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Founding father of psychoanalysis, a method for treating mental illness and also a theory which explains human behaviour.

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Sigmund Freud and Psychosexual Development. 

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Sigmund Freud and Psychosexual Development. 

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Freud (1905) proposed that psychological development in childhood takes place in a series of fixed stages known as Psychosexual Stages.

Each stage represents the fixation of libido on a different area of the body.

Freud believed that life was built round tension and pleasure. He also believed that all the built up libido (sexual energy) was due to the tension and that all pleasure came from its discharge.

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Sigmund Freud: Psychosexual Development Stages. 

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Sigmund Freud: Psychosexual Development Stages. 

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Conscious : Everything we are thinking, remembering, sensing, feeling or are aware of this particular moment.

Pre conscious : Contain much if the information which we often say is at the back of our mind, and can be easily brought into our conscious mind by simple thinking about it.

Subconscious (Unconscious) : The storage place for all information about ourselves that is not acceptable to the conscious mind.

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ID
The id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality. It consists of all the inherited (i.e. biological) components of personality present at birth, including the sex (life) instinct – Eros (which contains the libido), and the aggressive (death) instinct - Thanatos.

The id is the impulsive (and unconscious) part of our psyche which responds directly and immediately to the instincts.

The personality of the newborn child is all id and only later does it develop an ego and super-ego.

Ego
The ego develops in order to mediate between the unrealistic id and the external real world. It is the decision making component of personality. Ideally the ego works by reason

Superego
The superego incorporates the values and morals of society which are learned from one's parents and others. It develops around the age of 3 – 5 during the phallic stage of psychosexual development.

The superego's function is to control the id's impulses, especially those which society forbids, such as sex and aggression.

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Oral Stage (0-1 Years Old)

First stage of personality development.

The libido is centered in a baby's mouth.

Freud stated that oral stimulation could lead to an oral fixation in later life.

Anal Stage (1-3 Years Old)

The child derives great pleasure from relieving oneself.

Freud believed that this type of conflict tends to come to a head in potty training, in which adults impose restrictions on when and where the child can defecate.

Phallic Stage (3-5 Years Old)

Sensitivity now becomes intensive in the genitals and masturbation (in both sexes) becomes a new source of pleasure.

The child becomes aware of anatomical sex differences, which sets in motion the conflict between erotic attraction, resentment, rivalry, envy and fear which Freud called the Oedipus complex (in boys) and the Electra complex (in girls).

Latency Stage (5 or 6 to Puberty)

The libido is dormant.

Freud thought that most sexual impulses are repressed during the latent stage and sexual energy can be diverted towards school work, hobbies and friendships.

Much of the child's energy is channeled into developing new skills and acquiring new knowledge and play becomes largely confined to other children of the same gender.