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A multipurpose electronic device that is able to accept data (input), process the data (input) according to instructions, produce results (output), and store the data/results for other use

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1. Data Processing
2. Data Storage
3. Data Movement
4. Control

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1. CPU
2. Main Memory
3. I/O
4. System Interconnection

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1. Motherboard
2. Processor
3. Memory
4. Hard Disk/Drive

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- Refer to as processor
- Interprets and carries out basic instructions that operate a computer

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1. Control Unit (CU)
2. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
3. Registers
4. System Clock

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1. Fetching
2. Decoding
3. Executing
4. Storing

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1. Heat Sink
2. Liquid Cooling Technology
3. Cooling Pad

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1. Instructions waiting to be executed by processor
2. Data needed by instructions
3. Results of processing the data

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1. OS and other programs
2. Applications
3. Data and results processed

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1 byte = 8 bits

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1. Volatile Memory
2. Non-Volatile Memory

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- Main memory
- store programs and data used by CPU in real time
- Can be read, written and erased any number of times
- Types: SRAM, DRAM

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- Stores the program required to initially boot the computer, permanent data and instructions
- Cannot be easily altered or re-programmed
- Types: PROM, EPROM, EEPROM

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An electrical channel on which the electrical signals (bits) travel internally within the computer circuitry

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Allow various devices within the same computer system to communicate with each other

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1. Data Bus: Transfer Actual Data
2. Address Bus: Transfer information about where the data should reside in the memory

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1. System/front side bus
2. Backside bus
3. Expansion bus

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- Any hardware devices that sends data and instructions into a computing devices
- e.g. Keyboard & Pointing Devices

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- Functions to convey information from computer to the user
- e.g. Display devices & Printers

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Needed to make computer function properly

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Computer represent information in digital format of 1s and 0s

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Computers convert text and other information into binary by using ASCII values

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Computer circuits are microscopic in size and can perform operations very fast

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The smaller the computer, the faster it is because the electrical signal has less distance to travel

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Help to run the computer smoothly