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Rodney Munoz Aragon
Period 3
March 18, 2022

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-DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid.

-DNA is made up of Adenine and Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine with a sugar/phosphate backbone.

-Nucleo Tides are made up of a nitrogen base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA),a phosphate and sugar.

-DNA:Adenine and Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine and In RNA: Adenine pairs with uracil.

-The Nitrogen Bases are connected by hydrogen bonds.

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DNA looks like a ladder twisted and bended around.

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GOGGLES

Heavy duty Ziplock bag

1 strawberry

10 mL DNA extraction buffer (soapy, salty water)

Cheesecloth

Funnel

20 mL test tube & test tube stand

Stir stick

10 mL ethanol (FREEZER)

Paper towels

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Step 1
Place Strawberry In the Bag to get ready to smash the strawberry.

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Smash and grind the strawberry to break and open up the cells. Be careful not to pop the bag!

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Add the provided 10 mL of extraction buffer (salt & soap solution) to the bag, to precipitate the DNA from the strawberry.

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Assemble the filtration apparatus using the beaker, cheesecloth, and cone to make it. Filter the strawberry fluid by squeezing, pressing and pushing it through the cloth

Once you filter the strawberry fluid by squeezing, pressing and pushing it through the cloth, let it settle in the long beaker and wait for provided materials.

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Pour the cold ethanol into your beaker and observe and certain bubble and DNA rise and are visible to the naked eye.

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Dip the stir stick into the tube where the strawberry extract and ethanol layers come into contact with each other.

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We first out in the strawberry in the bag and smashed/grinded it to break open the cells. Next, we poured our soap, salt and dish-soap solution into the bag and mushed it once again for another r minute to break the proteins and allow us to dissolve the cell membranes. Then with the mush we filtered and sifted it through the cheese cloth to separate the components of the cell and have it in our container. Lastly, we added some cold ethanol to precipitate and get our DNA and allow us to pick it up with out stick.

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1. We did multiple procedures each with their certain objective and purpose to allow us to have our Strawberry DNA extracted.  With this experiment it gave us insight in the process of which DNA can be extracted and what it looks like.

2.  What  learned from DNA is that DNA is our genetic blueprint and makes up every little single detail about us and DNA is very important to every living organism.

3.  I would take my approach more cautious and maybe be more careful and try to get a bigger DNA strand/mush ball.

4.  I would see if I can extract DNA from any other crop/food and maybe once I'm experienced enough maybe a once living organism.

5. Genes are found on chromosomes & genes control traits. Some examples of this in a strawberry are its bitterness, a nd sweetness of taste, its bright color red, its way of growing and the shape of it.

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EXTENSION QUESTIONS
1. We used a lemon today.

2.  It was more difficult since the and was more stringier and heavier to pick up.

3.  I think I'd use a fruit or vegetable similar to a strawberry like blackberries.

4.  It was well worth my time, and it was definitely fun knowing what to do this time.

5.  My next steps would include the experimentation on multiple other fruits/vegetables and maybe even living organisms/dead.

6. Genes are found on chromosomes & genes control traits. Some examples are color, taste and PH/Acidity Levels.