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Arthur Miller was an American playwright and writer during the 20th century. He is extremely well known for his play the Crucible. A commentary about the similarities between the communist investigations at the time and the Salem Witch Trials. This play had had him labeled as a communist. He had also refused to give evidence against communists before the House of Un-American Activities.

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The Salem Witch trials were a collective witch hunt in which hundreds of people were being accused of being witches and tried. The idea stemmed from the belief that the invisible world was always interacting with the real world and the Devil was always trying to take victims. These trials started with little girls who fell ill (or acting strangely) but allegedly had no symptoms. This had led people to believe they were the victims of witchcraft while in hindsight it was most likely the girls were bored and looking for entertainment. It is still not known today exactly what caused this mass hysteria in Salem.

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Calvinism is a belief system derived from John Calvin. This was the belief system adopted by the Puritans settling in America. It involves many ideas such as predestination. It was the main driving factor in the Puritan's belief in the City Upon a Hill Theory. The Puritans wanted their new society to be a utopia.

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Predestination is the idea that one does not get to choose whether they go to Heaven or Hell and that it is decided before birth by god. Since people could not know where they would go in the afterlife, they would try and "fake it until they make it". This meant that people would act as nice as they possibly could to hopefully get on God's good side. The only known way to know if you were chosen was to have a real life encounter with God. This ideal system had led to some distrust among Puritans, which helped lead to the Salem Witch Trials.

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The Puritans were a group of reformists. They were looking to separate themselves from England after the separation of church and state. They wanted to move to America and start their own society. They were strong believers in Calvinism. Their extremely strong beliefs are what would lead to the Salem witch trials.