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Yes, I believe this was an act of genocide. 100%. I believe this because during the war a certain group of people were targeted, based on ethnicity and religion, which they called "ethnic-cleansing." What happened during this time almost exactly matches the UN definition of genocide, which is "the act of killing many people with the intent to destroy a national, ethnic, racial or religious group." Because of these reasons, this was definitely an act of genocide.

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13,000 people are still missing today from Srebrenica which is 38% of the total missing from the entire Bosnian War itself. Later on, Serb forces made mass graves for the lives lost throughout Bosnia and Serbia (also pictured in the background photo). But, the toll of victims continues to grow as more remains are discovered. Many survivors are still traumatized and many live in poverty. Even after two decades, some still live in refugee camps, still not able to let go of the past (which is very understandable). Some survivors have built new lives for themselves. Groups like the Mothers of Srebrenica advocate for UN reparations, assistance from the Bosnian government, recognition and reparations from the Serbs, and for the victims to get proper attention and justice.

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Radovan Karadzic became president of the Bosnian Serb republic that allied with the rump of the Yugoslav federation. Along with some others, he began a campaign to take control  of parts of Bosnia and to purge the areas of non-Serb citizens. Throughout the years of the genocide (1992-1995), he sought out harsh military actions. He ordered for the execution of 7,000 Bosniaks in the town of Srebrenia in July. Later, on July 25 and November 16 of 1995, the ICTY charged him for crimes that included genocide, murder, rape, and other mistreatment against the people. He was held responsible for the ethnic-cleansing that took place against tens of thousands of Bosniaks and Croats.

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How did the war and genocide effect people? -Imani

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How did the war and genocide effect people? -Imani

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The war had tons of casualties and negative impacts on the countries that fought in it and the civilians within the countries. The war violated many human rights violations, like genocide. Due to the genocide, 50% of Bosnian homes were destroyed, 2 million Bosnians were displaced, 50,000 women and girls were raped, and 100,000 civilians are dead. Over 10,500 former soldiers now suffer from PTSD. They are 7 times more likely to kill themselves. A large part of the population from the war have high suicide rates and depression. Over 60% of people suffer from PTSD and 73% suffer from stress.

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Bosnia is a single state that is still divided into two nations today even after the Dayton Agreement ended the Bosnian War in December 1995: A Muslim-Croat Federation with 51% of Bosnia-Herzegovina (including Sarajevo) and the Bosnian-Serb Republic with 49%.

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The signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement.

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This is the aftermath of the Bosnian War.

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Here is a photo of one of the mass killings where men and children were taken to certain locations to be killed.

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Srebrenica Massacre (Srebrenica Genocide, Bosnian Genocide) Kamenica Budak Mass Grave Exhumations Exhibit 6

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Genocide is the act of killing many people with the intent to destroy a national, ethnic, racial or religious group.

Killing members of a specific group

Causes serious bodily or mental harm to members of group

Deliberately inflicting on the group's conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part

Imposing measures to prevent future births within the group

Forcing the transfer of children from the group to another

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The Bosnian Genocide took place during the Bosnian War from 1992-1995. Serbian forces targeted Bosniak (Bosnian Muslims) and Croatian civilians. The whole thing started because the Yugoslav republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina declared it's independence from Yugoslavia.

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Was This an Act of Genocide?                    - Rivota

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Was This an Act of Genocide?                    - Rivota

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Yes, I do believe that the killings in the Bosnian Genocide do match the UN definition of genocide, in that many were intentionally killed from a specific group (Bosniaks and Croatians) during the process of “ethnic cleansing”, which was meant to wipe out the group entirely. This almost exactly matches the very definition of genocide, stated as being "the act of killing many people with the intent to destroy a national, ethnic, racial or religious group". Ethnic cleansing is another term used to define the killing of many people from a specific group with the intent to destroy the group entirely. The group of Serb forces was trying to completely remove all non-Serbs from the area, and the process occurred during more than one day and at more than one location. Women were sexually assaulted, and men and boys were sent to specific locations to be killed. In addition, this was recognized as a genocide in articles, television, and during trials. Because of these reasons, I believe that this was, without a doubt, an act of genocide.

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"Bosnia's 'Safe Areas': West Sets The Stage For A Human Tragedy: The". The Independent, 1993, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/bosnias-safe-areas-west-sets-the-stage-for-a-human-tragedy-the-creation-of-un-safe-refugee-zones-1490291.html. Accessed 7 Apr 2020.

"Modern Genocide: Understanding Causes And Consequences - Username ". Moderngenocide.Abc-Clio.Com, 2020, https://moderngenocide.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1765742?terms=bosnian+genocide&sTypeId=2. Accessed 7 Apr 2020.

"Holocaust Museum Houston". Hmh.Org, 2020, https://hmh.org/library/research/genocide-in-bosnia-guide/. Accessed 7 Apr 2020.

"What Is The Former Yugoslavia ? | International Criminal Tribunal For The Former Yugoslavia". Icty.Org, 2020, https://www.icty.org/en/about/what-former-yugoslavia. Accessed 27 Mar 2020.

"Bosnian Genocide « World Without Genocide - Making It Our Legacy". Worldwithoutgenocide.Org, 2020, http://worldwithoutgenocide.org/genocides-and-conflicts/bosnia. Accessed 9 Apr 2020.

"Effects Of Bosnian War". Infograph.Venngage.Com, 2020, https://infograph.venngage.com/p/249207/effects-of-bosnian-war. Accessed 15 Apr 2020.

"Radovan Karadzic | Facts, Biography, & War Crimes". Encyclopedia Britannica, 2020, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Radovan-Karadzic. Accessed 15 Apr 2020.

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The Dayton Agreement                     - Rivota

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The Dayton Agreement                     - Rivota

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The bombing of a market finally caused the UN-with the help of NATO- to intervene in 1994, where they initiated air strikes to try to stop the aggression on Bosniaks. However, it wasn't until December of 1995 that this all came to an end, when U.S.-led negotiation talks began in Dayton, Ohio. These talks ultimately led Serbs to surrender with the signing of the Dayton Agreement.

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The Srebrenica Massacre                         - Rivota

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The Srebrenica Massacre                         - Rivota

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Up until one point, the international community had done little to help the cause in Bosnia. Even the UN tried to appease the situation for a while. However, when things began to escalate in Bosnia, the UN sent soldiers to guard 'safe areas' of Sarajevo in Tuzla, Bihac, Srebrenica, Gorazde and Zepa. These areas were instated to help the victims of the violence that had engulfed their lives. However, on July 11, 1995, Serb forces ripped through Srebrenica, taking control of it and killing roughly 8,000 on that day alone. This became known as the Srebrenica Massacre. Tens of thousands of Bosniaks were deported, women were raped, and men and children were taken to camps to be killed. The violence continued until the UN gave Serb forces an ultimatum.

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Slobodan Miloševic

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Wars followed Miloševic’s rise in influence and power, which started after the "Ten-Day War". This brief 'war' occurred after Slovenia declared its independence from Yugoslavia. Soon after, the Bosnian War began. Bosnian-Serbs felt that Bosniaks threatened the peace between different ethnic groups, and began their attempt at "ethnic cleansing". Serbs tore through Bosniak towns and burned them to the ground, raped women, moved civilians to camps to be murdered in large numbers, and attempted to kill every non-Serb left in Bosnia. Soon, Serbs were in control of 70% of Bosnian territory.

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Before Bosnia seceded from Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia was known as The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) from 1943-1992. It contained six states: Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Macedonia. Here, they identified as Yugoslav, and lived together as one group of people. Checks and balances also ensured peace and equality between different ethnic groups. After 40-year president, Josip Broz Tito, died, he left Former Yugoslavia without strong leadership. This all led to a decline in the economy, and soon, politicians began taking advantage of Yugoslavia and sought after power. Soon, Slobodan Miloševic rose to power, and blamed Bosniaks for the crumbling nation. He suggested "Serbian Unity" as the solution to their problems, and enforced the idea of "ethnic cleansing".

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In late February of 1992, Bosnian Muslims (also referred to as Bosniaks) and Croats voted to become independent from Yugoslavia after it began to fall apart due to falling communism. Growing nationalism and conflicts between different ethnic groups further split the union apart, and when they finally seceded from Yugoslavia, ethnic tensions arose as Serbs–under Slobodan Miloševic’s authority–sought to "ethnically cleanse" Bosnian territory.