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This was created to  collect information on schools and teaching that would help the states establish effective school systems

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Second Morrill Act gave the then named Office of Education responsibility for administering support for the original system of land-grant colleges and universities

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Vocational education became the next major area of federal aid to schools with the 1917 Smith-Hughes Act and the 1946 George-Barden Act focusing on agricultural, industrial, and home economics training for high school students

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Expansion of federal support

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The Lanham Act in 1941 and the Impact Aid laws of 1950 eased the burden on communities affected by the presence of military and other federal installations by making payments to school districts

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Authorized postsecondary education assistance that would ultimately send nearly 8 million World War II veterans to college

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Continued for 45 years, ending in 1991

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Passed by congress to help ensure that highly trained individuals would be available to help America compete with the Soviet Union in scientific and technical fields, the NDEA included support for loans to college students; the improvement of science, mathematics, and foreign language instruction in elementary and secondary schools; graduate fellowships; foreign language studies; and vocational-technical training

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Brought about the dramatic emergence of the Department of Education’s equal-access mission.

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Prohibited discrimination based on race, sex, and disability, respectively, made civil rights enforcement a fundamental and long-lasting focus of the Department of Education

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Elementary and Secondary Education Act - 1965

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Elementary and Secondary Education Act - 1965

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Launched a comprehensive set of programs, including the Title I program of federal aid to disadvantaged children, to address the problems of poor urban and rural areas

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Authorized assistance for postsecondary education, including financial aid programs for needy college students

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Title IX of the Education Amendmentsof - 1972

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Title IX of the Education Amendmentsof - 1972

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Prohibited sex-based discrimination in any school or other education program that receives federal money.

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Section 504 of the Rehibilitation Act - 1973

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Section 504 of the Rehibilitation Act - 1973

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Prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability and applies to public elementary and secondary schools, among other entities

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Congress established it as a cabinet-level agency

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ESEA reauthorized with high stakes testing

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ESEA reauthorised to No Child Left Behind, administered by George W. Bush

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The economy took a plunge

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American Recovery and Reinvestment Act - 2009

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American Recovery and Reinvestment Act - 2009

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Provided approximately $100 billion to deliver emergency education funding to states and drive key school reforms

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Today, the Department of Education operates programs that touch on every area and level of education. The department’s elementary and secondary programs annually serve more than roughly 14,000 school districts and some 56 million students attending more than about 97,000 public schools and roughly 28,000 private schools. Department programs also provide grant, loan, and work-study assistance to nearly 11 million postsecondary students