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1. Why are alloys harder than pure metals?

2. What is the definition of an alloy?

3. Draw the structure of an alloy.

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Comparing properties of alloys and pure metals

Many pure metals are too soft for many uses. They can be made harder by adding another element to the pure metal, so forming an alloy. This explains why an alloy often has more uses than the pure elements it is made from.

Pure iron, for example, is very soft. Adding a small amount of tungsten to iron makes tool steel, which is harder than pure iron. are examples of alloys. There are many types of steel.

Explaining alloy hardness

In the solid state, a pure metal has a giant metallic structure . The atoms are arranged in layers. When a is applied, the layers may slide over each other. The greater the force needed, the harder and stronger the metal.

In a pure metal, the force needed to make the layers slide over each other is small. This explains why many pure metals are soft.

In an alloy, there are atoms of different sizes. The smaller or bigger atoms distort the layers of atoms in the pure metal. This means that a greater force is required for the layers to slide over each other. The alloy is harder and stronger than the pure metal.

Explain why steel, which is an alloy of iron, is harder than pure iron.

Steel contains atoms of other elements as well as iron. These atoms have different sizes to iron atoms, so they distort the layers of atoms in the pure iron. This means that a greater force is required for the layers to slide over each other in steel, so steel is harder than pure iron.

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Alloys - Metals and alloys - AQA - GCSE Combined Science Revision - AQA Trilogy - BBC Bitesize

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Many pure metals are too soft for many uses. They can be made harder by adding another element to the pure metal, so forming an alloy. This explains why an alloy often has more uses than the pure elements it is made from. Pure iron, for example, is very soft.

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1. Draw the structure of a metal.

2. How does this allow them to be bent and shaped?

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GCSE CHEMISTRY - The Properties of Metals - Conducting Heat and Electricity - Malleable and Ductile - High Melting Point - GCSE SCIENCE.

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A description of the Properties of Metals

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All -

Why metals can be bent and shaped

Why alloys are harder than pure metals

The shape of memory alloys

Most -

State the physical properties of metals

State the definition of an alloy

Explain why metals can be bent into different shapes

State which property makes metal suitable for a specific job

Explain what a shape memory alloy is and give an example