult. “Women who have changed the world have never needed to show anything unless their intelligence.” (Rita Levi Montalcini)