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Vocabulary.1. Instrument.A tool implement used for manipulation o measurement.2. Theodolite.It is a mechanical-optical measuring instrument that is used to obtain vertical and horizontal angles, in most cases, a field in which it has a high precision. With other auxiliary tools you can measure distances and unlevels.3. ReticleIt is a set of two or more crossed or parallel threads that are placed overlapping in the field of view of a sight or other optical device.4. Tachymeter.Instrument of topography to measure on a ground the vertical and horizontal angles and the distances between their vertices.5. Leveling SightAlso called statehood in Latin America, it is a graduate rule that allows by means of a topographic level, to measure uneven levels, that is to say, differences of height.

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Vocabulary.1. Instrument.A tool implement used for manipulation o measurement.2. Theodolite.It is a mechanical-optical measuring instrument that is used to obtain vertical and horizontal angles, in most cases, a field in which it has a high precision. With other auxiliary tools you can measure distances and unlevels.3. ReticleIt is a set of two or more crossed or parallel threads that are placed overlapping in the field of view of a sight or other optical device.4. Tachymeter.Instrument of topography to measure on a ground the vertical and horizontal angles and the distances between their vertices.5. Leveling SightAlso called statehood in Latin America, it is a graduate rule that allows by means of a topographic level, to measure uneven levels, that is to say, differences of height.

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Vocabulario.1. Instrumento.Un implemento de herramienta usado para la manipulación o medición.2. Teodolito. Es un instrumento de medición mecánico-óptico que se utiliza para obtener ángulos verticales y horizontales, en la mayoría de los casos, ámbito en el cual tiene una precisión elevada. Con otras herramientas auxiliares puede medir distancias y desniveles3. Retículo Es un conjunto de dos o más hilos cruzados o paralelos que se colocan superpuestos en el campo de visión de una mira u otro aparato óptico4. Taquimetro.Instrumento de topografía para medir sobre un terreno los ángulos verticales y horizontales y las distancias entre sus vértices.5. Mira de nivelaciónTambién llamado estadal en Latinoamérica, es una regla graduada que permite mediante un nivel topográfico, medir desniveles, es decir, diferencias de altura.

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Vocabulario.1. Instrumento.Un implemento de herramienta usado para la manipulación o medición.2. Teodolito. Es un instrumento de medición mecánico-óptico que se utiliza para obtener ángulos verticales y horizontales, en la mayoría de los casos, ámbito en el cual tiene una precisión elevada. Con otras herramientas auxiliares puede medir distancias y desniveles3. Retículo Es un conjunto de dos o más hilos cruzados o paralelos que se colocan superpuestos en el campo de visión de una mira u otro aparato óptico4. Taquimetro.Instrumento de topografía para medir sobre un terreno los ángulos verticales y horizontales y las distancias entre sus vértices.5. Mira de nivelaciónTambién llamado estadal en Latinoamérica, es una regla graduada que permite mediante un nivel topográfico, medir desniveles, es decir, diferencias de altura.

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Instrument: Total Station (topography)Topographical instrumentation has varied and advanced at par with electronics. We can remember the chains and ropes that the Babylonians and Egyptians used in the year 3000 A. of C. (1), the advance that the Nomon and the Dióptria, the introduction of the indirect measurement of distances over the year 1300, the slow and expensive improvement of the spectacles and of The angular measurement has given its fruit and result.The "Dioptra" or horizontal plane for measuring angles and leveling had its principle in a U-tube with water, which served to horizontalizar the platform.Ptolemy, towards the year 150 a. of C. Discovered the applying quadrant with astronomical observations (2). It can be considered as a predecessor of thetheodolite to the astrolabe of Hipparchus.Viturbio was also the builder of the first squadron applying the foundation of the rectangle's Pythagorean triangle.Tobias Mayer changed the actual threads of the reticle, up to the date of spider threads, by a recordingon the lens itself. Ignacio Porro contributed with his telescope and tachymeter autorreductor to advances in the field of instrumentation.Adrien Bordalouë manufactured the first sight for leveling (3), fact that boosted the study and manufacture of autorreductores.Studies and attempts were made to obtain the firstautomatic level (4), having to wait until 1946, year in which the Russian Stodolkjewich put in practice these principles.With the emergence of electronic systems to capture angles (5), the race against time has been even faster and more effective, obtaining digital theodolites more accurate than before and even lowering market prices. Also the electronics allows compensating systems of one, two or three axes par the verticality of the instrument. We can refer to the latest models of the motorized stations, in both versions, both for rethinking of points and robotics that by means of a search system (6) and tracking of the prism can go taking data without operator. Finally indicate that the systems of positioning Global (GPS) allow us the capture of data in real time (7).

# data[].attributes.subject
Instrument: Total Station (topography)Topographical instrumentation has varied and advanced at par with electronics. We can remember the chains and ropes that the Babylonians and Egyptians used in the year 3000 A. of C. (1), the advance that the Nomon and the Dióptria, the introduction of the indirect measurement of distances over the year 1300, the slow and expensive improvement of the spectacles and of The angular measurement has given its fruit and result.The "Dioptra" or horizontal plane for measuring angles and leveling had its principle in a U-tube with water, which served to horizontalizar the platform.Ptolemy, towards the year 150 a. of C. Discovered the applying quadrant with astronomical observations (2). It can be considered as a predecessor of thetheodolite to the astrolabe of Hipparchus.Viturbio was also the builder of the first squadron applying the foundation of the rectangle's Pythagorean triangle.Tobias Mayer changed the actual threads of the reticle, up to the date of spider threads, by a recordingon the lens itself. Ignacio Porro contributed with his telescope and tachymeter autorreductor to advances in the field of instrumentation.Adrien Bordalouë manufactured the first sight for leveling (3), fact that boosted the study and manufacture of autorreductores.Studies and attempts were made to obtain the firstautomatic level (4), having to wait until 1946, year in which the Russian Stodolkjewich put in practice these principles.With the emergence of electronic systems to capture angles (5), the race against time has been even faster and more effective, obtaining digital theodolites more accurate than before and even lowering market prices. Also the electronics allows compensating systems of one, two or three axes par the verticality of the instrument. We can refer to the latest models of the motorized stations, in both versions, both for rethinking of points and robotics that by means of a search system (6) and tracking of the prism can go taking data without operator. Finally indicate that the systems of positioning Global (GPS) allow us the capture of data in real time (7).