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Basic Film terms
-Frame

Dividing line between the edges of the screen image and the enclosing darkness of the theater

single photo of flim

-Types of Shots

Cinematic shots are defined by the amount of subject matter within the frame

Shots can vary in duration

subliminal

quick

average

lengthy

-Establishing shot

The shot taken from a great distance

gives the setting

- long shot

to show landscape buildings etc.

-Medium shot

A shot shows several people from the waist up.

-Close-Up

Shot out of a small object or face that fills the screen

-Extreme close up

Close up of just an object or part of the face

Usually contains two figures, one with his/hers back

-Angles

Angle is determined how the camera is placed

-Bird's Eye view

literally looking down on the situation

-High angle

camera looks down

-Low angle

camera is placed below

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The Hollywood studio system
-The movie studio owned you basically
- six major studios
-operated production line methods
-Also made regluar B pictures
-Organized around Vertical Integration
-Audience can count on one person to make a good movie
-start it maintain it then make sure every film kept that expectation
-" New Hollywood" = 1975 onwards
-Verical integrations are back and universal went all over the world having studios in europe and asia

-high concept films, Film rarely appears as a single entity
The Hollywood Products
-Holly wood relies on pre existing products Eg. Star wars, happy potter,  beowulf, the golden compass, spiderman.

Distribution practice
-Us Studios pour millions into distribution, particularly marketing
-HW films achive Blanket coverage, block buster.
-Hollywood still operates on a Star System so a list stars can open a movie almost guarantee profit.

Why is hollywood still succesful?
-Big studios cornered the independent market by setting up independent production

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Iconic claim
box office
critical acclaim
watch-ability
10. Frankenstein(uni)
9.All quiet on the western front(uni)
8.It happened one night (Col)
7.StageCoach (united artists)
6.King Kong(1933)
5.snow white and the seven dwarves(1937)
4.Modern times (1936)
3.Mr smith goes to Washington
2.The Wizard of Oz(1939)
1.Gone with the wind (1939)

America went to the movies

1938- 80 million admissions every week

1994- 25 million admissions every week

500 films were produced by studios in 1937

Most films shot in 15-30 days

Stars were the focus (not camera work or lighting

Production codes

Statements in proper moral content of films

$25,000 without industrial "seal"

Code Restrictions:
-Avoid brutality
-Avoid Sexual promiscuity

Avoid making illegal or immoral life seem possible (gangsters who live good lives)

Marriage was sacred- Not sex

Prohibited certain words

Codes lased 34 years- Learned that restrictions were what was selling

Scripts: had to be submitted and approved

Directors' style suppressed by studios (no creativity)

Creative camera shots were uncommon

Quick cutting distracted from the dialogue

Scenes lit for actors- Not atmosphere

Montage only used for special scenes

Process:

Production of a Film:

1. Director

2. editors

3. producer

4. studio heads

5. private screenings

6. Premiere!!!

Big 5

1. MGM

2. Warner Brothers

3. Paramount

4. 20th Century Fox

5. RKO

Hollywood Major Studio #1 of 5
MGM

Controlled my Mayer & Thalberg

Studio run like dictatorship

Known as studio of the stars

Highest paying for talent

Owned it's own theater chains

1939:The wizard of Oz
Gone with the wind

Paramount #2 of 5

Controlled by B. P Schulberg

Gave more freedom to writers/ Directors

Rep as studio of writers/ Directors

$ problems caused loss of stars to other studios

Stars: Mae West/ Gary

Warner bros #3 of 5

Less $ in production

sharp dialogue is the biggie

Gangster, bios and musicals

comtemp social problems

stars: Cagney, bogart, davis

Best cartoons: Looney toons

20th Century fox #4 of 5

Excelled in historical and adventure films

Commiated to problems of american family life

stars of musical always women with difficult choices

Famous for Fox Movietone Newsreels

Stars: Betty grable/ janet gaynor, marilyn monroe, and shirley temple

RKO 3 5 of 5

Least financially stable

most memorable stars

smallest of the studios

stars: Fred astaire and ginger roger

Big movies King Kong/ Citizen kanes

The little Three

#1 Universal studios

Ecelled in horror films

stars: W.C. Fields/ Abbot-costello/ Bing crosby

Woody woodpecker cartoons and the Flash gordon serials.

#2 United Artists

Movie artists form studio

Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks Sr, Charlie Chaplin, and director D.W. Griffith

#3 Columbia pictures

It happened one night

lost horizon

the jolson story

stars: rita hayworth

"Poverty Row"

Shabby area/ Low budgets/ Stock footage/ second-tier actors.

disney studios

monogram pictures

selznick

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Parallel

-Burned his films after the war due to nobody liking it
-A trip to the moon was shown in the movie and was exactly how we saw it
-Was a magician before becoming a filmmaker

Contrasts
Glass house where he filmed wasnt shown online
his family isabelle wasnt seen in the research
his military service that was required before his fimmaking

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Frame
-Dividing line between the edges of the screen

types of shots
-Cinematic shots are defined by the amount of subject matter within the frame
-Shots can vary in duration
-shots vary in time
Establishing shot
-also known as estreme long shot
-shot taken from a great distance
-Almost always an exterior shot
-Shows much of locale
-Usually a first shot of a new scene
-designed to show the audience where the action is taking place

Long shot
-