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Compare internal migration patterns to another country (India)

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Compare internal migration patterns to another country (India)

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Traditionally, inter-state migrants have been only a small percentage of the total migrants in India. Importantly, any acceleration in recent internal migration is to be reflected in the number of migrants reporting less than 10 years of stay. The 2011 Census data show that the migrants reporting over 10 years of stay have increased faster than those of all duration, the two figures being 71% and 44% respectively. Also, the increase in the number of net rural to urban migrants, reporting a duration of stay more than 10 years, is 70%, much higher than 45% reported for less than 10 years’ duration. Correspondingly, the figures for net rural and urban migration for employment reasons are 56% and 31% respectively.

Internal Migration within Australia

Sydney had a net migration loss of nearly 15,000 people. This is more than offset by the large amount of overseas migration the city receives, but it was by far the largest loss to internal migration, and you can see a lot of it is into regional NSW. In contrast, Melbourne is growing but Regional Victoria added more people through internal migration. Again, Melbourne gains a lot of overseas migrants to make up for it. Elsewhere in the country, Adelaide also lost people, as did Tasmania outside Hobart, while both Darwin and the rest of NT lose people interstate. Both Brisbane and the rest of Queensland had gains.

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Effects of Internal migration within Australia

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Effects of Internal migration within Australia

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economic:Global forces may impact on internal migration in other ways. As manufacturing in many industrial economies becomes more labour-efficient or less competitive compared with emerging economies, then smaller or more peripheral cities may undergo population decline.
social: new and complex patterns and processes of internal migration and urbanization in developing countries, remain insufficient.
environmental: pollution, less jobs for aussie workers

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Strategies being used to create economically, socially and environmentally sustainable

Economically:
1. Sustained policy commitment
2. Acknowledge developing country constraints
3. Imagining and building the future economy

Socially:

1. Reduce benefits

2. Raise the retirement age

3. Increase worker and employer contributions

4. Boost future contributions

5. Tax as needed

6. Modify the Social Security tax cap

7. Average in more working years

8. Decrease the cost-of-living adjustment

Environmentally:

1. Turn off the water when your brushing saves 10 quarts of water a time 500,000 quarts in a lifetime
2. Install low flow water faucets saves up to 50 percent water usage
3. Take the bus, ride your bike or carpool at least once a week
4. Cut out or reduce your meat consumption. It takes several times the land and water to produce meat as opposed to vegetables and wheat.
5. Plant a tree or join an organization that plants live trees
6. Plant flowers for the bees
7. Plant your own herbs and vegetables

8. Plant your own herbs fresh chemical free and right outside your door
9. Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle
10. Don’t use plastic grocery store bags, bring your own

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Where and why international migrants settle in Australia

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Where and why international migrants settle in Australia

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Migration is an important contributor to Australia’s growing population. Since 2006, net overseas migration to Australia has contributed more to Australian population growth each year than growth through natural increase  The majority of migrants coming to Australia can choose to live anywhere, from the bustling city of Sydney to the remote mining towns of Western Australia, although government policies and programs may influence their destination. With the push factors causing problems such as increase in money and properties which with a little amount of jobs from being over populated puts humans in a place where world class problems are involving.

PUSH FACTORS
- climate
- polution and envirnment
- bad health care
- Over population - crowded cities
- disease and sickness
- Government
- war
- high cost of living
- lack of access to goods and needs
- difficult to access high paying jobs

PULL FACOTRS
- a better change in environment and climate
- More jobs
- better money and more Opportunities
-  world class education
- higher wages
- the promise of a better life

CHARACTERISTICS  AND SPATIAL PATTERNS OF AUSTRALIA'S CULTURAL DIVERSITY.
less attention has been provided to the cultural and social differences between these groups. The discrepancies between migrant communities and Australia’s general population have particular relevance in regard to several areas within the interest of Australia’s political policy. These areas include the ageing trend of migrant groups, their settlement within Australian society, and their religious identification.

Australia’s general population is currently experiencing an ageing trend. The current median age is 37.3 years. 55% of Australia’s entire population are between the ages of 20-59 years old. Further, 25% of Australians are between the ages of 0-19. Australia’s ageing population is the result of ‘sustained low fertility and increasing life expectancy' which has resulted in proportionally fewer children and a proportionally larger population of citizens aged above 65 years old. Therefore, over the next few decades, the projection of Australia’s ageing population is anticipated to have extreme implications on the country’s heath and workforce industries. While discretionary migration policy can have a reversal effect on an ageing population, it is clear that early waves of migration are now contributing to the growth of Australia’s older population. Currently, Australia’s foreign-born citizens are older than their Australian-born counterparts with 19% of migrant citizens aged 65 or over in 2011, compared to 12% of those born within Australia. There are significant projected implications as a result of Australia’s current ageing diaspora communities. Specifically, there is expected to be substantially higher social costs for non- Australian born migrants, particularly those originating from non-English speaking countries.

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Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. Internal migration is when people migrate within the same country or region - for example, moving from London to Plymouth. International migration is when people migrate from one country to another - for example, moving from Mexico to the USA.
People migrate internationally because of economic related, socially related, political or environmentally related: economic migration - moving to find work or follow a particular career path. ... political migration - moving to escape political persecution or war. environmental causes of migration include natural disasters such as flooding.

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Internal migration is the movement of people inside a country.People within Australia tend to migrate from rural to coastal and more populated areas due to higher population and more access to resources, jobs and education. Internal migration in Australia most commonly results in the increase of population in urban areas such as Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne, the is permanent pattern. Some temporary patterns include the movement between smaller towns such as scone, singleton and muswellbrook.

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Population growth and problems in Australia
Australia has a high population growth rate compared with other high-income nations, mainly because of its high level of immigration. Although birth rates are below replacement level, there is also a natural increase in population levels. This is due to the lag effect of increases in population a generation ago, which resulted in increased numbers of women of child-bearing age. There is very little agreement among scientists as to how many people Australia can support, and even less about what environmental impact high levels of population would have. Some biologists, geographers and environmentalists argue that Australia already has more people that the environment can cope with, and that a sustainable population level would be more like ten million people.

Implications of population forecast for growth and sustainability of urban places
Projected population growth and change will heighten the challenges of maintaining urban economic productivity; enhancing accessibility across cities’ increasingly spatially-complex labor markets; and securing equitable access to housing, social infrastructure and services. Apart from being the major population absorbs the major cities, specifically the capitals and their surrounding urban regions, are undeniably the drivers of the national economy and productivity. They currently generate 80 per cent of GDP, employ 75 per cent of the workforce and contributed 81 per cent of national net job creation. As the populations increases energy required to power houses and buildings also increases, one way to produce more energy for the city is with solar road ways. the increase of energy consumption also leads to the increase in energy resources.