# data[].attributes.body
Source: The Balance, FDR signs the New Deal in the white house

# data[].attributes.body
Group analysis:
The great depression was the most significant event during this period and it was absolutely terrible, but we already know that. Most of what happend during this time was unpreventable, and hard to have an opinion on other than "It was not good". The effect of all of these things led to millions without jobs, and the economy failing. FDR's new deal plans were also put into effect to try to releave the pain of the depression, which was amazing that the president was trying to do something about it to get America back on it's feet.

# data[].attributes.body
Group analysis:
Not too much happened, but one significant thing was the British soldiers in India with the Amritsar Massacre was absolutely terrible. They did eventually grant India independence in no small help from Gandhi. Also many other countries gained their independence during this time, which is very good for them, but not so much for Britain loosing so much land.

# data[].attributes.body
Group analysis:
The weak Germany after WW1 was not handled very well. The printing of money just led to the value going down, and it was a very poor decision of the government. Of course, there is not much of an opinion to form on the rise of Hitler, it was one of the most terrible and violent times in human history, but there were some interesting things about him that you can appreciate. He was an amazingly influential speaker, and he was also an artist apparently. I did some research on his paintings, and they are very good, so that is something to appreciate. But of course, the horrible thing about him is his hate for Jewish people, and his greedy expansion of Germany.

# data[].attributes.body
Group analysis:
This is all very similar to Germany, but Mussolini's tactics were genius. It is no wonder he won so much support in Italy, because he gave all of the simplest solutions to complicated problems. Facism in Italy had a lot of great effects, including a lot of advancement of Italy, and improvement in the justice system. Although totalitarianism is normally associated as being negative, there is no doubt it had a lot of positive effects as well.

# data[].attributes.body
Group analysis:
The independence of India was very succesful and handled very well by India and Gandhi. When Indians joined the British army, they were hoping for independence as a reward, but when that wasn't given, they were angry, completely reasonably. Gandhi was an amazingly brave person, and did wonders for the independence of India. He was completely peaceful, and avoided violence at all cause, and this was fundamental. Gandhi was also a huge inspiration for MLK, who is extremely important to America.

# data[].attributes.body
Group analysis:
Like China, Russia was not doing very well with the current tsar, Nicholas II, so the revolution was important. But once, Lenin died, Stalin did not do a very good job with Russia. His ways of building his totalitarian state were very inhuman, and resulted in a lot of death. You can have what ever opinion you'd like, but our group agreed that the command economy instated was not beneficial. The five-year-plans were not very succesful. But, one thing very good was the equality, people who in some other societies would not people equal, in Russia, they finally were, like women.

# data[].attributes.body
Group analysis:
The republic of China was indeed very week. Some sort of change in government was bound to happen in our opinion. As we know communism ended up on top, but what Mao did next as the new leader of China was still very important to the development of China. The first Five-year-plan was very successful and important to China, but the second one not so much. China became very industrial, but a sacrifice in agriculture occurred, and millions of people starved which was a very bad decision of him. Overall, Mao was very important to China, but did not execute well.

# data[].attributes.body
Group analysis:
As a group, we generally understood the great depression hitting Japan hard. What we thought was very irresponsible was the Manchurian incident. It was just a very stupid thing for Japan to do. This led to Japans withdraw of the treaty of versaille and might have also contributed to WW2.

# data[].attributes.body
Click on the thing above to get a video explanation of how Stalin built a totalitarian state.

Source: Miss Martins slides on Stalin Takes Russia
Screen recording and drawing was by Zack Becker
The piece of music playing in the background was also preformed and recorded by Zack Becker

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Get access to files anywhere through secure cloud storage and file backup for your photos, videos, files and more with Google Drive.

# data[].attributes.body
This is a picture of soldiers getting ready for a civil war between those who supported the agreement – “Free-Staters” and those who opposed it –“Republicans” – was fought in 1922 and 1923.
Source: irishtimes.com

# data[].attributes.body
This is a picture of the Easter Rising of 1916, which led to an agreement to grant independence to the south

(Irish Free State), while the north remained part of the United Kingdom (Republic of Northern Ireland).
Source: thoughtco.com

# data[].attributes.body
This is an example of German propaganda.
Source: amazon.com

# data[].attributes.body
This is the Reichstag which burnt down just before the election and the communists were blamed.
Source: smithsonianmag.com

# data[].attributes.body
This is Adolf Hitler who was appointed chancellor in 1933.
Source: britannica.com

# data[].attributes.body
People: "Free staters", Republicans
Events: Great Depression
Effects: Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa self governed. Low wages, Loss of money and jobs caused a general strike.

# data[].attributes.body
This is the flags of Ethiopia and Albania who Italy annexed in desire to expand.
Source: crossed-flag-pins.com

# data[].attributes.body
This is King Victor Emmanuel II who granted Mussolini dictatorial powers for one year to restore social order.
Source: onthisday.com

# data[].attributes.body
This is a picture of the Armenian Genocide which was organized by the young Turkish government.
Source: ft.com

# data[].attributes.body
This is a picture of land- owning peasants called kulaks resisting collectivization.
Source: orlandofiges.info

# data[].attributes.body
People: Mussolini, Fascist, Ultra-nationalist
Events: Marched on Rome
Trends: Fascism
Effects: Road and electricity improvement.

# data[].attributes.body
Group analysis of what happened in the region:
What happened in the Middle East is extremely significant. There are still continuing conflicts in this region because of what was started during this period. It is a collective opinion in our group that the Armenian Genocide was absolutely no good. What the Ottoman government did to the Armenian people is very unforgivable. Also oil in the Middle east is still a relevant topic.

# data[].attributes.body
This is an example of Russian propaganda.
Source: news.artnet.com

# data[].attributes.body
This is what Wall Street looked like when the market crashed.
Source: https://www.thebalance.com/black-tuesday-definition-cause-kickoff-to-depression-3305819

# data[].attributes.body
Source: rarehistoricalphotos image of 4 children for sale

Times were very difficult that people were willing to sell their own children just to stay afloat.

# data[].attributes.body
This picture is showing the sacrifices parents had to make to survive the Great Depression. Source: rarehistoricalphotos.com

# data[].attributes.body
Source: Depositphotos Image of King Ataturk

# data[].attributes.body
Source: Getty images Manchurian Incident

# data[].attributes.body
Source: Getty images picture of Japanese military pre WW2

# data[].attributes.body
Source: BBC British rule in India

The British people are the white people holding guns, and they are in an Indian town.

# data[].attributes.body
Source: Pikrepo image of Gandhi

# data[].attributes.body
Source: Communist China flag from wikimedia commons

# data[].attributes.body
People: Adolf Hitler
Events: Night of Long Knives, Night of Broken Glass.
Trends: Nazism
Effects: Many Jews are dead. Their places are burnt and destroyed

# data[].attributes.body
Bibliography:
Photo (Red Book) -
Photo (Army) -
Photo (Mao Tse-tung) -
Information - Martin, Hannah. "Changes in Asia." Slides 2-15.

# data[].attributes.body
People:  Kemal Ataturk, King Faisal
Events: Armenian Genocide
Trends: Zionism, Anti-semitism
Effects: Armenian people killed and were refugees.

# data[].attributes.body
People: Hirohito
Events: Manchurian incident
Trends: Militarism
Effects: Democrat freedom ended, WWII broke out, Utra-nationalist winning popular support.

# data[].attributes.body
People: League of Nations, Kellogg-Briand Pact
Events: Great depression
Trends: Totalitarianism, and fascism.
Effects: Financial problems around the world, loss of jobs

# data[].attributes.body
People: Stalin
Events: Five Year Plan, Great purge/Great Terror
Trends: Totalitarianism
Effects: millions dead

# data[].attributes.body
Summary:
Up until the point of India in between the wars, India had been under control of Britain. Many Indian soldiers joined the British army, hoping to gain more self control in India because of it, but it did not happen. The Amritsar Massacre was a very important moment during the early Indian revolution where many Hindus and Muslims gathered in Amritsar, and the British army was ordered to shoot at the gathering crowd. 400 people were killed and 1200 people were harmed during this massacre. This extremely angered the Indians.
Now comes Ghandi. He was a very ordinary Indian person, with very extraordinary ideas, beliefs, and methods. He was middle class, trained as a lawyer, and was most importantly, very peaceful. He hated the caste system in India, and wanted to create equality for all citizens. Another goal was the unification of the Hindus and Muslims, which had been a recurring conflict for a very long time. Adding more to his peacefulness, he does not support negativity of any kind, including words. One of his major methods was to disobey unfair laws on purpose in protest.
The salt march was a march in which many Indians, including Ghandi, marched 240 miles to the shore of the Indian ocean to make their own salt, as the only salt available at the time was sold by the British. Their goal was to put the British salt sellers out of business.

Source: Miss Martin slides on Nationalism in India
Image source: Alamy image of Gandhi's salt march

# data[].attributes.body
Image of Mao's "Little Red Book" from aliexpress
Everyone during this time in China was essentially required to carry one.

# data[].attributes.body
Source: History.com Chinese cultural revolution

# data[].attributes.body
People: Sun Yat-sen, Mao Tse-Tung Chiang hai-shek
Events: Five year plan, second five year plan, The great leap forward, Chinese Civil war.
Trends: Communism, Nationalism, Industrialization
Time frame: 1912-1960s

# data[].attributes.body
Fast Facts:
1. When Stalin came into power, all he wanted was to take over Russia (To have total control or totalitarianism)
2. Part of the Five Year plans were to make the government the only people to make economic decisions, and to take the rights and voice out of people.
3. The cost at which the Five Year plans was many lives lost.
4. Stalin has lost a lot of his family from suicide and being captured by enemies.
5. Stalin wanted to modernize and to industrialize Russia.

# data[].attributes.body
People: Mohandas K. Ghandi, Muslim League
Events: Salt March, Partition of India, Amristar Massacre, 6 Mil. Indians join WWI, Sepoy rebellion.
Trends: Nationalism
Effects: More death after the partition, this caused about 5 million refugees

# data[].attributes.body
Facts:
1. Great Britain had been in control of India since 1612.
2. Mahandas Ghandi along with about 50,000 people marched 240 miles to the seacoast to make their own salt. This was known as the Salt March.
3. Ghandi believed in using non-violent methods to weaken the British government.
4. The partition of India lead to massacres and mass explosions, causing 100,000 deaths and 5 million refugees.
5. India gained independence on August 14, 1947.

Summary:

# data[].attributes.body
During this period, Britain was getting hit just as hard as everyone else by the Great Depression. Many became unemployed, or at least lower wages, Britain continued to loose some of it's territories (Canada, Australia, New Zealand & South Africa), and questions over the independence of Ireland arose, which would mean more loss of land. As well as the leniency of France toward Germany, angering the British.

Source: Miss Martin "Europe and the US between the wars" slides

# data[].attributes.body
During the 1920's, Americans were living a "roaring" life, the time period became known as the "Roaring 20's" in America. It was a time of high life after the victory of WW1. The red scare, similar to Italy, was becoming a fear in the United States, and the fear of Communist revolution became a real concern due to the Great Depression. The Great Depression hit America particularly hard, due to a crash in the stock market, and the sudden decrease of exported product, and overproduction. Thirteen million people lost their jobs, farmers crops in the central US were unsuccessful, and many were forced onto the streets. For the US at least, it is still considered the worse economic depression of all time, with the Great Recession of 2008 in second. New deal policies were put into effect by FDR during the Great Depression to try to help things out, the goals of which were three main things, relief for the American people, economic recovery, and financial reform.

# data[].attributes.body
After WW1, Germany, or as it was called at the time, the Weimar Republic, was not doing very well. All of the things in the Treaty of Versailles were aimed to make Germany pay for everything. Their military was virtually non existent, and the payments that they were forced to make almost completely ruined their economy. The German government, to pay all of those things in the treaty, decided it was best to just start printing more money to pay them off. What they were thinking? I'm not sure. Even an average person knows that once there are more of something, it starts to become worth less and less, but this is what the German government decided to do. It was so bad that people had to bring wheel barrels full of bills just to pay for something as simple as bread.
Next see's the rise of Adolf Hitler. He was the leader of the Nazi party in Germany. He had extremely radical beliefs, mostly contained in a book written by him called "Mein Kampf" (my struggles). His rise to power in Germany was very impressive. He was made chancellor of Germany by the president completely legally. The Reichstag fire seemed to be the last straw, and once Hitler blamed the burning of the government building on the communists, and everyone seemed to rally around Hitler. He became dictator, and a ruthless one at that. There became no opposition to the Nazis, and any one that even dared to was killed in what is known as the "Night of the long knives". He used propaganda, like many other dictators at the time, to influence peoples thoughts on things in Germany. The people who were doing the killings of the opposing people were known as Gestapo.
One of the standout beliefs that Hitler had was his extreme hatred for the Jewish population of Germany. He used them as a scape goat for all of the problems with Germany, and eradicate them from society. The destroying, burning, and just overall breaking-beyond-repair-ing of Jewish businesses at the time became known as "Kristallnacht" or "The night of broken glass", which is fitting. Also worth mentioning is the Living space plan, which was a plan to essentially get more land for Germany, to gain power, with the excuse of needing more space for Germans to live in. Essentially what Hitler started doing next is completely ignoring the Treaty of Versailles. He rebuilt the military back up and invaded those countries to take during the Living Space Plan, and the British and French responded with Appeasement, and let him have it as long as he didn't take anything else. A couple cycles of this later, and Germany had invaded Poland and WW2 had started.

Source: Miss Martin "Europe and the US between the wars" slides

# data[].attributes.body
During this period in Italy, there Nation wide spread of the fear of communism, or the "Red scare". Italy did not want to become communist, and a person in support of those ideas rose from the ashes of an Italy who did not do very well in WW1. His name was Mussolini, and he was the leader of the Facist Party in Italy. He was a very powerful and influential speaker, very similar to Hitler, and came up with simple solutions to even the most complex of problems in order to gain influence in Italy. After WW1, Italy did not get much out of it. They had switched sides during the Great War because they were promised land, of which they never received. So Mussolini decided to annex a close country, Ethiopia to fulfill their desire to expand.

Source: Miss Martin "Europe and US between the wars" slides

Image source: Getty images picture of Mussolini

# data[].attributes.body
Summary:

After Lenin died, there were two main people in control of the communist party in Russia. Those people were Trotsky and Stalin. Most people thought that Trotsky would become the leader of Russia, but it actually ended up being Stalin. He had general plans for Russia, which included industrialization, and modernization (as Russia had been lacking in both of these during WW1). Stalin was a truly ruthless dictator. He had total control of every aspect of peoples lives (totalitarianism) and abused that ability.
There are four stand out ways that Stalin built a totalitarian state. Those include, the police state, in which the police attacked anyone who opposed Stalin's ideas(this became known as the Great Purge in Russia). Propaganda, which is government controlled TV, newspapers, and radio, as well as art and political cartoons. Education, in which the government controlled all of the schools, and students were only taught what was permitted by the government. Finally, religious persecution, where many religions, and religious buildings were destroyed, and their leaders killed.
The economy instituted by Stalin was a command one. Collectivization was tried out (which are farms owned by the state for everyone to share) mostly did not do very well. Many peasants did not like the idea of this change, and resisted it greatly, but unfortunately around 5-10 million people were all killed in a crackdown of this resistance.
Next step for the economy was Stalin's Five Year Plans. Now if you're thinking "Haven't we talked about this already?" you'd technically be correct, something very similar happened in communist China, although this technically came before China. The plan was to rapidly increase industrial and agricultural production. There were a few key elements to this plan, and they include the following: centralized planning, planning for economic decisions done by government officials, collectivized farming, and government run communes. Yeah, everything seems to be controlled by the government in Russia at this time. Of course, any major economy altering plan is bound to have some effects, so some of them were the fantastic industrial results, the fortunate lack of any 30's depression, like the US or EU. A negative one would be Stalin's influence on a famine in Ukraine that killed 10 million people.

Source: Miss Martin "Stalin takes Russia" slides (Used on February 16)

# data[].attributes.body
The idea of militarism is one that believes that they key to a strong country is a strong military, and that making a strong one is in a countries best interest.

Ultra-nationalism is an extreme version of nationalism, in which one puts the well being of their country above those of the people.

Hirohito was emperor of Japan at the time.

Manchurian Incident was unauthorized by the government

Japan withdrew from the League of Nations

Japan starts to embrace militarism. Japans military because very powerful. Ultra-nationalists start to appear in Japan, with a need for a better economy and more overseas expansion. The Manchurain Incident happened, in which the ruthless Japanese army took Manchurain without the governments approval.

Source: Miss Martin slides on changes in Asia
Image source: Getty images picture of Emperor Hirohito

# data[].attributes.body
Hussein-McMahon Letters are letters Britain encouraging revolt in Ottoman Empire

The killing of a lot of Armenians by the Ottoman Government is known as the Armenian genocide.

King Faisal was he was a huge fan of diversity, and was not at all restrictive of people who worked in his administration. Fostered unity.

Kemal Ataturk was responsible for modernizing Turkey

Oil is really important to Europe, and they want it from the middle east

During WW1, the Ottoman Empire decided to fight on the side of the Central powers so that they could gain control of the Suez Canal from the British. The central powers lost WW1. The Hussein-McMahon letters were letters encouraging revolt in the Ottoman Empire. The sykes-picot agreement contradicted this, and there was conflict in the middle east. The region was devided into areas controlled by Britain and France called mandates. The middle east does not trust Europe anymore.

Source: Miss Martin slides on changes in the Middle east

# data[].attributes.body
After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Sun Yut-sen cam into power in China.

Mao Zedong was the leader of communist China.

A communist government is one that controls almost every aspect of the economy.

Nationalism is the idea of complete support for your country, and it's decisions.

Chinese civil war had communists vs. nationalists.

With Sun Yut-sen, the government of the new Republic was not very good. There was disunity, fights in China. Imperialists, like the US EU and Japan. Poor transportation in China also made it difficult to move people, and things, from place to place. All of these bad things added up to the popularization of the idea of communism.

The Chinese Civil War lasted between 1927-1937, and the two sides included the communists, and the nationalists. The leaders being Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek respectively. In the end, Mao won, and communism took over China. This is when Mao enforced his two main 5 year plans. His first 5 year plan included to advance in agriculture and coal production, electricity, and iron and steel production. This first 5 year plan went surprisingly well, so Mao took it a step further with his second 5 year plan, also known as "The great leap forward", in which was mainly an encouragement for industrialization, as well as the things mentioned previously. This plan did not go well, Mao telling people to make steel in their backyards went about as well as you'd expect, and this massive leap away from agriculture and toward industrialization led to millions of people starving, most of them young kids.

Source: Miss Martin "Changes in Asia" slides (Used on February )
Image source: iStock Mao Zedong image