# data[].attributes.body
steal votes from major two parties and cause an "upset" and have the opposite candidate win than what would happen if there was no thrid party

# data[].attributes.body
protest: support issues that major parties aren't
ideological: ideology is more important that single issues
single issue: address a single cause, ex. like the prohibition party
splinter parties: offshoots of the two main parties due to dissatisfaction, ex. Progressives
individual candidacies: almost based entirely around their ideals and personality

# data[].attributes.headline
why the US STILL has two party system - FRQ

# data[].attributes.subject
why the US STILL has two party system - FRQ

# data[].attributes.body
its been that way forever
consensus among americans that it's okay
media only talks about main two
"rules" that only dems and reps only ever on a ballot!!!
political socialization of only the two main parties

# data[].attributes.body
had unusually high turnout of young voters and african american voters

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s8VOM8ET1WU

# data[].attributes.headline
FDR dems now encourage strong role of govt instead of oppose it like all the old dems did

# data[].attributes.subject
FDR dems now encourage strong role of govt instead of oppose it like all the old dems did

# data[].attributes.body
main bloc that switched:

african americans

the poor

during great depression

# data[].attributes.headline
after Jackson, slavery dominated politics

# data[].attributes.subject
after Jackson, slavery dominated politics

# data[].attributes.body
mainly because property qualifications to vote were taken away
now all white men could vote, poor or rich

# data[].attributes.headline
loyal opposition: there has to be an opposition to a party, an opposition party is allowed

# data[].attributes.subject
loyal opposition: there has to be an opposition to a party, an opposition party is allowed

# data[].attributes.body
idea enlightened by Van Buren

# data[].attributes.headline
difficult to make party promises into party's policy b/c it has to go through congress and supreme court yada yada yada

# data[].attributes.subject
difficult to make party promises into party's policy b/c it has to go through congress and supreme court yada yada yada

# data[].attributes.body
formally/official pick candidate
write platform
PROPAGANDA

# data[].attributes.headline
voters dislike closed primaries while parties like them

# data[].attributes.subject
voters dislike closed primaries while parties like them

# data[].attributes.body
voters hate straight ticket voting because most people do not identify with one party and EVERYTHING each person stands for

parties love straight ticket voting because it ensures loyalty and support for their party

# data[].attributes.headline
state party organizations also control...

# data[].attributes.subject
state party organizations also control...

# data[].attributes.body
open v. closed primary
how ballots are laid out

option to split ticket or straight ticket

who is placed where

how to fill it out (check boxes, punches)

# data[].attributes.headline
the state party organization is probably the most powerful of today

# data[].attributes.subject
the state party organization is probably the most powerful of today

# data[].attributes.body
the STATE not the national and not necessarily the local
state party organizations do vary from one state to the next though

some more loyal to politics than others

have state committee chair and the state committee usually resides in the capital of that state

**power used to come from local precincts (political machines of gilded age)

# data[].attributes.body
Repub

White

Business

Higher income

Rural

Conservative Christians

Dem

Hispanic

African americans

Jewish

Grad edu

Union household

Urban

Lower incomes

non-religious

# data[].attributes.body
not always main two parties
PARTY DEALIGNMENT
mostly independent!

# data[].attributes.body
need to encompass both moderates and some extremes --> be swung enough to one way to include some more extreme weirdos

# data[].attributes.headline
people of a party can tow the party line (support) or buck the party line (oppose)

# data[].attributes.subject
people of a party can tow the party line (support) or buck the party line (oppose)

# data[].attributes.headline
you don't have to be picked by a party really anymore to become candidate --> a lot of self promotion these days

# data[].attributes.subject
you don't have to be picked by a party really anymore to become candidate --> a lot of self promotion these days

# data[].attributes.body
liiiike TRUMP

# data[].attributes.body
proposed by Truman
Truman failed
Clinton brought it up and failed
^both had their own party majority in congress!!!
Obama succeeded w/ obamacare in 2010

still difficult but succeeded by slim numbers --> difficult to get own party to side with you sometimes

# data[].attributes.headline
blue dog democrats of today = southerners, rural peeps

# data[].attributes.subject
blue dog democrats of today = southerners, rural peeps

# data[].attributes.body
didn't always agree w/ obama

# data[].attributes.headline
saying of "Vote your conscience, vote your district" applies when someone in congress doesnt vote in line w/ their own party

# data[].attributes.subject
saying of "Vote your conscience, vote your district" applies when someone in congress doesnt vote in line w/ their own party

# data[].attributes.body
not everyone from same party agrees on issues

# data[].attributes.headline
responsible party model WISHES for US politics (never gonna happen man)

# data[].attributes.subject
responsible party model WISHES for US politics (never gonna happen man)

# data[].attributes.body
1. must have distinct/comprehensive programs
2. candidate must be committed to party program w/ internal cohesion and discipline
3. party must act on programs and hear out minority parties
4. must accept responsibility for performance of government HA

# data[].attributes.headline
multiparty systems in Europe w/ diff govt set up use:

# data[].attributes.subject
multiparty systems in Europe w/ diff govt set up use:

# data[].attributes.body
proportional representation for legislatures (below)
coalition government to form majorities

# data[].attributes.headline
third parties don't usually win but aren't unusual and are very important

# data[].attributes.subject
third parties don't usually win but aren't unusual and are very important

# data[].attributes.body
draw attention to stressing issues

# data[].attributes.body
1. those that promote a specific cause or are relatively more extreme w/ ideologies

1. prohibition party, socialism and libertarianism

2. splinter parties or offshoots of major parties because they clash on some policies

1. progressives from dems, american independents

3. extension of a popular individual w/ presidential aspirations, people just like their specific ideologies

1. Anderson, Perot

# data[].attributes.headline
only 60% identify as either dem or repub

# data[].attributes.subject
only 60% identify as either dem or repub

# data[].attributes.body
decline in party ID results in party dealignment
people are LOST

# data[].attributes.body
1800: democrat republican Jefferson defeats Federalist Adams
1828: democrat Jackson emerges and so do the Whigs
1860: civil war causes republican party to form with Lincoln and repubs "rule" for 60 years
1932: democrat FDR changes coalition of dems with New Deal around Depression and creates long era of democrats
1968: republican Nixon wins over democrat because of dislike of Vietnam under predecessor Johnson

# data[].attributes.headline
critical elections cause a switch in supporters/coalition of a party

# data[].attributes.subject
critical elections cause a switch in supporters/coalition of a party

# data[].attributes.body
the switch is a party realignment

# data[].attributes.body
coalitions follow a party if they like their promises
they go form here to try and turn those promises into policy - cycle between the people and the party along with the policymakers to create policies

# data[].attributes.body
run by national committees who have a head of national chairperson

choose and support candidates, shape and write party platforms, raise funds, day-to-day tasks (chairperson)

# data[].attributes.body
closed v. open primaries
organization of ballots
amount of funding - not a lot in Cali
level of organization
size of actual staff - a lot in Pennsylvania

# data[].attributes.headline
progressivism slowly brought party machines down

# data[].attributes.subject
progressivism slowly brought party machines down

# data[].attributes.body
emergence of county parties in the suburbs (not necessarily corrupt, yay)
these are important on low profile elections
PERSONALITY of candidates is highly emphasized now

# data[].attributes.headline
patronage was prevalent w/ immigrants and some ethnic minorities in big cities

# data[].attributes.subject
patronage was prevalent w/ immigrants and some ethnic minorities in big cities

# data[].attributes.headline
party machines back in the day ahem APUSH ANYONE?

# data[].attributes.subject
party machines back in the day ahem APUSH ANYONE?

# data[].attributes.body
patronage and kickbacks to give political position and gave political achievement yourself
Boss Tweed of NYC during industrial era

# data[].attributes.body
dem was the highest identifying party until 1960
from 1960s on, independents are largest

# data[].attributes.headline
political parties = symbolic images... people's psychological label

# data[].attributes.subject
political parties = symbolic images... people's psychological label

# data[].attributes.body
I AM A _______________

# data[].attributes.headline
(Downs Model) parties have to consider large moderate/independent voters

# data[].attributes.subject
(Downs Model) parties have to consider large moderate/independent voters

# data[].attributes.body
need to get swing voters on their side
get the swing states
BUT still lean towards their side (left or right) -- just don't alienate anyone at all and you'll be fine !! ...

# data[].attributes.body
1. voters want better chance of government favoring their policies
2. parties want to WIN OFFICE

probably the main one

# data[].attributes.headline
how political parties are a linkage institution

# data[].attributes.subject
how political parties are a linkage institution

# data[].attributes.body
pick candidates through party's endorsements... nominations

run campaigns and organize them at national/state/local level, support party on tv/internet

give cues to voters by giving out info on their party candidates

platforms

gen. info about candidates --> good personality traits

articulate policies by advocating them

coordinate policymaking when the party supports and suggests to executive and legislative policies

# data[].attributes.body
elected officials who represent political party

# data[].attributes.body
https://s3.amazonaws.com/media.dtc/23791_20080825_craig_robinson_introducing_his_sister_at_democratic_national_conventionf.png
national office, staff, rules and bylaws, BUDGETS
loose hierarchy

# data[].attributes.body
apart of a party w/o official membership procedures

# data[].attributes.body
party in the electorate
party a an organization
party in govt

# data[].attributes.headline
washington and jefferson warned about political parties

# data[].attributes.subject
washington and jefferson warned about political parties

# data[].attributes.headline
pledge too america of 2010 similar to contract with america of 1994

# data[].attributes.subject
pledge too america of 2010 similar to contract with america of 1994

# data[].attributes.body
US is too complex and diverse for it to be encompassed by a simple party that works perfectly and w/ two party system

NOT GONNA HAPPEN SON
_
want to preserve individual freedom

# data[].attributes.body
https://quizlet.com/_2ls0ms