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The writer of "Joyas Voladares" is Brian Doyle. Doyle was a writer from Oregon who used many metaphors of nature and animals in his writings in order to convey his message. Most likely coming from Doyle's own experiences with relationships and family, he understands the importance and the impact of each moment in life, and how those moments can change a person. Brian Doyle's son Liam, had to undergo multiple heart surgeries due to his congenial condition, these events influenced the importance a heart holds, and how life can be taken within a moment. This idea is broadly displayed in Brian Doyle's "Joyas Voladares."

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The audience of the essay is intended to be older adults and  those who have experienced more within their own lives that consist of heartbreak, continual loss, and other hardships. Because of each one of these struggles, the audience is portrayed by Doyle to build walls around their heart that shield them from further heartbreak and loss. This audience is important because even though these "brick walls" that they intend to put up around their feelings and their heart, it is explicitly noted by Doyle how within a second these walls can collapse because of moments that bring happiness, and moments that build up as well as break down a person. This brings hope to the audience because it reveals the undeniable impact that specific moments have on a person, like the memory of a father's voice, and how these tiny specs in time can instantly bring down these walls, and invoke feelings either good or bad, into the heart of that very person that had initially felt so numbed by the world.

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This essay was published on June 12, 2012. The author, Brian Doyle, wrote this piece in Oregon following his sons multiple heart surgeries years before. These events influenced Brian Doyle as he wrote, because it created passion in the essay, as the meaning behind the essay meant something very personal and traumatic for him, while he discusses the importance of enjoying each moment in life, seeing as though he almost lost his son's in an instant. Brian Doyle grew up with a very large family of six brothers and one sister in New York. His relationship with his family was important to him, and therefore influenced his writing on the importance of appreciating time with family and loved ones. Doyle's mother Ethel Doyle died in 2004, and this event likely shaped the content and purpose of this essay as well.

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Doyle began to write this essay most likely after learning from his past mistakes. Doyle wants to help teach his audience to never waste away their time or life doing things they will regret or things that will not benefit them in the future. He mentions in his essay that "every creature on earth has approximately two billion heartbeats to spend in a lifetime." After Doyle realized he had been living a regretful life, wasting away his precious heartbeats & time, he decided to speak out to his audience in this essay, through targeting the fact that everyone only has a certain amount of time to live their life & they must use it wisely.

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Doyle's purpose in writing "Joyas Voladares." is to emphasize the necessity of treasuring each moment in life, good or bad, in order to reveal how much a heart can hold within a person's lifetime, and the importance each moment has in the shaping of one's character and emotion. Doyle's intention is to invoke a feeling of worth in the audience for every moment in life that they are given. Instead of passively going life's ups and downs, Doyle intends to create a sense of purpose in the reader involving life, and he wishes for the reader to appreciate and soak up the events of life.

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Throughout the story Doyle uses many different tones to appeal to the audience. In the first two paragraphs Doyle begins by using a specific and factual tone, "A hummingbird’s heart beats ten times a second. A hummingbird’s heart is the size of a pencil eraser....", he clearly states multiple facts about the hummingbird's heart in the introduction to engage the audience and frame the story with captivating background information. This tone later transfers into a passionate tone as Doyle compares hummingbirds to humans. He makes the following statement regarding the hummingbird, "...each the most amazing thing you have never seen, each thunderous wild heart the size of an infant’s fingernail, each mad heart silent, a brilliant music stilled.", to show the audience how exceptional the hummingbird and it's heart are. There is a shift in tone when Doyle begins to explain the meaning behind what the heart actually symbolizes. As he begins explaining time in relation to a beating heart, the tone shifts from lively and positive to regretful and negative. He includes the shift to a more melancholy tone to help the audience understand the importance of not taking any of their heart beats or moments in life for granted. He mentions "When young we think there will come one person who will savor and sustain us always; when we are older we know this is the dream of a child, that all hearts finally are bruised and scarred, scored and torn..." so the audience in return can see this regretful/saddened tone & learn from the ideas Doyle is describing in order to inspire the audience to become more optimistic and hopeful during life's different events.

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Doyle purposely organizes his essay in different sections to separate the facts about hummingbirds, the comparison between the hearts of different living things, the time these animals spend using their heartbeats, and the lesson to never waste them away. In the first two paragraphs, Doyle showcases the humming birds anatomy and states multiple facts about its heart and the time it spends doing different things. He highlights and admires the traits that the hummingbirds have over humans later in this section. As he begins to transfer the topic into a broader section he describes the hearts of other living things and ties in the phrase "We all churn inside.". The last main section of his essay uses many words with negative connotations & figurative language to capture the audience's attention to teach them about the consequences of not treasuring their life & the importance of spending each one of their heartbeats intelligently.

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Features (devices - figurative & syntactical, word choice, sentence structure)

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Features (devices - figurative & syntactical, word choice, sentence structure)

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Throughout the essay Doyle uses multiple devices to enhance his writing & allow the reader to visualize what is being written. In the second paragraph he uses imagery to describe what the hummingbird looks like, ..."red-tailed comets and amethyst woodstars, rainbow-bearded thornbills and glittering-bellied emeralds, velvet-purple coronets and golden-bellied star-frontlets..." . Using these descriptive and vivacious words highlights the beauty of the creatures Doyle is trying to convey to the audience. At the beginning of the third paragraph he states "To drive those metabolisms they have race-car hearts that eat oxygen at an eye-popping rate.". This metaphor compares the hummingbirds heart rate to the speed of a race car that pumps oxygen so fast it could be described as eating oxygen. He uses this metaphor to give the audience perspective on how fast the hummingbirds heart really is in comparison to a human heart. Towards the end of this paragraph Doyle uses the anaphora, "You burn out. You fry the machine. You melt the engine," to explain to the audience the cost at which flying comes for hummingbirds and how their hearts can beat fast for only so long. The anaphora also adds continuity in the ideas stringing the different form of very similar phrases together. Doyle states in the first sentence of the last paragraph "So much held in a heart in a lifetime. So much held in a heart in a day, an hour, a moment." He uses an asyndeton to emphasize the main idea of the whole essay. The phrase sums up the idea that life takes a toll on the heart and it must be used wisely. The sense of rhythm makes the phrase more simple and memorable for the audience to easily understand. Lastly, in the middle of the last paragraph, Doyle uses exaggerated diction to explain what happens to a heart in a lifetime. He states "that all hearts finally are bruised and scarred, scored and torn, repaired by time and will, patched by force of character, yet fragile and rickety forevermore, no matter how ferocious the defense and how many bricks you bring to the wall.", in order to emphasize the idea that through life the heart will be beat down, but every moment should still be treasured and not taken for granted.

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Brian Doyle emotionally appeals to the audience by including the events that cause a person to feel "the memory of your father's voice early in the morning," in order to reveal the impact of life's little moments. His display of these emotional events invoke a sense of hope in the reader for the good to come even throughout the bad. Doyle's use of logical and factual appeals in his narrations of the intricate lives of hummingbirds, whales, and reptiles, "A hummingbird’s heart beats ten times a second," reveals the different capacities of each one's heart, and demonstrates the idea of love, and how it can build up over time either quickly or slowly. He seems to be factual in his description of each animal because of the intense detail that he used especially in the description of the mitochondria, and the muscle fibers in the heart that make up a hummingbirds anatomy. This intense detail when comparing for example the heart rate of the hummingbird and the tortoise, further display the choice of human beings to spend each heartbeat as they would desire, whether it be to enjoy life slowly (the tortoise) or very quickly like the hummingbird's rapid heartbeat. The detailed comparison and use of fact based knowledge when comparing the different sized hearts of the whale and the hummingbird, reveal that  even the largest hearts have emotion and long for love, " the animals with the largest hearts in the world generally travel in pairs, and their penetrating moaning cries, their piercing yearning tongue, can be heard underwater for miles and miles."

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In Brian Doyle's 2012 essay, "Joyas Voldares," Doyle asserts the necessity of recognizing and enjoying each moment in life that one is capable of experiencing. Doyle supports this assertion by comparing and contrasting the life styles and spans of mammals, birds, and reptiles, and narrating the uniqueness of each organisms daily tasks, risks, and encounters with other living creatures that drastically can alter their life. Brian Doyle's purpose is to highlight the importance of treasuring each second of life whether full of joy or full of sorrow, in order to inspire the reader to appreciate the moments that grow and shape one's identity and emotions, because within an instant, life could could cease to exist. Boyle's establishes a passionate and thought invoking tone to an audience of hopeless, older adults, looking for meaning and feeling through a life of uncertainty.