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The music business is always changing, since it's always changing this affects how we way we listen to music and how music has been consumed over the past 140 years. To be apart of the music industry we must adapt to these changes and trends. In this assignment I will be finding out more about the different ways technology has changed and how we consume that technology.

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Music consumption began in 1877 when Thomas Edison invented the phonograph. This device was made to record and to play music on. Even though the sound quality was bad and a recording could only last for one this was a huge advance in technology at the time as nothing like this was ever made before. The cylinder phonograph is the same as a record player but is just a different type. The phonograph doesn't use any electricity and instead of flat round discs its uses a cylinder record. To use the player you have to wind a lever on the side of the player which will make the cylinder where you put the record rotate. After being invented in 1877 the machines didn't come out to the public until 1880.

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After the phonograph came the gramophone. This player was invented by Emile Berliner and was the first record player to use the flat round disc. Grooves with sound information were etched in the record and were read by a needle that vibrated which caused the sound. With this player you also had to wind it up and it also didn't need any electricity. The first records made for the gramophone were made from glass, many people didn't like using the glass records as they were easily broken. Over the next next few year records eventually evolved to plastic. They began being made of plastic because they weren't as easily broken, even though they could still be scratched and they could be easily mass produced.

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In the 1970's after the gramophone the next big thing that was consumed for music was the tape recorder. A tape recorder is a device used for recording sound information on to strips of plastic tapes. The tape recorder became a huge phenominon because buying cassettes was much cheaper than buying vinyl records. The tape recorder was also very small and light compared to the record player so they could be taken anywhere. This was a huge development in music consumption as you could not only listen to music but you could also record with it too. I talked to my uncle about the tape recorder because thats what he grew up listening to and he told me that he would sit by a radio and record Elvis songs from the radio onto a cassette because even though cassettes were less expensive that vinyl he couldn't afford a record player or the vinyl. The tape recorder and cassettes were also used by unsigned artists who needed a way to record their music but couldn't afford a studio and they would sell these tapes at their gigs.

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In 1982 the Sony CDP-101 was the first CD player to be released to the public and quickly became widely popular. Even though the CD player was very expesnsive costing up to $1,000 consumers still bought the product due to it's high quality sound, it was easier to handle and that it was less likely to get damages as easily as the vinyl record. they were also considered better than the cassette tape due to the ability of skipping or rewinding songs. As well as with the cassette player you could also get portable CD players that were powered by batteries and could be used with headphones.

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2001 began the evolution of how we listen to music today, starting with the iPod.
The iPod is a portable media player made by Apple. Before the iPod there were different portable media players but the iPod was different as it had 5GB of storage which was a lot when the device came out. The iPod was branded to hold up to 1000 song of cd quality on its thin 5GB hard drive. It was also because of how quickly you could download media. Another selling point for the iPod was that it had its own software, iTunes which could be used to transfer and buy things such as music, photos, videos and games etc. In 2007 Apple came out with a new and even more improved iPod, the iPod touch. The iPod touch allowed users to use the internet to directly download media onto their device without having to use a computer. After the iPod touch came the iPhone, the iPhone allows you to do all the same things as the iPod touch but it also has the features of a phone.

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Nowadays we mostly use streaming sites such as Spotify and youtube to listen to music. We use streaming services because it makes consuming music so much easier and less time consuming as you can get any song from any genre from any time period within seconds. benefits of digital music are that music is so easily and quickly accessed it can be bought and accessed in seconds. Another benefit from streaming services is that it's so much easier to find new music and to discover new artists, which can ultimately help

them grow and expand their career. Some downfalls from digital consumption are that there are limited earnings for the artists which means that the streaming services don’t give the artists the right earnings each stream they receive. It’s ultimately the consumer who benefits the most from streaming services as you get so much more music for the money you are paying. With Spotify premium you are paying £9.99 a month for millions of songs, whereas if you buy an album for the same amount you get on average 12 songs. It makes sense for the public to want to use these services as you save money, but this is where the artists loose out. The artist loose out here as 1,500 on-demand audio and/or video song streams = 10 track sales = 1 album sale, according to the Recording Industry Association of America® (RIAA,2018). This means that the artist must win over more fans to listen to their music to make the money from an album sale.

For me I prefer physical copies of music, but like most people I also use streaming services such as Spotify because it makes things easier and is more affordable. On the other hand also really enjoy vinyl records, I don’t think you can replace the feeling of being able to hold a record in your hands, seeing the artwork, and being able to place a record on a turntable and hearing the cracks and pops of the record turning. I also think that music can be too accessible as it's so easy to skips songs and not appreciate full length albums.