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Big Toe Pose and Bow Pose
By Mahekk Mehta

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Get access to files anywhere through secure cloud storage and file backup for your photos, videos, files and more with Google Drive.

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LIFE PROCESSES

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PHYSICS KIT
FORCE PRESSURE AREA

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By Mahekk Mehta

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Keval Gada butterfly kit

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The Indian Space Research Organisation's orbiter around Mars has found that not only is Mars losing its atmosphere faster than Earth, but temperature changes in the upper atmosphere may also be speeding up the process.

The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) observed a planet-encircling storm around the Red Planet to find that it heavily impacted the atmospheric rate of loss.

These findings confirm what the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission found on the other side of the planet.

Mars is losing its atmosphere faster than Earth, and planet-encircling dust storms are speeding up the process, according to the Indian Space Research Organisation ( ISRO).

NASA

Its Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) has confirmed what the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) found happening on the other side of the planet - Mars' upper atmosphere heating up and expanding due to global dust storms.

ISRO

The study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research outlines how the rate of loss is altered by the change in the Red Planet's upper atmosphere.

Simply put, all terrestrial planets within our solar system are losing their atmosphere to some degree or another. The size of the planet and the temperature of its upper atmosphere determines the rate of loss.

ISRO's MOM tracks planet-encircling storm on Mars
ISRO pegs Mars' atmospheric deterioration to be faster than Earth's because it's much smaller. However, the planet-encircling dust storms in its upper atmosphere raise the atmospheric temperatures within the Red Planet's upper atmosphere by several degrees. The impact of this is multifold.

MOM started to observe a global dust storm building up within the Martian upper atmosphere during the first week of June 2018. By July, the storm had matured.

ISRO

Measuring the densities of Mars' thermosphere, scientists found that Mars' upper atmosphere is warming and expanding. The neutral densities within Mars thermosphere had also increased significantly - something that has also been observed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission.

MOM and MAVEN team up on opposite sides of the Red Planet
While MOM was observing the Red Planet's evening side, MAVEN was observing the morning side. And comparing the results of the two shows that the argon densities measured by MOM were consistently larger than those measured by MAVEN.

According to ISRO, the difference is mainly due to atmospheric circulation, which causes warming on the evening side and cooling on the morning side.

Understanding how Mars is losing its atmosphere and the impact that loss is having on the planet can prove integral in the attempt to have humans on the Red Planet someday. NASA's Perseverance probe is currently travelling across the solar system with three fabric samples that may be used one day to build the spacesuits that astronauts will wear on Mars.

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ISRO finds that Mars is losing its atmosphere faster than Earth, and planet-encircling dust storms are speeding up the process

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The Indian Space Research Organisation's orbiter around Mars has found that not only is Mars losing its atmosphere faster than Earth, but temperature changes in the upper atmosphere may also be speeding up the process. The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) observed a planet-encircling storm around the Red Planet to find that it heavily impacted the atmospheric rate of loss.

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FORCE PRESSURE AREA KIT

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Dev Jain's Physics Force and Pressure butterfly kit 🦋

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Dev Jain's Life processes Butterfly Kit 🦋

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Tisha Rathod
Roll no.6

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By Mahekk Mehta

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DIGESTION IN THE MOUTH
DIGESTION OF FAT
ONE WAY VALVES

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History facts for kids | National Geographic Kids

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Discover fascinating history facts from across the globe! From ancient civilisations and incredible kingdoms to bloody battles and historical figures…

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AN ACCOLADE TO OUR NATIONS COVID-19 WARRIORS.....

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AN ACCOLADE TO OUR NATIONS COVID-19 WARRIORS.....

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EVERY GESTURE OF APPRECIATION IS LESS FOR THESE UNSUNG HEROES!!

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Chemistry activity
Is matter around us

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is matter pure around us....

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Is matter pure around us ..

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CHEMISTRY KIT BY KAVYAM SHAH

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Is Matter Around Us Pure ?

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Is matter around us pure

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Is Matter around us pure?

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AN INTERESTING TOPIC THAT I LIKED......

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It's all true. We never went to the Moon. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin never set foot on Mare Tranquilitatus. They filmed it all on a soundstage in Nevada's Area 51. Stanley Kubrick directed, slowing down the film speed to make it look like the astronauts were walking in low gravity. He used the same techniques he developed for his movie 2001: A Space Odyssey, which "coincidentally" came out in 1968, the same year that NASA claimed to send Apollo 8 around the moon. But Kubrick was forced to do it, and so he left clues in the photographs. If you look at them closely you can see that some of the shadows do not match up and there are other inconsistencies. The flags wave when there is no air. There are no blast craters under the lunar landers. Kubrick was a master filmmaker and he would not have been so sloppy with his art-he would have put the blast craters there and he would not have allowed the flags to wave. But perhaps he was trying to tell us something, provided we are smart enough to recognize it. Maybe that is why he died under mysterious circumstances in 1999.

President John F. Kennedy announced the lunar goal in 1961. But NASA scientists quickly realized that traveling to the moon is impossible. The Van Allen radiation belts will kill anybody who tries to reach the moon. NASA officials knew this early on and realized that they would have to fake it. In fact, one of the reasons that the CIA, Lyndon Johnson, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the military-industrial complex, and the Knights Templar had John F. Kennedy killed was because Kennedy was about to cancel the Apollo program. Too many people were going to make too much money from faking the lunar program, so Apollo had to continue. Oliver Stone knew it. He even mentioned it in his movie JFK. And he has hardly worked since then. That is not a coincidence.

Lyndon Johnson knew that he had to get somebody competent to run the lunar hoax project, so he recruited the same person who told Franklin Roosevelt in November 1941 that the Japanese were planning to bomb Pearl Harbor. This man-we'll call him Mr. X-had previously helped Johnson fake the Gulf of Tonkin Incident and can be seen in photos of the grassy knoll in Dallas, carrying an umbrella. He worked as the executive secretary for MAJESTIC-12. For the lunar hoax project Mr. X recruited a number of people from the Philadelphia Experiment. The Brown and Root Company (now Halliburton) built the soundstages.

Of course it is ironic that the Americans had to fake the moon landings, because they already had access to the flying saucer technology recovered at Roswell in 1947.

We now know from reputable sources that the Soviets were about to upstage the American Apollo 8 and Apollo 11 missions by sending cosmonauts to orbit the moon. But their rockets failed, which some people believe is even more proof that it is impossible to send people to the moon. Unfortunately, the Soviet Union lacked the filmmaking technology of the United States and they were unable to fake their own moon missions. But they did find out about the American deception and blackmailed the United States into shipping them millions of tons of grain to buy their silence. Yuri Gagarin found out about this plan, which is why the KGB had him killed. Why else would the United States prevent its adversary from starving except to keep them silent about a major scandal?

Of course it is ironic that the Americans had to fake the moon landings, because they already had access to the flying saucer technology recovered at Roswell in 1947. The three alien pilots all died and were dissected at Wright Patterson Air Force Base, but the flying disc was relatively intact. Unfortunately, the Air Force was not able to successfully copy the disc's power source, which used a form of Zero Point Energy that the Nazis had tried to perfect. After nearly two decades of trying, the project was finally shelved until the technology was later revived in the 1980s and successfully used to power the Aurora spyplane during test flights in the Bermuda Triangle. Some of the flying disc technology was used in the Stealth Bomber. By an amazing coincidence, the same hangar at Area 51 that for years housed the alien craft was used as the soundstage for the faked moon landings. No American president knew about the Roswell craft or the aliens until Richard Nixon, which is why he had to be removed from office after he found out. Mr. X fed damaging information about Nixon to Woodward and Bernstein using the codename Deep Throat. A few years later, some people in Hollywood made a movie called Capricorn One about a faked Mars mission that also proved that the Apollo landings were fake. Mr. X was called out of retirement to deal with the people involved in this project, one by one. The movie starred O.J. Simpson, and Mr. X had him framed.

A few of Mr. X's lieutenants stayed with NASA and spent most of their time keeping space exploration expensive, destroying anybody who tried to make it accessible for ordinary people. They were remarkably successful at this. But they were not perfect. They failed to suppress pictures of the Face on Mars. But they were able to destroy a Mars craft in 1992 that would have taken more photos of the Face. By a truly ironic coincidence, their successful efforts in the 1980s to thwart the implementation of the metric system led to the destruction of another Mars spacecraft in the late 1990s that they had not planned on destroying.

Today most of the people who were involved in faking the moon landing have retired or died, although a few of them are involved in other things. Some of them helped the Contras smuggle drugs into the inner city, or framed Martha Stewart.

In the mid-1990s NASA's budget was being cut and the agency was under attack. So NASA leaders turned to some of Mr. X's trusted lieutenants and asked them to fake a Mars rover mission and boost the agency's image. The little Sojourner rover which was supposedly rolling around the Martian surface was actually filmed on a soundstage. But it was not in the same hangar used for the faked Apollo landings. That hangar at the time housed an alien UFO that crashed in Pennsylvania in the 1960s. So they used a Hollywood soundstage instead, which they rented from actress Mira Sorvino, who had gotten a Best Supporting Actress Oscar in 1992 in return for agreeing to work for the United States Government. Senator John Glenn found out about this. So, under orders from NASA Administrator Goldin and President Bill Clinton, Mr. X's lieutenants arranged to have Glenn fly on a space shuttle in order to buy his silence. But Clinton soon ran afoul of some of these powerful men, and we all know what happened to him (Lewinsky). Clinton has recently gotten payback in his memoir where he mentions the Apollo lunar landing hoax. You can look it up. Page 156.

Today most of the people who were involved in faking the moon landing have retired or died, although a few of them are involved in other things. Some of them helped the Contras smuggle drugs into the inner city, or framed Martha Stewart. Some of them now work for Halliburton (formerly Brown and Root-another coincidence?), where they run the program to build a natural gas pipeline through Afghanistan. George Bush was told to invade that country by his Saudi masters, some of whom are not even human, but aliens. Why do you think Saudi "women" wear those burkas? They hide their tentacles. Fortunately, Michael Moore is investigating.

However, although little of this original talent remains, today's technology is so advanced that it would be much easier to fake new space landings using computers and some basic props. That is why President Bush announced a new Mars program. NASA is right now remodeling the Area 51 soundstage. I hear that the fat guy who directed the Lord of the Rings movies is in charge of the project.

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It's all true. We never went to the Moon. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin never set foot on Mare Tranquilitatus. They filmed it all on a soundstage in Nevada's Area 51. Stanley Kubrick directed, slowing down the film speed to make it look like the astronauts were walking in low gravity.

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PAPER CHROMATROGRAPHY
(IS MATTER AROUND US PURE)

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TIME LAPSE OF CHROMATOGRAPHY

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ACTIVITY 1,2 AND 4

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Activity 4-Kit-Is Matter Around us pure?

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Activity 4-Kit-Is Matter Around us pure?

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Process of Chromatography
By Mahekk Mehta

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Activity 3-Kit-Is Matter Around us pure?

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Activity 3-Kit-Is Matter Around us pure?

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Process of Centrifugation
By Mahekk Mehta

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Activity 2-Kit-Is Matter Around us pure?

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Activity 2-Kit-Is Matter Around us pure?

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Making of a Colliod Solution
By Mahekk Mehta

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Activity 1-Kit-Is Matter Around us pure?

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Activity 1-Kit-Is Matter Around us pure?

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Concept Based on Collosion and Suspension
By Mahekk Mehta

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Is Matter Around Us Butterfly Kit

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IS MATTER AROUND US PURE.

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Dev Jain Butterfly kit activity

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The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020 has been awarded jointly to Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice “for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus.”.
The fight against blood-borne hepatitis, is a major global health problem that causes cirrhosis and liver cancer in people around the world.

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Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna won the Nobel Prize “for the development of a method for genome editing.”
In simple words they developed genetic scissors, sharpest tool in gene technology.

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BY MAHEKK MEHTA

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Happy teachers’ day
To those who light our way
The people we see every weekday

As They educate
They are more than just great

They teach and they guide
Sometimes they are stern
But joy and laughter they bring

A smile on our faces
A gleam in our eyes
It’s a teacher’s thing

English, science, math Hindi
SS
And more teachers alike
Make sure their lessons we like

Enjoyable and fun
Teachers are number one
Loved by children, parents, everyone

They do quite a bit
Grade assignments we submit late
Never ever do they quit

It’s quite so hard
To make kids into stars
But that’s a teacher’s gift

I know this poem’s getting long
It’s almost like a song
But I have so much to say

About the teachers here at ANA
Since it’s International teachers’ day

Thank you and happy International teachers’ day!
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By Mahekk Mehta

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Heartiest Congratulations to all our elected student council members for the academic year 2020-2021.

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This story appears in the October 2020 issue of National Geographic magazine.

A half century ago astronomers designed a map that would point to Earth from anywhere in the galaxy. Then they sent it into space, reasoning that any aliens smart enough to intercept a spacecraft could decode the map and uncover its origin. Many movies and TV shows have used variations on this theme as a plot point, but we didn't borrow it from science fiction. It's reality.

Truth is, this tale has been part of my family's lore since before I was born. Growing up, I'd heard stories about the map and seen its depiction on multiple interstellar spacecraft, and several years ago, I found the original, penciled-in pathway to Earth where my parents had stashed it. (More on this later.)

That was an exciting find! Then came the buzzkill: This original map won't be good for much longer, cosmically speaking. The signposts it uses will disappear within tens of millions of years, and even if they don't, the map would point toward our home for only a fraction of the 200 to 250 million years it takes the sun and other nearby stars to spin once around the Milky Way.

Sure, the chances of aliens intercepting the map are astronomically improbable-but if that did happen, an outdated map would be useless rather than helpful. And that wasn't the goal.

Why on Earth does this map even exist?

It was December 1971, and NASA was getting ready to launch Pioneer 10, a spacecraft that would sweep by Jupiter and make the first reconnaissance of the solar system's biggest planet. More stunningly, though, Pioneer 10's brush by Jupiter would sling it onto an interstellar trajectory, making it the first ever human-made object destined to leave the solar system.

With a little help from his friends, the astronomer Carl Sagan decided that the craft ought to carry a greeting from humanity-a message identifying and commemorating Pioneer's makers that would be interpretable by anyone who found it. NASA agreed and gave Carl less than a month to design the message.

This is when Carl's friend, the astronomer Frank Drake, enters the story. Frank is also my dad, and among other notable accomplishments, he is credited with conducting the first scientific search for noisy aliens and with formalizing a framework for estimating the number of detectable alien civilizations in the Milky Way galaxy. ( Read more about how Frank Drake changed astronomy.)

Carl asked Dad for help crafting the message while the two of them were in San Juan, Puerto Rico, for a meeting of the American Astronomical Society. Dad recalls that, in the lobby of the San Gerónimo Hilton, he and Carl quickly came up with ideas about what to include: line drawings depicting humans, a rendering of the spacecraft-and then, "in the next moment, we hit on the idea of a galactic map that would pinpoint the location of the Earth in space."

Dad designed that map, and in 1972 it flew into space aboard Pioneer 10. The next year Pioneer 11 launched, ultimately carrying the map past Saturn and now on to the stars. Then in 1977 both Voyager spacecraft left Earth carrying Dad's guide to finding our planet, which is etched onto the cover of the " golden record." The way Dad designed the map means that it points back to Earth both in space and in time, making it a galactic positioning system (a different kind of GPS) in four dimensions.

At the time, Dad and Carl didn't really worry that the aliens who found their message in a bottle might be of the more malevolent variety.

How the map was made

Our galactic neighborhood has no obvious street signs, and crafting a map pointing to one planet among the billions (and billions) of worlds populating the Milky Way is no simple feat.

Finding Earth means finding the solar system, and the sun is rather unremarkable. There's really no way to distinguish it from the other several hundred billion stars in the galaxy, each of which is tracing its own path around the galactic center and slowly shifting in location relative to its neighbors. That stellar jostling means the constellations spangling Earth's skies won't be the same in our near future-nor do the stars align in the same recognizable configurations from anywhere other than the solar neighborhood. In fact, in about 2,000 years, Polaris will no longer be the North Star, just as it was not the polestar for ancient Egyptian, Babylonian, and Chinese sky-watchers.

So, what to do? Though normal stars with churning nuclear engines in their cores might not have distinctive fingerprints, Dad realized that pulsars-the corpses of stars that once were much larger than the sun-are potentially uniquely identifiable. Discovered in 1967, pulsars spin very rapidly, often hundreds of times per second. Using powerful radio telescopes, astronomers can measure with extreme precision how quickly pulsars rotate, meaning that each of these spinning stellar relics writes its own signature in space. Dad selected 14 pulsars that could triangulate Earth's position, and he coded information about their rotation rates into the map.

It's not your typical map

Appropriately, Dad's pulsar map looks like a fancy asterisk, a radial explosion of hatched lines that intersect at our solar system's location. Briefly, here's how his map works:

Each of the lines connect Earth to a pulsar. The hatch marks are binary numbers that reveal the pulsar's rotation rate (at the time the map was designed), and line lengths are roughly proportional to distance. Some of the pulsars parked on Dad's map-for example, the Crab and Vela-sit in the centers of beautiful nebulae created during the pulsars' violent formations. Presumably, any civilizations sharp enough to detect and snare a quiet interstellar spacecraft would know about pulsars. And by matching the rotation periods on the map with stellar signposts in the sky, aliens could find their way to Earth relatively easily.

In addition, because the energy we see from pulsars comes from their spin and they slow down over time, Dad's map also points to Earth in the fourth dimension. By calculating the difference between the observed and coded rotation periods-a difference that will be apparent after thousands of years-aliens could figure out how long ago the map was made.

Perhaps somewhat surprisingly, Dad's map became lodged in the popular imagination and is now commonly found on everything from T-shirts to tattoos. I guess there's something captivating about always being able to find your way home, even in the most cosmic sense imaginable.

Keeping it in the family: A love story

Several years ago, two significant things happened. I found the original, penciled-in pulsar map, folded away and casually tucked into a tomato box in my parents' closet. And I linked up with a rock climber named Scott Ransom, one of the world's more prolific pulsar astronomers.

Scott had been thinking about the Voyagers, the "golden record," and the pulsar map since he was a 10-year-old in Mansfield, Ohio, watching Carl's Cosmos television show. Some years and an astronomy Ph.D. later, he realized that Dad's map has a near-future expiration date. Its Achilles' heel is the same property that lets it pinpoint Earth in time: Pulsars slow down, and the ones Dad had chosen (from the few known at the time) would fade and disappear within several million years, give or take a few millennia.

Coincidentally, Scott had set out to make a new, more precise, and longer-lived pulsar map even before we moved in together and portmanteau'd ourselves into the Dranksomes. Now I write the words that tell our stories, and Scott does the important cartographic stuff such as choosing pulsars and deriving their binary codes. He occasionally drafts some text passages, but you'll never catch me committing academic acts of astronomy.

A newer, better map to Earth

Scott's new map is a GPS for the ages. It navigates to Earth using pulsars both inside and outside the Milky Way, with a twist.
(This is Frank Drake and Carl Sagan's original map. Explore Scott Ransom's new map here.)
Instead of the more ordinary pulsars Dad selected, the new map employs millisecond pulsars that spin faster, last longer, and have also-dead orbital companions. These binary pulsars afford a second set of identifiers: the orbital period of the system, which does not change over billions of years. And, crucially, millisecond pulsars age much more slowly than the ones in Dad's map, meaning that it takes thousands of times longer for their spins to become unrecognizable.

In addition, Scott included another layer of signposts: pulsars in globular clusters orbiting the Milky Way. Ancient clumps of stars that predate the Milky Way, globular clusters are gorgeous and mysterious, and they are veritable millisecond pulsar factories.

By including signposts in these hard-to-miss stellar globs outside the galaxy, Scott's map allows Earth to be discoverable for billions of years, even after the Milky Way's stars have trekked around the galactic core multiple times, shuffling their positions and obliterating constellations.

And Dad, for the record, thinks that's spectacular.

But first, someone has to read it

Dad's map, of course, is still out there-but chances are slim to zero that the Pioneers or Voyagers carrying it will be intercepted. Though all four spacecraft are on interstellar trajectories, space is big, and the next stellar systems on the horizon are many thousands of years away. Plus, the spacecraft are tiny and will be completely quiet within the next couple of decades, making them extremely hard to detect.

As for sending the new map: There's no Voyager-like space probe scheduled for launch anytime soon. But if this map did hitch a ride beyond our solar system, and if it got scooped up by intelligent space aliens, the map should be quite easy for them to read and follow.

That raises all sorts of questions: Would extraterrestrial beings at those distances have the means to reach Earth? If so and they head our way, what if they don't come in peace? What if they're hangry? And what if they're not vegetarians?

Here's the fundamental question that didn't stop Carl and Dad: Is it a good idea to randomly send our address into the cosmos? Today, some folks would have no reservations, given that earthly transmissions already are leaking into space and, traveling at the speed of light, are detectable by anyone with a decent radio telescope living within a hundred light-years of us. Other folks, perhaps more cautiously, would hold off on announcing our presence until we know if ETs have honorable intentions. ( This is what a Martian looks like-according to Carl Sagan.)

As for the Dranksomes: We'd gladly send out the new map to Earth, as a bid to ensure that our presence as a species would live on in some form. If that message in a bottle were finally picked up, after bobbing and drifting through the galactic ocean for millions or billions of years, someone would know that Earthlings did exist-or, with luck, still do.

From Nadia Drake: "I'm a contributing writer withNational Geographic who loves getting lost in Earth's buggy, overgrown jungles (and then finding my way home)." FromScott Ransom: "I'm an astronomer at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory and the University of Virginia who loves pulsars, maps, codes, and Nadia."

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NASA sent a map to space to help aliens find Earth. Now it needs an update.

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This story appears in the October 2020 issue of National Geographic magazine. A half century ago astronomers designed a map that would point to Earth from anywhere in the galaxy. Then they sent it into space, reasoning that any aliens smart enough to intercept a spacecraft could decode the map and uncover its origin.

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This year continues to be marked by the life-altering and-all too often-life-ending coronavirus.

From Seoul to Baltimore, people are getting swabbed, donning face masks, and home schooling. But it's hard to mask human nature-just take a family of musicians in Kenya who are composing ballads about hand sanitizing as one small example.

The virus also isn't stopping the human capacity to fight for change. Street protests against police brutality following the murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis, Minnesota, continue to this day. Photographers are capturing quiet moments of grace, such as the lone figure of a man who calls himself "Royal G" holding an American flag inscribed with the words "I can't breathe" above police officers in New York City. "I'm here because I want to make a difference," he said. "I'm here because I don't believe in the violence." And photographers are capturing moments of turmoil, such as the anguished moment after a protestor is struck in the eye by a rubber bullet.

Other global problems continue to define our times and capture our photographers' imaginations, too, from the mountain that must be scaled to address the inequities surrounding girls' education to the momentous toll that climate change is taking on the environment. But there is also beauty in unexpected places, such as a car wash that hires autistic adults, or a rocket taking us one step forward into a reinvigorated world of space travel, testament to our search for knowledge and scientific advancement no matter our circumstances.

In short: 2020 continues to be a visually astonishing year.

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Our best photos from a fraught spring capture turmoil-and moments of grace

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This year continues to be marked by the life-altering and-all too often-life-ending coronavirus. From Seoul to Baltimore, people are getting swabbed, donning face masks, and home schooling. But it's hard to mask human nature-just take a family of musicians in Kenya who are composing ballads about hand sanitizing as one small example.

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Object drawing.

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Bhavika Dhakate

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BY ARIHA

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You can make a difference and you know it.
Upload the posters you made depicting the importance of fossil fuels and to create awareness for its judicious consumption.

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by kanishka

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SMALL THINGS THAT BRIGHTEN LIFE.
LIKE THESE LITTLE BUDS AND FLOWERS THAT GREW IN MY PLANT.

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Dance makes me feel high in spirit and soul

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She is my Queen and Idol

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SANDPAPER DRAWING

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canvas painting

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Gratitude

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by kanishka

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Save the Date!!