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Must/mustn't, have to/don't have to - Form

Must/mustn't

Use must + infinitive without to

Must is a modal verb, and modal verbs are followed by an infinitive without to.

No -s

Modal verbs don't add -s after he/she/it.

Use must/mustn't in negatives and questions

Must is an auxiliary verb. This means that it has a negative and an interrogative form. Do not use do/did in negatives and questions.

Have to/don't have to

Use do and did in negatives and questions

The verb have in have to is not an auxiliary verb. Use do/don't, does/doesn't, did/didn't in questions and negative sentences in present and past.

No contraction

The verb have in have to cannot be contracted to 've.

Past and future forms

Only have to has a past and a future form. Must does not have a past or a future form.

Have to

Rules and obligations

We use have to to talk about rules and obligations, something that is necessary.

Must

Rules and obligations

Must is very similar to have to. We use must + infinitive (without to) to talk about rules and obligations.

Don't have to

Don't need to - not necessary

If you don't have to do something, it means that you 'don't need to' do something (there is no obligation). You can do it but you don't need to do it if you don't want to do it.

Mustn't

Prohibition

Use mustn't to talk about something that you can't do. It's necessary that you don't do it.

Must

Obligation from the speaker

We normally use must when to talk about obligations that come from the opinion of the speaker. The speaker thinks it's necessary or important to do something.

Have to

External obligation

We normally use have to when there's an external obligation. The obligation doesn't come from the speaker's opinion; another person thinks it's necessary.

Mustn't vs don't have to

Don't have to

You don't need to do it; not necessary; no obligation

Don't have to and mustn't have opposite meanings. We say that we don't have to do something when we don't need to do something; we can do it, but it's not necessary.

Mustn't

Prohibition; it's necessary that you don't do it

We say that we mustn't do something when we cannot do something; it is necessary that we don't do something.

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Have to, don't have to, must, mustn't - Test-English

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Have to, don't have to, must, mustn't. A2. Pre-intermediate English grammar and exercises. Have to vs. must and don't have to vs. mustn't.

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modals of advice - obligation - prohibition

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Modals of Advice - Obligation - Prohibition worksheet

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Your paper homework checked - how about talking about it today?

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Your paper homework checked - how about talking about it today?

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Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect, Future Simple lub be going to - uzupełnij zdania (1)

Uzupełnij zdania odpowiednią formą czasowników w nawiasach. Użyj czasów: Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect, Future Simple lub be going to.

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Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect, Future Simple lub be going to - uzupełnij zdania (1) Uzupełnij zdania odpowiednią formą czasowników w nawiasach. Użyj czasów: Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Past Continuous, Present Perfect, Future Simple lub be going to.

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tu się trochę pogubiłem w samogłoskach i spółgłoskach 🙈

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tu się trochę pogubiłem w samogłoskach i spółgłoskach 🙈

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Wojtek, I can see you spent a decent amount of time on doing this homework:) I appreciate that. However, now and then it's pretty difficult for me to decode your handwriting in pencil on these digital copies. 

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Wojtek, I can see you spent a decent amount of time on doing this homework:) I appreciate that. However, now and then it's pretty difficult for me to decode your handwriting in pencil on these digital copies. 

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To może na razie tylko tyle bo i tak oprzyrządowanie jest spore ale mam więcej!!

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To może na razie tylko tyle bo i tak oprzyrządowanie jest spore ale mam więcej!!

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Przyznaję się bez bicia.

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most

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prepositions of place - przyimki miejsca

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prepositions of place - przyimki miejsca

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PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE Flashcards | Quizlet

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comparatives and superlatives of adjectives and adverbs

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Exercises Explanation Downloads

Past simple, past continuous, past perfect

Exercise 1

Choose past simple, past continuous or past perfect to complete the sentences below.

Past simple, past continuous, past perfect - grammar chart

Past simple

We use the past simple to talk about completed actions in the past.

In a story, we use the past simple to talk about past events in chronological order; i.e. the main events of a story.

When she opened the door, she pretended that we weren't there and she went to her room.

He called me and told me to go, but when I arrived he wasn't there.

We also use the past simple to talk about past habits or past states.

Past continuous

We use the past continuous the set the scene in a story.

We use the past continuous for actions in progress in the past or longer actions interrupted by shorter actions in past simple.

Past perfect

We use the past perfect simple to talk about an earlier past: events which happened before the main event.

Earlier single events

We use the past perfect simple to talk about earlier events and experiences, or single actions completed earlier in the past.

We use the past perfect simple to say how much or how many we had done of something earlier in the past.

Duration from earlier in the past (stative verbs)

We use the past perfect simple with stative verbs to talk about states or situations that had started earlier in the past. We often use how long, for or since, always, etc.

In the picture below, you can see an example of a narrative with the past tenses explained.

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Past simple, past continuous, past perfect - Test-English

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Past simple, past continuous, past perfect. Narrative tenses. I did, I was doing, I had done. English intermediate grammar exercises.

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Bob's unlucky day - Storytelling | Past forms

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