# data[].attributes.body
Atomic Symbol: Sn
Element name: Tin
Atomic Number: 6

# data[].attributes.body
Protons: 50
Neutrons: 69
Electrons: 48

Percent of the element on the earth: 2.8 ppm

# data[].attributes.body
-There weren't enough records of how Tin was discovered, since this element was found centuries ago, but what I found was that Tin was first used in 3500 BC, in southern Mesopotamia, now known as Iraq.
-The natives of Iran made articles from bronze, which is an alloy of tin and copper,  When tin undergoes mining, it becomes a silvery metal that is used for the resistance to corrosion.
-The symbol Sn for tin is an abbreviation of the Latin word for tin, stannum.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/50/tin
4/4
This source is all about chemistry and the periodic table of the elements, the information they provide are based on their own findings. Also you can join as a member.

# data[].attributes.body
Tin metal is used to line cans for food, beverages, it helps preserving the foods, and also preventing them from corrosion.

# data[].attributes.body
Tin is used in the Pilkington process to produce window glass. In this process molten glass is poured onto a pool of molten tin. The glass floats on the surface of the tin and cools, forming solid glass with flat, parallel surfaces. Most of the window glass produced today is made this way.

# data[].attributes.body
Some tin compounds have been used as anti-fouling paint for ships and boats, to prevent barnacles. However, even at low levels these compounds are deadly to marine life, especially oysters. Its use has now been banned in most countries.

# data[].attributes.body
3/4 this source is an encyclopedia, which the information that they provide is very trustworthy.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Explore the fact-checked online encyclopedia from Encyclopaedia Britannica with hundreds of thousands of objective articles, biographies, videos, and images from experts.

# data[].attributes.body
is used for superconducting magnets, Nb-Ti alloys are suitable for fabricating supermagnets generating magnetic fields up to about 10 teslas.

# data[].attributes.body
It is known to make teeth more resistant to the acids and bacteria that cause tooth decay.

# data[].attributes.body
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/element/Tin#section=Uses
4/4
This source is provided by the National Library of Medicine, which the information they offer is very truthful.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Chemical element, Tin, information from authoritative sources. Look up properties, history, uses, and more.

# data[].attributes.body
The dominant use of stannous oxide is as a precursor in manufacturing of other, typically divalent, tin compounds or salts. Stannous oxide may also be employed as a reducing agent and in the creation of ruby glass.

# data[].attributes.body
Stannane or tin hydride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula SnH ₄. It is a colourless gas and the tin analogue of methane.

# data[].attributes.body
The primary use of stannous fluoride is in toothpastes, dental rinses, and fluoride treatments for teeth. Fluorides prevent tooth decay in two ways, It contains tin and fluoride ions.

# data[].attributes.body
Stannic chloride, anhydrous is a colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor. It is soluble in cold water and decomposed by hot water to form hydrochloric acid with the evolution of heat. It is corrosive to metals and tissue.

# data[].attributes.body
https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele050.html
3/4 This source is a National Accelerator Facility is managed by Jefferson Science Associates. they laso offer programs.
this site is very trustworthy.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Atomic Number: 50

Atomic Weight: 118.710

Melting Point: 505.08 K (231.93°C or 449.47°F)

Boiling Point: 2875 K (2602°C or 4715°F)

Density: 7.287 grams per cubic centimeter

Phase at Room Temperature: Solid

Element Classification: Metal

Period Number: 5

Group Number: 14

Group Name: none

What's in a name? From the Anglo-Saxon word tin. Tin's atomic symbol comes from the Latin word for tin, stannum.

Say what? Tin is pronounced as TIN.

History and Uses:

Archaeological evidence suggests that people have been using tin for at least 5500 years. Tin is primarily obtained from the mineral cassiterite (SnO ₂) and is extracted by roasting cassiterite in a furnace with carbon. Tin makes up only about 0.001% of the earth's crust and is chiefly mined in Malaysia.

Two allotropes of tin occur near room temperature. The first form of tin is called gray tin and is stable at temperatures below 13.2°C (55.76°F). There are few, if any, uses for gray tin. At temperatures above 13.2°C, gray tin slowly turns into tin's second form, white tin. White tin is the normal form of the metal and has many uses. Unfortunately, white tin will turn into gray tin if its temperature falls below 13.2°C. This change can be prevented if small amounts of antimony or bismuth are added to white tin.

Tin resists corrosion and is used as a protective coating on other metals. Tin cans are probably the most familiar example of this application. A tin can is actually made from steel. A thin layer of tin is applied to the inside and outside of the can to keep the steel from rusting. Once widely used, tin cans have largely been replaced with plastic and aluminum containers.

Tin is used in the Pilkington process to produce window glass. In the Pilkington process, molten glass is poured onto a pool of molten tin. The glass floats on the surface of the tin and cools, forming solid glass with flat, parallel surfaces. Most of the window glass produced today is made this way.

Tin is used to form many useful alloys. Bronze is an alloy of tin and copper. Tin and lead are alloyed to make pewter and solder. An alloy of tin and niobium is used to make superconductive wire. Type metal, fusible metal, bell metal and Babbitt metal are other examples of tin alloys.

Tin salts can be sprayed onto glass to make electrically conductive coatings. These can then be used to make panel lighting and frost-free windshields. Stannous fluoride (SnF ₂) is used in some types of toothpaste.

Estimated Crustal Abundance: 2.3 milligrams per kilogram

Estimated Oceanic Abundance: 4×10⁻⁶ milligrams per liter

Number of Stable Isotopes: 8 ( View all isotope data)

Ionization Energy: 7.344 eV

Oxidation States: +4, +2

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Atomic Number: 50 Atomic Weight: 118.710 Melting Point: 505.08 K (231.93°C or 449.47°F) Boiling Point: 2875 K (2602°C or 4715°F) Density: 7.287 grams per cubic centimeter Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Element Classification: Metal Period Number: 5 Group Number: 14 Group Name: none What's in a name? From the Anglo-Saxon word tin.

# data[].attributes.body
Is a direct band gap semiconductor with applications in photovoltaic solar cells, optoelectronic devices, and polymerization reactions.

# data[].attributes.body
-When a bar of tin is bent, it will make a screaming sound called a "tin cry".
- Its presence as a metal is mentioned in the Old Testament.

# data[].attributes.body
This site by WebElements and it has rights reserved I'm not sure is the information they share is secure, since there is not evidence they provide it.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Formula: SnH₄

Hill system formula: H₄Sn₁

CAS registry number: [2406-52-2]

Formula weight: 122.742

Class: hydride

Colour: colourless

Appearance: gas

Melting point: -146°C

Boiling point: -52°C

Density: 5.4 kg m⁻³ (gas)

The following are some synonyms of stannane:

stannane

tin(IV) hydride

tin hydride

tin tetrahydride

The oxidation number of tin in stannane is 4.

Synthesis

Not available

Solid state structure

Geometry of tin:

Prototypical structure:

Element analysis

The table shows element percentages for SnH ₄ (stannane).

Isotope pattern for SnH₄

The chart below shows the calculated isotope pattern for the formula SnH₄ with the most intense ion set to 100%.

References

The data on these compounds pages are assembled and adapted from the primary literature and several other sources including the following.

R.T. Sanderson in Chemical Periodicity, Reinhold, New York, USA, 1960.

N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw in Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd edition, Butterworth, UK, 1997.

F.A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, C.A. Murillo, and M. Bochmann, in Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, 1999.

A.F. Trotman-Dickenson, (ed.) in Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry, Pergamon, Oxford, UK, 1973.

R.W.G. Wyckoff, in Crystal Structures, volume 1, Interscience, John Wiley & Sons, 1963.

A.R.West in Basic solid state chemistry Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, 1999.

A.F. Wells in Structural inorganic chemistry, 4th edition, Oxford, UK, 1975.

J.D.H. Donnay, (ed.) in Crystal data determinative tables, ACA monograph number 5, American Crystallographic Association, USA, 1963.

D.R. Lide, (ed.) in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 77th edition, 1996.

J.W. Mellor in A comprehensive treatise on inorganic and theoretical chemistry, volumes 1-16, Longmans, London, UK, 1922-1937.

J.E. Macintyre (ed.) in Dictionary of inorganic compounds, volumes 1-3, Chapman & Hall, London, UK, 1992.

Explore periodic propertes from these links

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Mark Winter, University of Sheffield and WebElements Ltd

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
WebElements Periodic Table " Tin " stannane

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Formula: SnH4 Hill system formula: H4Sn1 CAS registry number: [2406-52-2] Formula weight: 122.742 Class: hydride Colour: colourless Appearance: gas Melting point: -146°C Boiling point: -52°C Density: 5.4 kg m-3 (gas) The following are some synonyms of stannane: stannane tin(IV) hydride tin hydride tin tetrahydride The oxidation number of tin in stannane is 4.