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Does drinking lemon water in the morning help you lose weight?

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125 subjects were randomly assigned to drink one full cup of lemon water every morning. The other 125 were assigned to drink a full cup of plain water.

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We found that 250 men and women who had a BMI of 25.0 to 29.9 (overweight)

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Our explanatory variable is the cup of treatment that each group received: lemon water or plain water.

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We are not able to blind our subjects because they will know that we are putting lemon in their water because they will taste it and they all go to the same gym and will talk. And we cannot double blind because our team is small and we all know who is in which group.

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We had the gym give us a list of 250 people. We numbered them all on the list and used a random number table to select 125 subjects for the treatment group. Potential lurking variables are metabolism rates, muscle mass, height, and diet. By randomizing, we can reduce the impact of these lurking variables.

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We waited outside the local gym and when customers who fit in the BMI range joined the gym, they were asked if they wanted to be apart of a free 12 week program.

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We matched people up by gender, height, and body composition prior to the study and randomly picked one to get lemon water and one to not get it. This will help us compare results when we are done.

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We will replicate this study with an additional 250 new subject, to verify that the results are valid and significant. We will possibly go to a different gym and study people with an even higher BMI next time.

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At the end of the 12 weeks, we recalculated the BMI of each person.

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We randomized all 250 people and the results and the randomized difference in the results was 0.5 BMI points. Thus the results are significantly significant, as a 4.8 difference could not be received by random chance.

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Our control group is the 125 people who drink a cup of plain water. There will not be a placebo because that is not possible for our type of experiment.

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With a sample size of 250, the margin of error is set at 6.3%. This low margin of error is good, and means that my results should be a good representation of the population.

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At the end of the 12 week study, the average BMI for the lemon water group was 20. The average BMI for the control group was 24.8. Both groups lost weight and lowered their BMI, but the lemon water group brought it down by 4.8 more points.

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Our results were published in a health journal. Most of the participants continued to lose weight and their lives were changed. Lemon water is now marketed as a health food/drink.