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The first school in Brunei was a Malay medium primary school, which was established in 1912.

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According to the State of Brunei Annual Report of 1919, as early as 1918, two Brunei teachers were sent for a short teacher training course at the Malacca Teachers College. Teacher training began in earnest from the 1930s. As there were no teacher training institutes in Brunei, all the trainee teachers were sent abroad.

The colleges included the Sultan Idris Teachers College at Tanjong Malim, Perak (SITC) and the Durian Daun Women Teachers College in Malacca (MWTC).

The first Bruneians to be sent to SITC were Marsal Maun (later to be Dato Paduka) and Haji Basir Taha (later to be Dato Paduka) in 1930. They graduated from the college in 1932.

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Islamic religious education began in 1931 when it was taught formally as a subject at Jalan Pemancha Malay School. It was still limited as classes were only held on Friday after the noon prayers.

The teaching staff was made up of mosque officials. These teachers received an allowance of $5 per month only. They were not paid by the government but by three donors.

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There were 32 primary schools, comprising a mixture of Malay, Chinese and English vernacular types.

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The first English Medium secondary school - 1953

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The first English Medium secondary school - 1953

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English medium preparatory pupils, who graduated in 1953, were able to proceed to secondary education with the establishment of the first English medium secondary school the same year. Secondary education in the Malay medium was not available in the country then. It was only in 1966 that Malay medium secondary education became available in Brunei, with the establishment of the first Malay secondary school or Sekolah Menengah Melayu Pertama (SMMP).

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They are University of Brunei Darussalam (UBD) in 1985, Institute of Technology Brunei (ITB) in 1986, technical and engineering Colleges, vocational schools, and Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah College of Nursing in 1986. To meet the ever increasing demand for vocational/technical and higher education, new institutions were established, for example Wasan Vocational School in 2005, and University of Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic (UNISSA) in 2007. The establishment of a polytechnic is also in the pipeline.