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Exercises

1)She didn’t feel like another coffee as she ___ one. (just have)

a)had just had b)have just have c)have just had

2)We had the French exam this morning. It ___ as hard as I’d expected, though.

a) isn’t b)wasn’t c)hadn’t

3)I asked Sara if she wanted to go for a walk, but she still ___ her homework. (finish)

a)haven’t finish b)hadn’t finish c)hadn’t finished

4)Dinosaurs ___ hundreds of millions of years ago. (live)

a)live b)has lived c)had lived

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BY+A TIME
I had done my homewors by 9.

( 9'a kadar odevlerimi yapmıştım.)

They had worked in the office by 11.

(11'e kadar ofiste çalışmışlardı.)

The young man had been busy with garden by 5.

(Genç adam 5’e kadar bahçeyle meşguldü)

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BY THE TIME
By the time they found a solution, they had studied hard.

(Bir çözüm bulana kadar çok çalışmışlardı)

-By the time I arrived home, my mom had called me seven times.

(Eve varana kadar annem beni yedi kez aramıştı)

-She had finished cooking by 7.

(Saat 7’ye kadar yemek yapmayı bitirmişti)

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UNTIL

We can use past simple negative + until + past perfect to talk about an action that didn't happen before something else happened first.

•The party couldn't start until Kate had arrived. (Kate arrived, and then the party could start.)

We can also use the past perfect negative + until to talk about something which didn't happen before a particular time in the past.
They hadn't had a foreign holiday until this summer.

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Question(?)

•Had they gone out when you called?

•Had they been married when I was born?

•Had the woman cried till the morning?

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negative(-)

•I hadn't prepared lunch yet when she came in.

•She had not her homework so she was sad.

•They hadn't gone out when you called.

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BEFORE

•before+past simple

Before I did my homework,I had written two letters.
-
•Before she left the house,she had locked all the windows and doors.

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AFTER

after+had3+2
•After I had done my homework,I went to bed.

•After they had finished their work,they went to nearest pub for a drink.

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2)when,after,before

-WHEN
•When he had finished eating lunch,he went out to see Jennifer.

•I had just poured myself a glass of wine WHEN you knocked on the door.

•When my father left Istanbul,he had worked there for sixteen years.

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1)when we specify a time point in the past for events that happened before that time point and events that happened before an event in the past

•I had already finished my work at 2.00 yesterday

•I hardly recognized my uncle after fifteen years.He had put on a lot of weight