# data[].attributes.headline
The origin and definition of Punk's artistic expression

# data[].attributes.subject
The origin and definition of Punk's artistic expression

# data[].attributes.headline
The manifestation and future trend of electronic era in 2020

# data[].attributes.subject
The manifestation and future trend of electronic era in 2020

# data[].attributes.body
performance/clothin application of punk / DIY / thick line / rough / tear / violence / high contrast

# data[].attributes.body
The wave of unemployment caused by the economic crisis broke out in the 1960s and 1970s. The social and political turbulence brewed the punk culture with rebellious spirit. Punk movement appeared almost at the same time in the United States and Britain. The origin of punk movement in the east coast of the United States paid more attention to music and opposed commercial rock, while the movement born in London had more political tendencies. These two forces make up punk culture. When we talk about friends, it's not just about music, but a subculture with ideology, artistic style and lifestyle. Punk attaches great importance to the establishment of self-identity, anarchism, anti traditionalism and anti mainstream are not only reflected in the behavior, but also reflected in the visual art. The use of innovative and radical visual style is a means to establish the authenticity of punk. In order to further study the spirit of punk, it is very important to discuss the application of color. This dissertation will discuss the historical background of punk movement, how punk culture maintains its identity through color, and the influence of punk spirit on art. I will mainly take the British band sex pistols, which leads the punk movement, as a case study to analyze the influence of the social class, political background and behavior of the band members, so as to define the punk spirit. It also analyzes how the aesthetics derived from their music works respond to punk spirit through posters, stage style and record covers.  I will focus on the work cases of fashion designer Vivienne Westwood and visual designer Jamie Reid. This essay will analyze the spirit of punk from the musical and political aspects, and at the end of the paper, summarize its connection with art.

# data[].attributes.body
The formation of punk is mainly influenced by two factors: situational thought and social anti-government sentiment.
From an economic point of view, the 1970s was a decade of unemployment. Social instability is reflected in the economy, employment and violence. The UK was in a time of open conflict and disaster. The national economy has been severely damaged, resulting in slow social development and many problems. Enterprises have to cut jobs to survive, and the unemployment rate is increasing. On the other hand, there were obvious regional differences and high inflation rates in house prices at that time. In 1973, inflation rose to more than 20% in Britain, and average house prices more than tripled. At the same time, the growth of bottom workers was limited to 5%. The wage dispute between the Labor Party and the trade union eventually led to a nationwide strike. Business strike entrepreneurs are sent to prison, street garbage is unmanaged, leading to stink, unemployed young people are immersed in pleasure and everywhere to vent their feelings. The strike led to social stagnation and contributed to the spread of pessimism about government inaction.
The recession was followed by a period of violence. The number of deaths in recorded cases of domestic violence is increasing, reaching 89599 in 1974 alone. Paul Rock, A History of British Criminology (Dartmouth Publishing, London, 1994)。 The overall trend can be seen from the icon of British Parliament statistics that the number of crimes from 1971 to 1991 has increased significantly compared with that before. When the social structure is in an unstable period of rapid changes, the crime rate will rise sharply. It is directly related to people's confusion. It is also closely related to people's happiness index. It not only proves and intensifies the dissatisfaction of the masses to the society, but also intensifies the gap between the masses and the government.
Generally speaking, this is a period of national pessimism. British disease plagues everyone. So there are all kinds of complaints about life. The young people in the 1970s, because of unemployment, have a lot of time to indulge in drugs, alcohol and art to vent their feelings. (conclusion) this social background has laid the foundation for the depression and anxiety of teenagers towards the ruling class, and also laid the foundation for the birth and popularity of punk.

# data[].attributes.body
Figure 1.The chart shows recorded offences per 100,000 people in England and Wales during the 20th century

(UK Parliament, 2012, p.159)

# data[].attributes.body
Under the background of depression, the arrival of Situationist International (1957-1972) accelerated the birth of punk movement. Malcom maclare plays a decisive role in promoting the punk movement. He brought punk music back to England from America. He is a publisher, record artist and fashion designer. He is a self styled cultural anarchist with a clear political orientation. When he was studying in art school, he was attracted by the international situational movement and its leader Guy Debord. This is an avant-garde social and cultural ideological group born in France, mainly composed of artists and writers. It is an anti consumption movement about politics and art. The ideological foundation of contextualism international follows the deep roots or traditions of literature and avant-garde art. These traditions can be traced back to European avant-garde art movements such as Dadaism, Futurism and surrealism. Its supporters believe that art must surpass the value of art as a part of the revolutionary movement. Debord arguments that "the prospect" has involved our everyday lives not just in the form of image-based advertising but also in the way that we interact with one another. Its political reflection and social criticism undoubtedly influenced Malcom Maclaren. This can be seen for the first time in his boutique, sex. In order to realize their political pursuit, under the management of Malcom Maclaren in 1975, a band symbolizing turbulence came into being, which is called sex pistols. In September 1976, sex pistols participated in the first punk music festival of 100club, also organized by Malcom Maclaren, in Oxford Street, London. At the festival, a girl was blinded by a broken glass screen smashed at a pillar by a bass player Sid vicious of sex pistols. The violence also brought punk into the public eye. They present an attitude suited to Britain's decline: nihilistic anger. Nihilism can be seen everywhere in the lyrics. For example, "no future, no future for you, no future for me" appeared in "God saves the Queen" and was regarded as a slogan by later punks. The song with the same name as the British national anthem was played by the band in 1977 at the 25th anniversary of Queen Elizabeth II's accession to the throne. All members and agents of the band were arrested and the song was banned from the public media. But that still doesn't stop it from winning the 1977 singles. Another classic image of punk is anarchism. In November 1976, sex pistols released its first single anarchy in the U.K., the lyrics of which are full of "I am an analyst". The band's only album, "never mind the bollocks": it's a sex pistol, "came first in 1977. The sales of the album and the attention of the band also prove the general mood of the public to suppress manic.

The movement, which was influenced by thought, background and musical form, ended with the legendary accident of sex pistol (1975-1978). On the whole, punk movement is influenced ideologically by sitcom. Although most of the voices of situational internationalism are negative and critical, they are in pursuit of their real wishes. The same is true of the punk culture affected by it, even though punk has always been radical, rude, weird and even self destructive in the eyes of the public. On the stage, they abuse the royal family, society, high taxes and abortion laws, and even directly abuse the audience, resulting in physical conflicts, but this still does not prevent the public from needing them. Because punk is basically a strong believer in freedom and authenticity. Unfortunately, although the essence of Sex Pistols is situational internationalism, it shows nihilism for the purpose of catharsis. The rapid dissolution is a devastating proof of this. Sex Pistols was dissolved in 1978, but the punk subculture did not stop developing. Its existence defines punk as an open and politicized youth culture. This is an ideology of pursuing truth, anti consumerism, anti-government, anti idealism and anti movement. Through the above discussion on the reasons for the formation of punk movement, we can better define punk culture and understand the formation of post punk design. Punk has a profound influence on the later fashion, visual art and performing art, and provides a choice of rebellious expression.

# data[].attributes.body
In this paragraph, I will define the visual symbols of punk culture from the perspective of artistic form by discussing the pre punk and post punk period. The art form includes clothing style, visual image and related art. Structurally, I will define how punk constructs its own cultural symbols from three dimensions: the initial stage, the peak stage and the post punk era.
I think it is necessary to analyze the works of art of situational internationalism before discussing the artistic forms of punk. Although they didn't produce many works of art, simply understanding the origin can effectively help us have a deeper understanding. The pictures behind are from Danish artist asger Jorn and Dutch painter constant nieuwenhuys
Critical thinking about what we need, and what is the false image touted by capitalism, the series of "amendment" is regarded as the quintessence of the international art practice of contextualism, because the repainting of ready-made paintings reflects the typical "abnormal" art strategy. In the text and Manifesto of contextualism international, this strategy is defined as "the construction of integrating the present or past art production into a superior environment". The specific method is to adopt the existing elements and recombine them. This part comes from the misappropriation technology of Dadaism collage, which puts the original elements in a new context, thus extending a new meaning, thus surpassing the pure negativity of Dadaism collage. At the same time, it is a way beyond the bourgeoisie's worship of originality and private possession of ideas.

# data[].attributes.body
punk movement comes from social and political problems, rebelling against the conventional way
Even though punk has never been a complete mainstream sport, we still remember it today.
Today's punk culture is still a universal force because the foundation of punk lies in doing different things. When people get out of the status quo, they stand out - it's hard to forget. Punk culture says "no" and goes in the opposite direction

# data[].attributes.body
They advocated the DIY form in all their ways of expression. Not only music, stage, visual elements, but also clothing.

# data[].attributes.body
"Fashion is about ever being taken" (Vivienne, the late late show, 1993). Punk triggered a fashion revolution. The sex store mentioned in the previous paragraph is owned by Malcom Maclaren and his girlfriend Vivienne Westwood. Malcom Maclaren was educated in art and knew how to express himself with visual symbols. So this shop from the decoration style down selling goods are with distinctive characteristics. Specifically, it revolves around bondage, exposure, vulgarity and destruction.
Objects that are deliberately offensive and are combined with violent and aggressive behavior. Inverted crucifixion and swastika, collar used by S&M, leather, Pins, holes and torn coats are also symbols of punk.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Design Trends 2019 - Chromatic Graphics - 15 Beautiful Examples

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Trends of 2019. As design becomes more and more digitized, designers and artists look back to the most simplest forms of colour, elements, materials to bring their art back to the real world. Something that links us to the ground beneath our feet.

# data[].attributes.body
Use Jamid's artwork as reference. Analyze color, material and production method

# data[].attributes.body
‘The art of the future will be the overthrow of situations or nothing’

Guy Debord, 1952

Hamnett, C. (1983). Regional Variations in House Prices and House Price Inflation 1969-81. Area, 15(2), 97-109. Retrieved January 6, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20001903

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Malcolm-McLaren

https://www.rte.ie/archives/2018/0426/957443-vivienne-westwood/

https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/p/photomontage

Debord, Guy (2004 [1967]) The Society of the Spectacle. Translated by Ken Knabb. London: Rebel Press. Available online: http://rebels-library.org/files/socie...

Debord, Guy (1988) Comments on the Society of the Spectacle. Translated by Malcom Imrie. [Online] https://libcom.org/files/Comments%20o... [5 February 2019].

Marx, Karl (1867) ‘Chapter One: Commodities’. in Capital: Volume One. [Online] https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx... [5 February 2019]

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britainnica (2019) ‘Situationist International’. Encyclopedia Britannica. [Online] https://www.britannica.com/topic/Situ... [2 February 2019].

Wark, McKenzie (2011) The Beach Beneath the Street: The Everyday Life and Glorious Times of the Situationist International. London: Verso.

http://www.furious.com/perfect/situationism.html