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Was a law passed by the United State Congress and signed by President Thomas Jefferson on December 22, 1807. It prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports. In 1806, France passed a law that prohibited trade between neutral parties, like the U.S., and Britain.

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The leading southern politician of the early nineteenth century; he served as vice president under both John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson and then was elected senator from South Carolina. Calhoun championed slavery and states' rights.

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It was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and their respective allies.

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Were four bills passed by the Federalist-dominated 5th United States Congress and signed into law by President John Adams in 1798.

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Was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, early in the administration of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to an undeclared war called the Quasi-War.

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Relating to a major American political party of the early 19th century favoring a strict interpretation of the Constitution to restrict the powers of the federal government and emphasizing states' rights.

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A commercial bank that is chartered under the federal government and is a member of the Federal Reserve System.

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An American statesman and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.

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The supreme law of the United States. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government.

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A political leader of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries; one of the Founding Fathers; the leader of the Democratic-Republican party. Jefferson was principal author of the Declaration of Independence and served as president from 1801 to 1809.

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Capable of or intended to protect someone or something.

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The support for a republican system of government.

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Restricted with reference to governing powers by limitations prescribed in laws and in a constitution, as in limited monarchy.

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Counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups.

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An act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.

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The federal principle or system of government.

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Is part of the seven principle, that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives (Rule by the People), who are the source of all political power.

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The English constitutional settlement of 1689, confirming the deposition of James II and the accession of William and Mary, guaranteeing the Protestant succession, and laying down the principles of parliamentary supremacy.

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Refers to a movement that opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution.

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A person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority.

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The action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid.

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The issue over whether congress could regulate trade, Northern States said they could, The Southern States said they couldn't, The outcome was that Congress could regulate trade, No export tax, and No limit on slave trade for 20 years.

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As a compromise reached between delegates from southern states and those from northern states during the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention.

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Is the part of the U.S. government that interprets the law and administers justice. The judicial branch of the U.S. government makes decisions — interpretations — of laws.

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Is the part of the United States government that creates laws.

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The branch of federal and state government that is broadly responsible for implementing, supporting, and enforcing the laws made by the legislative branch and interpreted by the judicial branch.

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An agreement that both large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States.

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A proposal for the structure of the United States Government presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787.

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As a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch. The plan was drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Constitutional Convention of 1787.

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Machine for separating cotton from its seeds.

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Resolved the controversial issue of Commerce relating to the Slave Trade that emerged at the Constitutional Convention. A compromise was reached by stating that Congress could not prohibit the slave trade until 1808, but imported slaves could be taxed.

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The capital city of South Carolina.

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An uprising led by a former militia officer, Daniel Shays, which broke out in western Massachusetts in 1786. Shays's followers protested the foreclosures of farms for debt and briefly succeeded in shutting down the court system.

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A person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority.

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An American merchant, slave trader, and rice planter from South Carolina who became a political leader during the Revolutionary War. A delegate to the Second Continental Congress, Laurens succeeded John Hancock as President of the Congress.

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The first constitution of the United States, on November 15, 1777.

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The legal, legitimate government of a state and is so recognized by other states. In contrast, a de facto government is in actual possession of authority and control of the state.

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One of several extra-legal legislative bodies established in some of the Thirteen Colonies early in the American Revolution. These bodies were generally renamed or replaced with other bodies when the provinces declared themselves states.