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1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text?

In order to put ourselves in someone elses' shoes, we must be aware of their life experience and who they truly are. This is the same when it comes to learning about literature, we must educate ourselves on the context and be understanding since we may never fully be connected to these issues, but we must be sympathetic.

2. How does the meaning and impact of a literary text change over time?
At the time they are created, a literary text speaks true to the era in which it is based upon. In many instances, these themes and ideas conveyed reveal struggles and values that have impacted the author and their choices. These messages may speak to readers in different and personal ways, allowing a reader to seek commonalities between current events and past references.

3. How do literary texts reflect, represent or form a part of cultural practices?
Literary texts, such as Hughes' poems, carry a heavy message within them. They tell a story of the past to keep tradition alive, enabling cultural aspects of history to flourish as time proceeds. They also tend to stand as symbolic references of monumental life experience that is mirrored by those who carry on this purpose of tradition.

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Directions and Resources:

Ideas:

Texts:

Reflections:

Questions:

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Readers, Writers, and Texts

1. How does the structure or style of a literary text affect meaning? Consider how Morrison's stream-of-consciousness, shifting points of view, and use of analepsis and prolepsis impact the meaning of the novel.

When reading Beloved, Morrison's storytelling structure drastically affects readers who comprehend the material. Looking at the characters' stream of consciousness, Morrison creates a connection between the readers and the traumatic event that occurs within each scenario. Her shifts between characters and points of view enables a complete development of the significant events. By flashing forward and flashing back, readers are able to recognize the importance of these events and their presence in the timeline of Sethe's life. The portrayal of Sethe as a loving mother who has dealt with unexplainable tragedies demonstrates Morrison's message throughout the entirety of the novel.

Time and Space

1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text? Consider the story of Margaret Garner, the Fugitive Slave Act, and other historical and cultural phenomena and how that has impacted the creation and reception of Beloved.

The historical context is a key aspect when comprehending a story that includes global issues such as the ones depicted within Beloved. Slavery posed as a major disgrace within thr nation. It affected millions of people within the black community and had lasting impacts. Knowing the heaviness of this issue, Margaret Garner's story must be known to enable readers to empathetically connect with Beloved. Seeing the facts versus Morrison's fictionally detailed recreation emphasizes the cruelty of the past. This is the same for the Fugitive Slave Act, since Morrison portrays the nation's injustice in the form of a family experience. Incorporating historical knowledge with Beloved enables readers to deeply acknowledge the novel in a sophisticated manner.

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1. How does Chronicle offer insight into Columbian culture? Consider what we've learned about with machismo, marianismo, honor and the impact of colonialism.

This novel offers insight to Columbian culture and the various aspects of it that completely impact the community as a whole. The moral standpoint in which the Vicario brothers came from with their decision to kill Nasar ultimately proved the way that the community referred to abstinence in a extremely serious way. The tight knit community seen by the characters' predisposed knowledge of the murder directly correlates to the family-like community derived from Columbian culture. Alongside these factors, it is evident that there is a large separation between the expectations of men and women growing up with the pressure of their family reputations.

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How are we affected by Delbo's memoir and her imperative for us to "Try to look. Try to see"? How were you affected by Auschwitz and After?

I was impacted in a way that was almost indescribable. I felt waves of heartache and everlasting sympathy for the experience that Delbo portrayed through her anecdotes. I know deep down that I will never completely understand the pain and trauma that she and millions of others were put through, but her works enabled me to heighten my emotional awareness to the personal situation.

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Readers, Writers, Texts
1. Why and how do we study literature? Why do we study TTTC?

Literature is analyzed for complex meaning, symbolic references, and writing choices to make connections to understand the time period each piece was written in. The Things They Carried is studied in order to understand the issues and emotions that were present during the Vietnam War.

2. How are we affected by literary texts in various ways? How are we impacted by TTTC?

Literary texts affect us by deepening our understandings and opening our minds to ideas and experiences of the past, enabling us to emotionally connect and adjust our opinions on specific subjects. The Things They Carried impacts readers on an emotionally level, giving us insight to what soldiers in the war actually felt like and the way they dealt with their trauma and thoughts.

3. In what ways is meaning constructed, negotiated, expressed and interpreted in TTTC?

In The Things They Carried, O'Brien includes multiple perspectives of the war through stories of different soldiers in the Alpha Company, expressing the current issues through different characters. The book is structured in a unique way in which O'brien skips around through the timeline of the war, without going in chronological order, to show the way he perceived the level of importance of his personal experience. He picks apart the violence and conversations in order to capture the bare truth of the war.

4. How does the structure of style of TTTC affect its meaning?

The flexible and personal style that is proved through O'Brien's literary choices allow readers to determine the meaning, which portrays that all people have their burdens that they carry in different ways. No matter what vignette O'Brien included, he managed to show this idea every time.

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1. Readers, Writers, Texts

1. Why and how do we study literature?

2. How are we affected by literary texts in various ways?

3. In what ways is meaning constructed, negotiated, expressed and interpreted?

4. How does language use vary among literary forms?

5. How does the structure or style of a literary text affect meaning?

6. How do literary texts offer insights and challenges?

2. Time and Space

1. How important is cultural or historical context to the production and reception of a literary text?

2. How do we approach literary texts from different times and cultures to our own?

3. To what extent do literary texts offer insight into another culture?

4. How does the meaning and impact of a literary text change over time?

5. How do literary texts reflect, represent or form a part of cultural practices?

6. How does language represent social distinctions and identities?

3. Intertextuality

1. How do literary texts adhere to and deviate from conventions associated with literary forms?

2. How do conventions and systems of reference evolve over time?

3. In what ways can diverse literary texts share points of similarity?

4. How valid is the notion of a “classic” literary text?

5. How can literary texts offer multiple perspectives of a single issue, topic or theme?

6. In what ways can comparison and interpretation be transformative?

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IO FINAL EXTRACTS https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CL60GnPi9QnqFoat89TEBPpxmOh273bBzxyRmA3VawY/edit?usp=sharing

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Mock IO Extract
https://docs.google.com/document/d/12v9H2z4IukJtAQ_q6IBaclWF1ET0TKUNQaFsB5sreCQ/edit?usp=sharing

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Extract 1 (From “How to Tell a True War Story”)

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1NBgUKeanGw1cT6_EJs1llbLZu-ftE5nyeHDnWZTthOk/edit?usp=sharing

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1. Culture, Identity, and Community

1. family, class, race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, gender and sexuality, and the way these impact on individuals and societies. migration, colonialism and nationalism.

2. Beliefs, Values and Education

1.  beliefs and values nurtured in particular societies and the ways they shape individuals, communities and educational systems. They might also explore the tensions that arise when there are conflicts of beliefs and values, and ethics.

3. Politics, Power, and Justice

1.  explore aspects of rights and responsibilities, the workings and structures of governments and institutions. They might also investigate hierarchies of power, the distribution of wealth and resources, the limits of justice and the law, equality and inequality, human rights, and peace and conflict

4. Art, Creativity, and the Imagination

1.  explore aspects of aesthetic inspiration, creation, craft, and beauty. They might also focus on the shaping and challenging of perceptions through art, and the function, value and effects of art in society.

5. Science, technology and the environment

1.  explore the relationship between humans and the environment and the implications of technology and media for society. They might also consider the idea of scientific development and progress.

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- Traumatic experience
- Mental Illness
- Prejudice due to skin color
- Slavery and oppression
- Family separation

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LINK

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- Racism that affects mindset of life.
- Economic divide derived from past discrimination.
- Cultural depletion that has been forced upon groups.
- Influence of the arts that came from a history of trauma.
- Identity crisis that occurs due to suffering.

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- Destruction of identity through traumatic experiences
- The role of community and the relationships within them.
- Abuse of power can lead to oppression
- Discrimination of religion within a society
- How trauma affects self worth

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Brainstorm some global issues developed from TTTC.
- Experiences of trauma cause a loss of innocence
- Women and men each have specific expectations that society sets for them, sexist stereotypes affect people deeply

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Hexagonal Project https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/17SxTG3vHPFeMvWMO7D1s5xpmMtiK4rznml7GL1H8qC4/edit?usp=sharing

The hexagonal thinking project enabled me to realize the direct connections that each of the characters of Beloved have with the cruel experiences of slavery. Morrison’s characterization of Denver, Sethe, Paul D, and Beloved stood out to me as I pinpointed their emotional and physical obligations to each other and the world around them. Ther underlying message of all of these scenarios link back to the dehumanization that was widespread in institutions of slavery in America. The raw information that Morrison uses to explain Sethe’s identity as a loving mother, or even Stamp Paid as an influential figure in helping people escape proves the reality of the way that enslaved people were formed from their trauma in a way that could never be understood from my perspective. The deep and complex symbolism of a red ribbon and a chokecherry tree allow readers to understand the true burdens that black people carried with them during this era. Trumatic effects will always link back to the dehumanization and cruelty within slavery, which is clearly emphasized throughout Beloved, and remains true of America’s past as well.

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Harkness 1

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Reflection
How did you do during the Harkness discussions?
I feel as though I was very helpful at keeping the group on track and focusing on the relevant information. I spoke multiple times but also

enabled others to put in their input. I tried to talk quickly in order to efficiently share ideas without taking up too much time. I analyzed the

underlying message very well and used other people’s ideas to fuel my own. I hope that I can improve my analysis of the extract and focus on

specific devices and choices that the author uses to present the information and global issue.

Notes
Ideas discussed I want to remember:
- Character development is key to understanding morals and change of opinion.
- Sexism has been an important topic and continues to affect societal expectations.
- O'Brien connects all of his ideas to a symbolic representation of issues he experienced.

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Chapter 1

COADF Final IO Extracts

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- Identity based upon sexist limitations within a community.
- Trauma and how it shapes a community.
- Justice based upon social class and standings.
- Religious morals that influence a society's opinions.

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NOTES LINK

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How does Chronicle connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.

Chronicle is related to past works on a structural basis, as well as mirroring the issues found in the past works as well. This is crafted through magical realism, a technique that enables the author to separate the characters from reality, as seen when the entire community had been predisposed to the murder playing out right in front of them. This captures the guilt of a bystander, which is unique to this specific text. This is quite similar to the novel Beloved, where magical realism is used to portray the murdered daughter, Beloved, as a ghost in order to shed light on the the past and how it affects the present. Also, The Things They Carries shares features with this piece due to the implications of gender roles and societal expectations. Within both texts, the issues of sexism is prevalent. the common idea that women must remain innocent and servant to male dominance is seen in each text, as well as the expectation of men to assert a tough skinned personality when enduring trauma. These ideas and syntactical strategies are common and familiar when reading Chronicle of a Death Foretold.

How does Chronicle connect to our world today?

Chronicle connects to modern society by highlighting the struggles of justice, double standards, and effects of gender roles. Throughout today's' current events, the separation of social class plays an important part in perspectives of a community. Also, the distinct features of the justice when observing the Nasar murder case has proven the emphasis of traditional values and morals that outweigh the brutal killing. The Vicario family's mention of innocence, abstinence, and loyalty for bachelorettes displays similar expectations for young women living in today's society.

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Night

The Farewell

The Dummies

One Day

Days and Memories

Extracts for Final IO

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How does TTTC connect to other works we've read?

How does TTTC connect to our world today?

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How does Beloved connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.
Beloved portrays similar features that I have observed in the past works. The trauma and personal feelings within the novel correlate to the war stories of The Things They Carried. Both of these pieces follow a similar timeline, which is lacking chronological order and a set perspective. The poems of Langston Hughes convey the struggle of injustice and racism experienced by the black community in an intricate structure. Beloved sheds light on this struggle in the experience of slavery and white supremacy on various levels of intensity. Each battle within these texts goes hand in hand with the racial divide and trauma of the past.

How does Beloved connect to our world today?

Beloved's message and values correspond to the misunderstandings of the nation's past. Many people are unaware of direct experiences of those affected by slavery and the monstrosity of the discrimination. The education and interpretation of these experiences must be heard and known for every generation that lives. The discrimination that remains present can be further developed with the message within Beloved. Today, tragedies of infanticide, oppression and misinterpretation of events directly reflect Morrison's work.

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Through all of Hughes' pieces, I have been able to relate the past poetry to current events that affect the world today. Since I will never be able to fully understand nor comprehend the feelings that Hughes emphasizes in his poetry, I can feel empathy for each situation outlined in the various messages conveyed. Inequality, superiority, racism, and many other issues presented throughout the poems.

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How does Auschwitz connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.

Delbo's novel includes several poems that display  trauma through a lens detached from her personal perspective. She refers to a stream of consciousness technique to display her innermost thoughts and experienced during her imprisonment in Auschwitz, which is similar to the stream of consciousness technique used in Beloved. Each convey they way in which one's conscious become fixated on burdens and traumatic experiences that took a mental and physical toll on the characters. Also, the anecdotal references to Delbo's personal experience mirrors O'Brien's anecdotes within The Things They Carried. These imply the influential aspects of these moments as a personal reflection. Hughes' poetry is very similar to Delbo's piece, due to the fact that oppression is a topic seen within the deep context of these literary pieces.

How does Auschwitz connect to our world today?

Auschwitz connects with our world today as oppressive leaderships still remain in several parts of the world,where people face influential issues that concern their race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, and various other preferences. Whether it be large scale genocide or oppression within government, several groups of people deal with lack of opportunity in their life since they are viewed as inferior. This clearly relates to Delbo's portrayal of the Holocaust and the way in which several groups of people were targeted for not fitting a certain standard.

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Summer Assignment https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/162tjTj7DiXypWw-t3Kew7HXPT5guNmANOomLLridO4k/edit?usp=sharing

Vietnam Slides https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/107uNm_6IQw9BRdojkFEzHji3zTquUksZP1RToSJlfJ4/edit?usp=sharing

"On the Rainy River" Analysis Paragraph https://docs.google.com/document/d/1v3c8wGQJUTObdeDmzlzXxSXAVsY9FrxQakVuZSIjiy4/edit?usp=sharing

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Denver or Paul D One-Pager https://docs.google.com/document/d/1KQbu-34rzrOOT_n5WAVuvBD2EPTcLHo4Kv8zS0ORC38/edit?usp=sharing

IO Outline Form https://docs.google.com/document/d/1vi-gli2Iwjs35QYXvt_xCWyhbbrSN-6CPL-L9sc7GAQ/edit?usp=sharing

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Group IO PPT

Best Quick Write

Artistic One-Pager

Final/Revised IO

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Pastiche Poem
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gue7W5-1Atj9KXh7iW8ZGYkhN9H8qHOQbCQFlBPKHjw/edit?usp=sharing

IO Outline Form
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aQPpRJti556cWg8aF68T6dg3LuyTYFYyKS_z9odpwC4/edit?usp=sharing

Hughes' Written Assignment
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YRI-4eotAg4EMoX1x_Y9hfnVCg9hMuJzrzVjsgprFEA/edit?usp=sharing

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Delbo/Olere Quick Record

Final Delbo IO

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Why do humans read and write stories? Why do you read and write stories?  Write about a paragraph.

As humans, it is in our best interest to express ourselves through words and actions. Composing a story enables us to reveal or innermost emotions and perception of life and its meaning. We have the ability to stress certain ideas to others through these stories. Likewise, reading literature and written pieces allows us to gain a broader perspective of ideas and morals that are important to the author. We are able to see the way that people process the past or any experience they have seen or dealt with. My purpose of writing is my passion to be understood and heard. Crafting my ideas in my own unique way allows me to fulfill my goals of being knowledgeable and relatable. On the other hand, I thoroughly enjoy reading books and novels since it opens the door to processes of imagination and heartfelt morals that I continue to keep in mind.

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Linda Krumholz claims (in "The Ghosts of Slavery: Historical Recovery in Toni Morrison’s Beloved") that finding a voice for the thoughts and experiences of women is central to the "healing," historical recovery theme and structure of the book. According to Krumholz, Morrison’s novel "adapts techniques from modernist novels, such as the fragmentation of the plot and shifting narrative voice, to compel the reader to actively construct an interpretive framework" (109). How does the novel specifically address issues of gender, writing and power? How does the structure and style of the novel give voice to "the thoughts of the women of 124, unspeakable thoughts, unspoken" (Beloved 199)?

Beloved highlights the gender issues of the past the continue in today's world. Morrison characterizes many of the females in a way that empowers them and allows them to keep a strong hold on their life, seen when their past is filled with rape, assault, and violence. Also, the separation the is noticed within the generations of women is seen by their development of maturity and the way they fight against oppression. The shifts within perspective in Beloved establishes the issue of misunderstanding of personality traits. We identify the varied views of Sethe's reactions as a loving mother by the people who appear in the book. Each character has a story in which they find their voice to fight back against the silence that tries to drown them out.

Readers are able to piece the fragments of the story and build upon each event with added tension. The spiritual aspect of this book keeps the past alive and illustrates an everlasting picture of the issues that will continue to remain constant in society.

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1. What insights did the poetry of Langston Hughes offer about the African-American community in Harlem?

Hughes led readers through the complex reality of the black community within the rich history of Harlem, as well as other parts of the nation. His focus on Harlem enabled readers to obtain a complete understanding of culture and perspectives of those affected by the nation's darkest sin.

2. How does art reflect the community from which it comes?

The art produced from a specific community is used to restore and recognize the importance of cultural background in which the community originated from.In the setting and culture described in Hughes' poetry, the various forms of art captures the feelings of the unspoken thoughts that are felt among these communities. Whether it be a celebration of tradition or a plea for justice, art has the ability to spread many ideas to people around the globe.

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Dialectical Journals

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Intertextuality
How valid is the notion of a "classic" literary text? What makes Persepolis "literary" even though it is a graphic novel?

A classic literary text is a piece that expresses human experiences through a written story containing characters that are following the author's constructed plot. This isn't definite since it is ever changing with modern times,thus making this definition slightly invalid since stories can be told without being written. Persepolis is a literary text since it follows a story line through Marjane's life and the struggles that the characters throughout, depicted through various visual and written techniques in this graphic novel.

Time and Space
What insight did Persepolis give you into Iranian life during and after the revolution?

During the Iranian Revolution, the political turmoil the country was in was quite concerning. Satrapi shed light on the family's rebellious lifestyle and eager attitude when dealing with  the actions within their own community. The home education of political ideals was clearly prevalent in several homes during this time, due to the cliques seen in young Marji's school environment. This led to doubt and secrecy in a tight knit community.Persepolis also revealed the aftermath of the revolution. the country was never able to fully reach their desired liberties, as seen when Marjane's mother reminds Marjane to put on her headscarf. The fire that was once behind the revolution had died after the new generations were dispersed to other countries to seek security, so the motive died as the passion decreased as well. However, life was more at ease as citizens learned to cope with the expectations of the government.

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- Environment has affects identity
- Community plays a role in political preference
- Trauma alters life perspective
- Upbringing within a certain environment can change mentality
- Personal identity and preferences are ever changing
- Religious values are separate from physical presentation

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Panel Notes
Panel Notes

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How does Persepolis connect to other works we've read? Be detailed in how it connects with global issues and thematic and stylistic ideas to other works.

Persepolis has many similarities shared with the past texts we have read, even though it is a graphic novel. The visual imagery within the novel depicts Satrapi's reality within Iran and Austria, whether it be through narration or physical images within panels, Satrapi emphasizes these moments very clearly. this is quite similar to the recollection of warfare seen in The Things They Carried, where the imagery of death and bloodshed is conveyed by the characters in several instances. The shared depictions of these texts each imply the influential aspects of turmoil and violence that have been ingrained within the minds of all those affected. Also, the juxtaposition seen within Satrapi's novel is a key aspect of the story, since the contrast of motherhood and the actions of a revolutionary female are prevalent within the text. This is quite similar to Langston Hughes' works, since he also uses juxtaposition to question the idea of freedom within America, as well as oppression within various societies. In general, Satrapi's novel includes several anecdotal references that portray her life growing up within Iran and Austria, which directly correlates with Delbo's anecdotal reflection within her vignettes. Although they explain very different experiences of trauma, they each convey their personal experiences that shaped their perspective of people and life in general.

How does Persepolis connect to our world today?

Persepolis connects to our world today by capturing what it's like to grow up surrounded by conflict and tension. Whether it be large scale such as the Iranian Revolution or small scale resistance, this type of environment is very common around the world today. Just like the way Marjane is seen standing up against sexism and forced regulations within institutions, many groups around the world are seen fighting for basic privileges and freedom of expression. Satrapi also highlights the dark aspects of teenage upbringing and independence that remain relevant within todays society. Being surrounded by a certain stigma has effect on the way adolescents chose to go about their lives, and this is heightened when their is tension within their country. These issues remain common among several communities and countries within the present era.