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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J0gosGXSgsI&vl=en
Federalism is defined as system of government in which entities such as states or provinces share power with a national government.

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https://lawshelf.com/videos/entry/the-american-system-of-government-separation-of-powers
The powers were divided into three different branches, with each branch having its own rules, jobs, and leaders. With three branches, they keep each other in check so that one branch does not attain too much power.

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Voting- Election day is always the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. States establish voter registration law, but you must be registered to vote. Each state is broken down into regions and those regions into voter precincts. You must vote in your precinct for your vote to be counted. In a closed primary, only registered members of the party may vote in the primary. In an open primary, no party registration is required and the registered voter may vote in the party in the party primary of their choice, but only in one per election cycle.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2A5QlpAyKSQ

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Declaration of Independence and Constitution

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Declaration of Independence and Constitution

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RjMQJ9v6Ic4
The Constitution includes the Bill of Rights along with all the rest of the amendments. Article 1 is about the legislative branch. There is a bicameral legislation with the House of Representatives and the Senate. A bill is made when it is passed by both houses and signed by the president. Powers were given to Congress in the elastic clause, but there are also many powers not given to Congress such as is cannot tax trade between states and it cannot take money from the treasury without a law. Article II is about the executive branch. This includes the president  and his powers. Article III is about the judicial branch. This includes the Supreme Court and the jurisdiction of the court. Article IV pertained to relations among the states, article V dealt with the amendment process, article VI included national supremacy, and article VII discussed the ratification of the Constitution. The Constitution was formed i hopes to create a more perfect union and provide and preserve people's liberty at the same time. The Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776 and explained by the people separated from Britain and made a new colony.

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The state of nature is a state of perfect freedom and a state of equality. The law of nature states that you should not kill people and take their stuff and do not destroy yourself. The natural rights include life, liberty, health, and property. No government is totally equal and free, it is limited by the law of nature. Without government, the execution of the law of nature is each individual. The purpose of government is to protect people's rights and preserve their property. Government comes from the consent of the people. Three things needed were an impartial judge, establish known, settled laws, and the ability to easily enforcing laws. Rights given to humans are by nature, not by government. Locke wrote the refute the divine right of kings. He also examines biblical passages to establish his position that the Bible does not support divine right.

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The legislative branch is primarily made up of two houses: Senate and House of Representatives, so there is a bicameral legislation. The House of Representatives seats are divided between the states based on population, members are elected every two years, and the requirements are that you must be 25 years old, must be a citizen for 7 years, and a resident of the state you are serving for. There are 435 total representatives for the states. The Senate has two senators per state, elected every 6 years, and were originally chosen by the state legislators, but now are elected by the president. The powers of Congress are given by the elastic clause which states that Congress has the power to do anything necessary to carry out their enumerated powers.

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The executive branch  is responsible for carrying out and executing the nation’s laws. The major part of the executive branch is the president of the United States. The president is elected every four years, is elected by the electoral college, and the requirements is that you must be 35 years old, a natural born citizen, and must have been a resident of the U.S. for at least 14 years. The executive branch also includes the vice president and the rest of the president’s cabinet, 15 executive departments. The president has a lot of power too. He is the commander in chief of the military, makes judicial and other government appointments, negotiates treaties, and grants pardons. At the Constitutional Convention in 1787, the Constitution foundations were being made and sought to give the citizens a voice and find a way to prevent the government from ever abusing its power. The executive branch is composed of 15 departments (State, Justice, Labor, etc.) and each have a member of the cabinet in charge.

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The judicial branch makes up one of the three major branches of government. Its purpose is to rule in criminal and civil courts and helps interpret the United States Constitution. It also is a system of federal courts and judges that interprets laws made by the legislative branch and enforced by the executive branch. The major part of the judicial branch is the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is the only court described in the Constitution, members are appointed by the President and confirmed by the state, and those in it serve life terms. There are also jurisdictions in the court. Original Jurisdiction is cases between states involving ambassadors, foreign nations, or trials of impeachment. Appellate Jurisdiction is all the other cases which require judicial action.  The judicial branch has a special power known as judicial review and is part of the process of checks and balances used between the government branches. The judicial branch was designed to be "behind" the legislative and executive branches. In 1798, the Judiciary Act was passed which started everything. It established federal district courts in each state as well as set up the federal court system and set guidelines for the operation of the U.S. Supreme Court. Originally it had one chief justice and five associate justices, but now there are nine chief justices. Under the Supreme Court, there are 94 federal judicial districts are organized into 12 regional circuits.