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DNA is double stranded containing the sugar Deoxyribose where RNA is single stranded containing the sugar Ribose.

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The two strands are connected completing an anti-parallel structure. 

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There are four Nitrogenous bases and one more that is used in solely RNA.  Adenine and Thymine pair together and Guanine and Cytosine pair together. Uracil is only used in RNA in replace of thymine to be paired with Adenine

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DNA is always synthesized in the 5'-to-3' direction. The 5'-phosphate group of the new nucleotide binds to the 3'-OH group of the last nucleotide of the growing

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The "five prime" and "three prime" indicate the carbon numbers in the DNA's sugar backbone. The 5 prime carbon has a phosphate group attached to it and the 3 prime carbon a hydroxyl group. This asymmetry gives a DNA strand a "direction

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Covalent bonds are made between the nucleotide connecting the triphosphate, the sugar, and the nitrogenous base.

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Hydrogen bonds are forms between the double helix to connect each strand

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mRNA (Messenger RNA) tRNA (Transfer RNA) rRNA (Ribosomal RNA)

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mRNA carries the protein blueprint from a cell's DNA to its ribosomes, which are the "machines" that drive protein synthesis. tRNA then carries the appropriate amino acids into the ribosome for inclusion in the new protein. rRNA are responsible for reading the order of amino acids and linking amino acids together.

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The positively charged amino acids on the histone proteins interact with the negative charge on the phosphate groups of DNA. As DNA is wrapped around the core, a single negative supercoil forms. H1 is used to hold the DNA on the core particle.

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Replication requires the enzymes: DNA Polymerase, DNA primase, DNA helicase, DNA ligase, and topoisomerase.

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The leading strand is the strand of nascent DNA which is synthesized in the same direction as the growing replication fork. The synthesis of leading strand is continuous. The lagging strand, on the other hand, is the strand of new DNA whose direction is opposite to the direction of the growing replication fork.

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A replication bubble is an unwound and open region of DNA where DNA replication occurs. Bubbles are created when the enzyme Helicase separates the two strands.

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The process happens in the nucleus in three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.

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In eukaryotes, pre-rRNAs are transcribed, processed, and assembled into ribosomes in the nucleolus, while pre-tRNAs are transcribed and processed in the nucleus and then released into the cytoplasm where they are linked to free amino acids for protein synthesis.

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In bacterial cells, the mRNA is translated directly as it comes off the DNA . In eukaryotic cells, RNA synthesis, which occurs in the nucleus, is separated from the protein synthesis machinery, which is in the cytoplasm.

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Translation is a process that happens in the ribosome. Protein synthesis only occurs on free floating ribosomes in the cytosol.

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Translation is the process by which the genetic code contained within a mRNA molecule is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. It occurs in the cytoplasm following DNA transcription and, like transcription, has three stages: initiation, elongation and termination.

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A Codon table is use to figure out the chemical inside the genetic code by cross referencing the corresponding code