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Collapse and Takeover of the Qin Dynasty

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Collapse and Takeover of the Qin Dynasty

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-warriors backed Qin Shi
- commoners refuted Qin Shi
-mass of population=commoners
-discontent grew
-206 BC = major revolt known as the yellow turban rebellion
-202 BC = Liu Bang, a commoner who rose to be a great general, overthrew Qin Shi
-Liu Bang founded the Han Dynasty

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Regression and Decline of the the Qin Dynasty

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Regression and Decline of the the Qin Dynasty

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-scholars would publicly criticize Qin Shi's regime in their literary works
-Qin Shi saw this as a threat
--he introduced censorship
--he also burned any books that were not about agriculture, medicine, or prophecy
--scholars who refused to turn them over were either burned alive or sent to work on the wall
-some were executed

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-First emperor of China
--also referred to as the Yellow Emperor
-united all of China
-conquered all of central China with impressive military force to become the largest dynasty yet
- was a legalist
--he belied that all people were inherently bad and that he should control their lives(see recession and decline)
-achieved an autocracy through a great legal system (v organized)
-ordered the building of many public works including the Great Wall
-unified China with a law code
-was buried with the clay terracotta army--countless lifelike warriors made of clay to protect him even in death

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-took 10 years
-thousands died of exposure or fatigue
-bodies were used as fill
-going to work on it was a punishment for many things

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Directed by 李诗芸 Li Shi Yun Student work from the Media Animation School at the China Academy of Art. "Weeping Over the Great Wall" has been selected for presentation at the Panam Anim Festival in Paris, France. SH PREMIUM is collaborating with the Panam Anim Animation Festival in Paris to bring students from the China Academy of Art's Animation Department to France.

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-systems of dams, canals, locks, and waterways=great agriculture/flood protection
-could support many many people
-nobles greatly weakened
-peasants given one of two jobs: grow food or harvest silk
-public works projects
-people either did word quickly/well or were killed or sent to work on the wall

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-2/3 of the enemy population of China was destroyed by the Qin
-commissioned Great Wall to be built around China
-all enemies were beheaded
-class determined by how many heads you could chop off

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-purged old system of nobility
-system of standardization:
-one system of weights+one language+one currency+same laws+same taxes
-divided into 36 provinces
-each lead by two gov officials (2, so they could keep an eye on each other)
-spy system
- emperor had total control bc of his system which allowed him to make big decisions
-issued passports to regulate travel in and out of China

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-Third Dynasty
-221 BC - 206 BC
-Shi Huangdi=founder
- largest dynasty so far
-gained mandate of heaven through military might at the end of the Warring States Period
-lasted only 15 yeats
-capital= Xi'an

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-with the invention of paper, western civilization was never the same in the way that they recorded events
-influenced China very much so, to the point that many Chinese people today, refer to themselves as Sons of Han
-civil service remained relevant to Chinese government up until the 1900s

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-after Wu Di  died, none of the leaders after him were able to live up to him, especially in leadership
-by 220 AD, the last emperor was deposed
-nomadic tribes swept across North China after the Han dynasty fell, terrorizing people and tearing apart countryside

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Other Accomplishments of the Han Dynasty 

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Other Accomplishments of the Han Dynasty 

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-population grew 60 million in the duration of their dynasty
-paper was created
-traded as far west as the Romans and Greeks using the Silk Road and gained western items in return like wool and gold
-Chang-An became a major city, with expensive western goods

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-Wu Di did his duty!!!
-ruled from 140 BC-87 BC
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
-established capital as Chang-an
-extended territory north into Manchuria and Korea, south into Southeast Asia, and west into Central Asia
-established imperial universities to train men for civil service that administers the government, but you had to be wealthy to be able to afford a university
-Wu Di  created a policy where the government could level out the effects of years of surplus and years of shortages in crops to spare peasants
-Wu Di fought invaders and created military colonies, after which a period of peace pursued and trade flourished along the Silk Road
-created Chinese peace throughout Asia

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The fourth dynasty of China
-Liu Bang founded the Han Dynasty after being unhappy along with others with the government of the Qin Dynasty
-lasted about 4 centuries
-the Han Dynasty was less oppressive

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Regression and Decline of the Shang Dynasty

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Regression and Decline of the Shang Dynasty

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-moved capital often bc it was either too hard to defend or the area flooded often

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1. Silk
-very important, leaves China and takes over world!
2. Ceramic art
-clay and used glaze to shine things
3. Written language
-caligraphy
-created symbols
-only small amount could read/write
-modern Chinese Lang. based on these!
4. Calendar
-moon and sun
-365 days - 12 months
5. Artisans crafted from jade, ivory ,and bone
WATCH SOME COOL CALLIGRAPHY

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Famous Chinese Calligrapher Wang Dongling "The Way of Calligraphy" promotional video

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Wang Dongling is a Chinese contemporary calligrapher. This short promotional video introduces his personal exhibition which will be held in Milan, in July 2015, during the World Expo. It is a part of "The Spirit of Chinese Brushwork" Art Exhibition. This video was produced by Ihavebao Culture Communication Co. Ltd.

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-animism=spirits inhabit everything
-ex: dragons, gods of wind, sun, clouds, etc.
-ancestor worship= god responsible for their destiny
-rulers appeal to ancestors to have a good destiny
-Daily sacrifices
-Oracle bones
-priests tell future by reading cattle shoulder bones of OR bottom of tortoise shells
-scratch Q, heat, and answer questions based on the patterns of cracks that appeared

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-based on agriculture
-main crops: barley, rice, millet (used to make alcohol)
-domesticated animals: pigs , horses, and chickens
FOR MORE INFO CHECK THIS OUT!!

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Although some people worked in specialized jobs, Shang society centered around agriculture, and most of the people were farmers. Farmers in the northern area of Shang territory, near the Yellow...

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-Hereditary king
-nobles related to king
-still has to pay for land or serve in military
-kept power by using chariots and bronze weapons
-policed borders
-strong military force

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-as seen in the painting from the Zhou Dynasty, agriculture was a big part of life
-iron tools are shown being used
-a waterway is shown, showing how waterways were a need for crop growing

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-800s BC internal fighting and non-Chinese raids
-771 BC the Zhou to move East to get away from invaders
-the Zhou lasted for 500 years more, but were weaker than before the raid
-new states emerged and all competed for power (Warring States) , and Zhou had no power outside their own state
-the Qin emerged victorious

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Collapse and Takeover of the Shang Dynasty

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Collapse and Takeover of the Shang Dynasty

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-last ruler ran out of people... too many wars
-OOPS, forgot to guard the northwest fronteir
-Zhou tribe won here
"Shang king lost the right to rule bc he was corrupt, cruel, and wicked!"

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Zhou Dynasty- Gov, Agriculture, and Achievements

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Zhou Dynasty- Gov, Agriculture, and Achievements

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-rulers were called Mandates of Heaven since they believed that the gods determined who ruled

-when rebels took over, they said that the old empire lost Mandate of Heaven
-internal trade florished and copper coins were used as currency
-iron is the greatest discovery of their time
-iron helped agriculture
-built dams and waterways
-no centralized government because hereditary lines ruled city states

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-First Dynasty
-1750 BC invaded Huang He valley
-tons of silt/fertile soil
-yellow River =loess (a type of clay)
-no wall yet to keep them out
-taught nomads in the area about irrigation

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The second dynasty
-invaded the Shang in 1122BC, but kept aspects of the Shang in their culture
-longest empire, lasting over 900 years