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An exposure system used in some automatic cameras in which the aperture is selected by the user and the appropriate shutter speed is controlled automatically.

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Focal length is often printed right on the camera lens. A lens with a 100mm focal length set to an f-stop off/10 has an aperture diameter of 10mm. Keep in mind that doubling the f-stop number halves the size of the aperture opening.

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In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane.

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The visual quality of the out-of-focus areas of a photographic image, especially as rendered by a particular lens.

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The focal length of the lens is the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus, usually stated in millimeters (e.g., 28 mm, 50 mm, or 100 mm). In the case of zoom lenses, both the minimum and maximum focal lengths are stated, for example 18–55 mm.

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The distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera.

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A digital single-lens reflex camera (also called a digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, as opposed to photographic film.

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A set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

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Both Vibration Reduction (Nikon) and Image Stabilization (Canon) is a technology that helps stabilize the lens movement associated from hand shake which helps eliminate blurry photos resulting from hand shake or too slow of a shutter speed.

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A very small or concise description, representation, or summary.

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Manual mode is one of the main settings on your camera, and it lets you manually control shutter speed, aperture, and ISO. ... The auto modes (Auto, Program), and semi automatic modes (Aperture Priority, and Shutter Priority) on your camera are great places to start.

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The "program" in Program mode refers to the fact that you can fiddle with the shutter speed and aperture combo. No matter whether you choose Auto or Program, the camera chooses an aperture and shutter speed combination that will give you a good exposure.

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Offers in-camera guidance displaying step-by-step how to change camera settings.

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Shutter priority refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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Automatic mode is a mode in a digital camera where the camera's software fully controls all aspects of the photograph, from the shutter speed to the aperture setting to the focus.

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This is where the camera makes a best guess on a shot by shot basis. You’ll find it works in many situations but it’s worth venturing out of it for trickier lighting.

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This mode is usually symbolized with a little bulb and is for shooting indoors, especially under tungsten (incandescent) lighting (such as bulb lighting). It generally cools down the colors in photos.

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This compensates for the ‘cool’ light of fluorescent light and will warm up your shots.

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Not all cameras have this setting because it sets things as fairly ‘normal’ white balance settings.

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The flash of a camera can be quite a cool light so in Flash WB mode you’ll find it warms up your shots a touch.

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This setting generally warms things up a touch more than ‘daylight’ mode.

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The light in shade is generally cooler (bluer) than shooting in direct sunlight so this mode will warm things up a little.

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Autofocus points are what the camera uses to focus on a subject. You'll probably first notice them when you press the shutter halfway. Many cameras will emit a "beep," and some of the AF points will light up (often in a red or green color) in the viewfinder or on the display screen.

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In photography, bracketing is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings. ... Auto bracketing is automatic bracketing by using a setting on the camera to take several bracketed shots (in contrast to the photographer altering the settings by hand between each shot).

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An electronic viewfinder is a camera viewfinder where the image captured by the lens is projected electronically onto a miniature display. The image on this display is used to assist in aiming the camera at the scene to be photographed.

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A light meter is a device used to measure the amount of light. ... Typically a light meter will include either digital or analog electronic circuit, which allows the photographer to determine which shutter speed and f-number should be selected for an optimum exposure, given a certain lighting situation and film speed.

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A point-and-shoot camera, also known as compact camera, is a still camera designed primarily for simple operation.

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The amount of time your shutter is open and exposed to light.

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This means the camera will keep taking a picture until your finger comes off the shutter button. Bulb mode is mostly used for long exposures at night. The main advantage is that it allows the photographer to achieve shutter speeds longer than the 30 seconds (displayed 30″ on the camera) that is allowed on most DSLRs.

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Motion blur is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, either due to rapid movement or long exposure.

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A tripod is a balancing device with three legs to keep the camera still, a monopod has one leg and will steady your shot.

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Light painting, or light drawing, is a photographic technique in which exposures are made by moving a hand-held light source while taking a long exposure photograph, either to illuminate a subject or to shine a point of light directly at the camera, or by moving the camera itself during exposure.

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The exposure triangle is a common way of associating the three variables that determine the exposure of a photograph: aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.

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Exposure compensation is used to alter exposure from the value selected by the camera, making photographs brighter or darker. In modes P, S, and A, the camera automatically adjusts settings for optimal exposure, but this may not always produce the exposure the photographer intended.

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In burst mode, several photographs are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down. This is used mainly when the subject is in successive motion, such as sports photography.

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Time lapse is taking photos or video over a long period then assembling the images or rapidly play the video to show a long period of time over a short period of time.

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The term post-processing (or postproc for short) is used in the video/film business for quality-improvement image processing (specifically digital image processing) methods used in video playback devices, (such as stand-alone DVD-Video players), and video players software and transcoding software.

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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The size of an image taken at different resolution. The amount of detail that the camera can capture is called the resolution, and it is measured in pixels. The more pixels a camera has, the more detail it can capture and the larger pictures can be without becoming blurry or "grainy."

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A fish eye lens is an ultra wide-angle lens that produces strong visual distortion intended to create a wide panoramic or hemispherical image. Fish eye lenses achieve extremely wide angles of view.

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Unintentional slight movement of a camera during photography or filming, liable to cause blurring of the image.

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Swiveling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position.

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range of gray shades from white to black, as used in a monochrome display or printout.

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A reddish-brown color associated particularly with monochrome photographs of the 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Highlights are the lightest areas of an image, therefore the parts that have the most light hitting it. ... Images that tend to have lots of shadows and highlights and few mid tones have high contrast – the effect is dramatic, especially in black and white images but it can be overly harsh in your average photograph.

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A highlight is a bright spot in a photograph. Normally it is assumed to be one of the brightest points in the image. Highlights are normally created by a bright or intense illumination or by various forms of diffusion or reflection. Highlights are created by any bright light source.

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Shadows are not simply a dark mass that borders the light. Rather, shadows are an entity as alive as the light. It is the shadows that shape the light, that draw attention to the light, and that integrate with the light to produce striking photographic opportunities.