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Pullman, G. and Ventimiglia, P. (2016, March 7). From Written to Digital: The New Literacy by Phillip Ventimiglia and George L. Pullman. Educase Review. https://online225.psych.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/225-Master/225-UnitPages/Unit-02/Ventimiglia_Educause_2016.pdf

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I would describe digital and media literacy as a community where we share, create, develop, find, and solve problems. We collaborate and share information with the community. For example, when students create online portfolios, they are sharing this information with others. Also, if they have online journals, it is for the community. Another example is my students use Book Creator to create digital books. This helps them publish and share their books for others. Also, I would describe it as transforming. Renee Hobbs (2011)
explains how librarians and teachers collaborate to bring digital and media to the students. In my district librarians, coaches, and teachers work closely. Librarians have created a technology hub for teachers to integrate in our lessons. We use these online digital platforms to engage our students and for them to understand better.

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Hobbs, R. (2011, May).

Empowering Leaners with Digital and Media Literacy. Media Education Lab. Empowering learners with digital and media literacy. | Media Education Lab

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The main characteristics for digital and media literacy are the following:
1. Collaboration: We learn and share information with others. Hobbs (2011) explains the meaning of digital and media literary. She believes that active participation in social action is important. With technology, we can collaborate and share with others.
2. Learning: New literacies helps us learn in new ways.
3. New adaption: As time passes, everything changes. We need to adapt to new changes with our technology.

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Hobbs, R. (2011, May).

Empowering Leaners with Digital and Media Literacy. Media Education Lab. Empowering learners with digital and media literacy. | Media Education Lab

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One way media and technology has changed the literacy skills and strategies is by creating new opportunities for learning. This gives students the ability to attain deeper understanding of content. Also, for them to produce and present information to others. For instance, Book Creator is a great platform for students to create digital books and create recordings. Padlet is another platform that allows students to present share notes, links, videos, images, and document files with others. Another example is the use of Microsoft Excel. Students who wants to find the average of some results can use Excel for organization and calculation. Pullman and Ventimiglia (2016) mentioned,
"Technology allows educators and students to more easily reach audiences outside of the college or university, to employ a variety of media in communication." Teachers have a huge responsibility, and we must prepare our students.

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Book creator: A platforms that helps students be creative and create digital books. Students can record and use visuals to present their books.

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Padlet: Helps students present and share notes, links, videos, images, and document files.

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Pullman, G. and Ventimiglia, P. (2016, March 7). From Written to Digital: The New Literacy by Phillip Ventimiglia and George L. Pullman. Educase Review. https://online225.psych.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/225-Master/225-UnitPages/Unit-02/Ventimiglia_Educause_2016.pdf

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People have different ways of defining new literacies, but everyone can agree that things change, and we need to adapt to them. Therefore, new literacies mean the history of the digital revolution. Technology is part of our lives and we need to help our students be successful after high school. Many students use technology platforms like Facebook or Instagram. They feel comfortable utilizing this platforms. However, we need to prepare them academically with technology for them to use it in their futures. Phil Ventimiglia and George Pullman (1970) believe that “we should aim to help students develop the expertise that will allow them to combine and create technologies to develop new and dynamic solutions.”  We can help our students collaborate with others with an online journal or help them understand between a trusted and validated website or not. Additionally, help them produce and solve problems.