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Paras, Praful, Riccardo, Mai Linh

"Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems"

- Forming the base for achieving all other SDG and Human life depends on the earth as much as sustenance and livelihood

- Deforestation and forest degradation account for 15% of GHG emissions

- Plant life provides 80 percent of our human diet, and relies on agriculture as an important economic resource and means of development.
--> Abuse of pesticides leads to degradation of soil microorganisms to decline

Forests account for 30 percent of the Earth’s surface, providing vital habitats for millions of species and important sources for clean air and water; as well as being crucial for combating climate change.

Most recent visible impact- Australia Bush fires:
--> Species extinction:

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Sam the koala, who gained worldwide fame and sympathy when she was rescued during Australia's devastating bushfires in February, died today during an operation meant to save her from a life-threatening disease.

The four-year-old koala had developed cysts associated with urogenital chlamydiosis, which affects up to 50% of Australia's koalas.

During surgery the disease was found to be so advanced that it was inoperable and Sam was euthanased, said Peita Elkhorne, spokeswoman for the lawyers who represent the shelter where the koala had lived since the February fires.

"It was so severe that there was no possible way to be able to manage her pain," Elkhorne said. "All of those who have been involved with Sam are devastated with this loss."

John Butler, the veterinarian who was conducting the operation, said Sam was too scarred inside to carry out the surgery.

"She was going to be left in pain in the state she was in," Butler told reporters. "We had no hope of helping her any further."

Even the Australian prime minister, Kevin Rudd, commented on the animal's death, saying she had been a symbol of hope for Australia during the wildfires.

"It's tragic that Sam the koala is no longer with us," Rudd said.

As the fires burned in Victoria state, Sam was gingerly making her way on scorched paws past a fire patrol north of Melbourne when one of the firefighters spotted her. The firefighter was photographed holding a bottle of water to her lips, an image that resonated around the world.

She suffered second- and third-degree burns to her paws and had been recuperating at the Southern Ash wildlife shelter.

Record temperatures, high winds and forests dried by years of drought set off fires that swept a vast area of Victoria state, killing 173 people and destroying thousands of homes.

It was not known whether Sam had the infection before the fire. The disease, one of the main killers of the koala, is brought on by stress.

Deborah Tabart, CEO of the Australian Koala Foundation, said she was saddened by Sam's death but noted that thousands of other koalas die every year of the disease and are not lamented nor cared for by the government.

"Sam's just the tip of the iceberg," Tabart said. "Sam's doing her wild cousins a huge favour by this international interest. Our koalas are in serious trouble across the country."
Topics

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Australian bushfire survivor Sam the koala dies

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Sam the koala, who gained worldwide fame and sympathy when she was rescued during Australia's devastating bushfires in February, died today during an operation meant to save her from a life-threatening disease. The four-year-old koala had developed cysts associated with urogenital chlamydiosis, which affects up to 50% of Australia's koalas.

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Gender Equality: SDG 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

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Gender Equality: SDG 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

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Members: Marion, Pim, Euna, Aiym

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Development of the society - It is important part of Sustainable Development of a country. (innovation, culture) No healthy people no society.

Demographic problem - sick people can't work and child death have to be preventable - no middle class - aging population (labour capabilities, AIDS epidemic in Africa/Black Plague in Europe)

Social well being

- lack of education (sex-ed, basic education about hygene)
6 mln children before the age of 5
- Mental health issues (Lifestyle and the way people living together) 1 in 4 people experience a mental health problem each year in the UK.
-  Prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol
-  Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries

Link with economics - Major health problem can make people face bankruptcy, GDP

Human activity

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(Bridget Durdy)
Water is a necessity to live. Research has shown the longest a human can survive without water is a week.
-"785 million people remind without even basic drinking water"

Water helps prevent the spread of sickness and diseases.
-"2 out of 5 people worldwide do not have a basic hand washing facility with soap and water"  which will
(https://www.unicef.org/wash/)

The demand for water is becoming greater along with the population growth and clean water is becoming more difficult to find.
(https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/water-scarcity)

Need to focus on how to purify and clean water (https://dagorettinews.com/water-treatment-chemicals-and-technology-market-analysis-2020-2026-expert-guide-to-boost-the-industry-in-global-market-share-esticast-research-and-consulting/)

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experienced by 1 in 5 women and girls between the ages of 15-49 in 87 countries

Target goals
Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation

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15 million girls under age 18 every year especially in South Asia and Sub Saharan Africa

Target goal
Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage

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According to the World Bank (2018), 68% of the world’s population has access to basic sanitation. However, only 39% of this global population has access to safely managed sanitation

Overall, pollution with pathogens resulting from disposal of non-treated wastewater affects approximately one-third of all rivers in Africa, Asia and Latin America

The lack of progress on providing clean water, sanitation and wastewater management for all has constrained overall development and quality of life for a significant proportion of the world population.

In terms of protection of the common environment:

To stop the unsustainable exploitation of water resources by developing water management strategies at the regional, national and local levels, which promote both equitable access and adequate supplies.

- investment needs and insurance losses;
- technological innovation; recycling stormwater and wastewater, and development of non-conventional sources of water.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877343518300113

Danit and Ying

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Yaoyao arguments :  Clean water is a significant way to protect our health.  United nation reported in 2010, About 159 MILLION people around the world collect their drinking water directly from surface water sources such as RIVERS, DAMS, or LAKE. 1. Help in Getting bodies Rid of Toxins: Clean, fresh and safe water help our bodies rid of all kinds of toxins, whether they are created due to bodily reactions, obtained from outside sources or ones that occur because of the consumption of contaminated water.                                2.        For Agriculture and Food Production. When water comes to the production of food, clean water is an essential element. If the crops and grains are given contaminated water, some diseases will spread to those who consume the fresh produce. Therefore, water that is used for agriculture must also come from safe and clean resources.  

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Yaoyao arguments :  Clean water is a significant way to protect our health.  United nation reported in 2010, About 159 MILLION people around the world collect their drinking water directly from surface water sources such as RIVERS, DAMS, or LAKE. 1. Help in Getting bodies Rid of Toxins: Clean, fresh and safe water help our bodies rid of all kinds of toxins, whether they are created due to bodily reactions, obtained from outside sources or ones that occur because of the consumption of contaminated water.                                2.        For Agriculture and Food Production. When water comes to the production of food, clean water is an essential element. If the crops and grains are given contaminated water, some diseases will spread to those who consume the fresh produce. Therefore, water that is used for agriculture must also come from safe and clean resources.  

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water is the most important nutrient, nature resource, and powerful force on earth.

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Gender-based disadvantage and discrimination

Target goal
Adopt and strengthen sound policies and enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls at all levels

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- Only 30% of women hold seats in national parliament in 46 countries
- While women have made important inroads into political office across the world, their representation in national parliaments at 23.7 per cent is still far from parity.

Target goal
Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decisionmaking in political, economic and public life

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- Only 52 per cent of women married or in a union freely make their own decisions about sexual relations, contraceptive use and health care
- 200 million women and girls in 30 countries have undergone FGM (female genital mutilation)

Target goal
Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive right

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Bridget Durdy

-Necessity for living
-People lack basic access to water
-Decrease sickness & poverty (starting point for health and well-being, decent work, and economic growth,
-How important water is in day-to-day life (drinking & health)
-Water as a revenue source for countries (everyone needs water therefore, this creates jobs and revenue for the countries that need clean water)

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Women and girls represent half of the world’s population and therefore also half of its potential. But, today gender inequality persists everywhere and stagnates social progress.

Regardless of where you live in, gender equality is a fundamental human right. Advancing gender equality is critical to all areas of a healthy society.

Providing women and girls with equal access to education, health care, decent work, and representation in political and economic decision-making processes will fuel sustainable economies and benefit societies and humanity at large.

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UN Women:

SDG 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

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The Sustainable Development Agenda, adopted by UN Member States in 2015, set a 2030 deadline for the achievement of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. Now, with under 10 years left to meet it, the world is not on track. Amid the intersecting crises of COVID-19, the climate emergency, and rising economic and political insecurity, progress on gender equality has not only failed to move forward but has begun to reverse. Around the world, a growing backlash against women's rights is threatening even well-established freedoms and protections.

Without heightened commitment from the global community, gender equality will remain nothing more than an unrealized goal. The time to act and invest in women and girls is now.

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In focus: Sustainable Development Goal 5 | UN Women - Headquarters

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The Sustainable Development Agenda, adopted by UN Member States in 2015, set a 2030 deadline for the achievement of gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. Now, with under 10 years left to meet it, the world is not on track.

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https://6fefcbb86e61af1b2fc4-c70d8ead6ced550b4d987d7c03fcdd1d.ssl.cf3.rackcdn.com/cms/reports/documents/000/003/091/original/SDG-Policy-Brief-Forests-EN.PDF?1520501329