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it can be misused by enemies.

Both speaker and amplifier are separate.

Maintenance is high.

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1. B.PREMLET ,Engineering physics

2. D. Meyer. Computer Simulation of Loudspeaker Directivity, J. Audio Eng. Soc

3. Houghton Mifflin Company,2006 The American heritage Dictionary of English language,

4. J. Eargle, Loudspeaker Handbook, Chapman and Hall, New York

5. J. Proakis and D. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing, Principles, Algorithms, and Applications

6. M. Yoneyama and J. Fujimoto. The audio spotlight: An application of nonlinear interaction of sound waves to a new type of loudspeaker design, J. Acoustical Society of America

7. P. Hong, IMTC, Georgia Institute of Technology

8. T. Chen, Guest Editor. The Past, Present, and Future of Audio Signal Processing, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

9. Universal physics.

10. W.F Dryvestegn & J. G

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Audio spotlight is a very recent technology that creates focused beams of sound similar to light beams. By ‘shining sound to one location, specific listeners can be targeted with sound without other nearby hearing it, i.e. to focus sound into a highly directional beam.

The audio spotlight uses ultrasonic energy to create extremely narrow beam of sound that behave like beam of light. Audio spotlighting exploits the property of non-linearity of air. When inaudible ultrasound pulses are fired into the air, it spontaneously converts the inaudible ultrasound into audible sound tones. like audible sound ultrasound waves, get distorted as they travel through air. The ultrasound waves are breaked into lower frequency, i.e. audible sound waves. so these ultrasound waves can travel along a narrow path, people to left or right of a target remain silence

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Feasible Area of Application        By :- ARYAN SAHI

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Feasible Area of Application        By :- ARYAN SAHI

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One of the suggestion that I want to give regarding the feasible area for the application of audio spotlight is that it is widely used in military purposes.

It is widely used to detect the exact position of the enemies. It is also used as a "brown noise" which is used as directed beam of sound that makes the target lose control of bowels. Thus it also helps to target missiles.

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Ways in which AUDIO SPOTLIGHT can be used.      -Vivek

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Ways in which AUDIO SPOTLIGHT can be used.      -Vivek

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Audio Spotlight can be used in two ways:-

1. Direct Audio :- Audio Spotlight transmitter can be directed towards a specific target , creating a contained area of listening space.

2. Projected Audio:- Audio Spotlight Wave coming from the source can be bounced off a object or a wall which creates an audio image. This audio image gives the illusion of loudspeaker to listeners.

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Feasible Area Of Application:-                       -Vivek

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Feasible Area Of Application:-                       -Vivek

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Our team thinks that feasible area for application of audio spotlight is Museum as they have a large scope for this technology.

It can remove the need of guides and can provide correct information about the monuments present in the museum as local speakers can be assigned for each specific monument and information can only be given to people watching it

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Where and How This Technology Can Be Used ??                  - Vivek

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Where and How This Technology Can Be Used ??                  - Vivek

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Applications of Audio Spotlight             By :-ARYAN SAHI

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Applications of Audio Spotlight             By :-ARYAN SAHI

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1. MILITARY :- Audio spotlight has very good uses in militiary . It is used in military sonic weapons that emit highly-directional high-intensity sound.

2. COMMERCIAL ADVERTISING :- In commercial applications, it can target sound to a single person without the peripheral sound and related noise of a loudspeaker.

3. PERSONAL AUDIO :- It can be used for personal audio, either to have sounds audible to only one person, or that which a group wants to listen to.

4. TRAIN SIGNALING DEVICE :- Directional audio train signaling may be accomplished through the use of an ultrasonic beam which will warn of the approach of a train while avoiding the nuisance of loud train signals on surrounding homes and businesses.[5]

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Terms Introduced :-                                   -Vivek

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Terms Introduced :-                                   -Vivek

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Though very basic terminology is used but some of the useful scientific terms are :-

1. Modulation:- Process of changing any desirable property in the wave by transposing some other wave. Here, it is used in converting human voice frequency to ultrasonic frequency.

2. Oscillator:- It is an electronic circuit that produces a periodic, oscillating electronic signal, often a sine wave or a square wave. It is used  here in creating desired sound output signal.

3. Ultrasonic waves :- These are the waves with frequencies higher than the audible range of human ear. It is used in maintaining a small beam angle !

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NEW TERMINOLOGIES AND THEIR MEANINGS      By :- ARYAN SAHI 

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NEW TERMINOLOGIES AND THEIR MEANINGS      By :- ARYAN SAHI 

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1. INTERMODULATION DISTORTION (IMD) :-

It is the amplitude modulation of signals containing two or more different frequencies, caused by nonlinearities in a system.

2. HYPERSONIC SOUND (HSS) :-

HSS is a digital sound reproduction sound technology. The advantage of this technology is that it does not include any complex electronic circuits having enclosures, crossovers, woofers, and midrange or tweeter elements as compared to conventional loudspeaker system.

3. HOLOSONIC TECHNOQUE :-

Holosonic technology works by focusing sound into a narrow beam, just like light. The technology has several practical uses currently in play -- museums and libraries can keep large spaces quiet while offering Audio Spotlight systems in specific areas.

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Audio Spotlight demonstration By Siddharth

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Audio Spotlight demonstration By Siddharth

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1. When the term audio spotlight came into existence?

Ans. The term audio spotlight was first coined in the year 1983 by the japanese researchers. The first device was created in the year 1998 and was known by the trademark name AUDIO SPOTLIGHT.

2. Since how long research is going on this field?

Ans. The research is going on this field since 1960.

3. Who developed the concept of audio spotlight?

Ans. F. Joseph Pompei of MIT developed the technology known as AUDIO SPOTLIGHT and made it commercially available in 2000 by his company Holosonics.

4. What are the target audience of this post?

Ans. The target audience of this post are undergraduate engineering and pure science students. Audio spotlight are of immense use in future is going to be a vast area for research.

The plan is to find out in what all areas and in what ways audio spotlight can be used and what all traditional technologies they can replace.

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* Focus sound at specific place

* Sharper directivity

* Uses non-linearity of air for demodulation

* Cost effective

*

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How does an audio spotlight works?   By Siddhart

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How does an audio spotlight works?   By Siddhart

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* Focuses beam of sound like light coming out of the flashlight

* Uses ultrasonic energy

* Creates extremely narrow beam of sound that behaves like a beam of light

* Ultrasonic mode is used since it has small wavelength

* Low beam angle is required to focus

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What are the applications in the real world?  By Siddharth

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What are the applications in the real world?  By Siddharth

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* Military

* Commercial

* Advertising

* Personal Audio

* Train Signaling Device

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Sources of relevant data :-        By :- ARYAN SAHI

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Sources of relevant data :-        By :- ARYAN SAHI

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* Books

1.Title :-  "The audio spotlight: An application of nonlinear interaction of sound waves to a new type of loudspeaker design".

2. Author :- Yoneyama, Masahide; Jun Ichiroh, Fujimoto

3. Edition :- 7(revised)

4. Publisher :- The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

5. Year of publication :- 5 May 1983

*Websites

1. www.statusav.com/directional-audio/audio-spotlight/

2. www.boston.com/business/

3. www.theaudiospotlight.com

4. www.holosonics.com/

5. www.econtact.ca/14_4/copeland_ spotlight.html

* Videos

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dd0m0C3f158

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Data Sources :-                                                                           -Vivek

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Data Sources :-                                                                           -Vivek

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1. Book:-

Title:- Handbookfor Sound Engineers

Author:- Glan Ballou

Edition:- 5 (revised)

Publisher:- CRC Press

Year Of Publication:- 2015

ISBN:- 1135016658, 9781135016654

Sites :-

2. www.holosonics.com

3. www.theaudiospotlight.com

4. www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/402725/the-sound-war/
5. www.boston.com/business/technology/innoeco/2010/05 /have_you_heard_the_audio_spotl.html

Videos :-
6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8wJ5Eff7hx0
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmNzf9ztnAk

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How I collected relevant data ???          -Vivek

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How I collected relevant data ???          -Vivek

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I was scouring through new incentions and researches when i came across an article http://www.boston.com/business/technology/innoeco/2010/05/have_you_heard_the_audio_spotl.html and became interested in the topic then I searched more about it and read a journal published in International Journal Of Advanced Research In Science And Engineering.

There were many sites providing more information about audio spotlight and current work going on the topic .

Some of the sites providing useful information are:

• www.theaudiospotlight.com

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holosonics

• www.holosonics.com

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Discuss how you collected relevant data ? By :- ARYAN SAHI

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Discuss how you collected relevant data ? By :- ARYAN SAHI

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• Use of internet for collection of articles, journals and definition of scientific technology show that an ordinary leader can understand the essence of knowledge.

• There were lot of websites and book which gave me a good platform to expresss my views and knowledge about Audio spotlight

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What is the frequency response of the audio spotlight system? By :- ARYAN SAHI

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What is the frequency response of the audio spotlight system? By :- ARYAN SAHI

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• The practical frequency response is about 200 to 400 Hz at the lower limit to 20 KHz at the upper limit

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How far does the Audio Spotlight speaker's sound beam reach? By :- ARYAN SAHI

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How far does the Audio Spotlight speaker's sound beam reach? By :- ARYAN SAHI

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• There is no exact measurement for how far the sound will travel.

• But the maximum performance is attained at roughly (1-2)m from the listener.

• The audible distance is mostly dependent on ambient noise levels and physical objects in the beam path.

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Can audio spotlight systems be used outdoors?  By :- ARYAN SAHI

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Can audio spotlight systems be used outdoors?  By :- ARYAN SAHI

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• They are not designed for outdoor purposes.

• But the customers use them as the materials are naturally very weather- resistant.

• For increased protection people used plastic sheeting to prevent water from entering thus increasing its use in outdoor activities.

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Is it just an idea or it is in use somewhere ??                                                      -Vivek

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Is it just an idea or it is in use somewhere ??                                                      -Vivek

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Audio Spotlight technology has evolved so much in past few years and currently MERCEDES BENZ uses this technology in driver assistance system !!

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What are its future aspects ??                                         -Vivek

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What are its future aspects ??                                         -Vivek

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• It can be widely used in many areas specially in:-

• Museums:- Individual monuments or sight can have localised audio and people standing nearby wont be disturbed as they cant hear.

• Automobiles:- Everyone has different taste of music while travelling and a loudspeaker cant be used as an audio system here. But audio spotlight can be of great use as every individual can have own spotlight speakers and can hear music of their interest !!

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How it all began ???                               -Vivek

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How it all began ???                               -Vivek

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• Technique of using high frequency waves to generate low frequency waves was initially used in water sonar technique in 1960's.

• In 1975, first publication demonstrated linear effects of air which became the basis of audio spotlighting.

• Over 2 decades companies have tried to develop this technology but till 1980's there were high level of distortions which almost lead to total abandonment of this technology but now it is developing in full pace.

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Reference Journal                                            -Vivek

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Reference Journal                                            -Vivek

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• Can focus sound only at the place you want.

• The focused or directed sound travels much faster in a straight line than conventional loudspeakers.

• Dispersion can be controlled – very narrow or wider to cover more listening area.

• Can reduce or eliminate the feedback from microphones.

•Highly cost effective as the maintenance required is less as compared to conventional loud speakers and many more ....!

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How Different Is It From Conventional Speakers ? By :- ARYAN SAHI

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How Different Is It From Conventional Speakers ? By :- ARYAN SAHI

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• Creates HIGHLY FOCUSED beam of sound whereas in conventional speakers sound beam is dispersed.

• Far more directivity and isolation from conventional speakers.

• Orientation matters a lot.

• Uses Ultrasonic Wave technology in order to create extremely narrow beams of sound.

• Uses inherent non-linearity of air for demodulation

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Components Of Audio Spotlight  By :- ARYAN SAHI

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Components Of Audio Spotlight  By :- ARYAN SAHI

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1.  Power Supply.

2.  Frequency oscillator.

3.  Modulator.

4.  Audio signal processor.

5.  Microcontroller.

6.  Ultrasonic amplifier.

7.  Transducer.

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Just imagine what one can do to religious people with these kind of technologies ... Inventor: Joe Pompei

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Working Principle                                                              -Vivek

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Working Principle                                                              -Vivek

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•  The original low frequency sound wave such as human speech or music is applied into an audio spotlight emitter device.

• This low frequency signal is frequency modulated with  ultrasonic frequencies range with wave length of few millimeters.

• Since the wavelength is smaller the beam angle will be around 3 degree, as a result the sound beam will be a narrow one with a small dispersion.

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Audio Spotlight - How a Audio Spotlight Works

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Dr. Bruce Denardo explains how a audio spotlight works and gives a jaw-dropping demonstration. The Audio spotlight is uses a set of transducers to generate a 65 kHz beam and because the wavelength of this beam is so small, it does not spread. In one sense, the audio spotlight is similar to a laser.

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What Audio Spotlight Is ?                         -Vivek

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What Audio Spotlight Is ?                         -Vivek

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• Audio spot lighting is a very recent technology that creates a focussed beams of sound similar to light beams coming out of a flash light.

• Specific listeners can be targeted with sound without others nearby hearing it.

• It makes use of non-linearity property of air.

• The ultrasound column acts as a airborne speaker and as the beam moves through the air gradual distortion takes place in a predictable way.this gives rise to audible components that can be accurately predicted and controlled.

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Loudspeaker focusses ultrasonic beams which turn into audio near the target.