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The Negev takes up the bottom half of Israel. It is filled with mountains and flatlands. It is one big desert that is too dry to grow crops, however Israelis are starting to cultivate the land by pumping water from Galilee lake in northern Israel with pipes, canals, and tunnels. This system to move water southward. This is called the National Water Carrier.

http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar282960&st=israel#tab=homepage

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Israel is small country, but it still has four main parts to it. Those parts are the Negev, the Coastal Plains, The Judeo-Galilean highlands, and the Rift .  The Coastal plains lays along near the middle of Israel. Most of Israel's industry and agriculture happened in the Coastal Plains. The Judeo-Galilean is only good grazing agriculture and has the largest arab population. The Rift makes up part of the Great Rift Valleys that extends to Seria. It is also mostly underground. The Negev makes up the bottom part of Israel. It is a desert making it unusable for agriculture and hard for settlements.

http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar282960&st=israel#tab=homepage

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For the many holidays in Israeli culture there are many foods for each one. For instance every shabbat they eat challah and drink wine, for Rosh Hashanah (which is the Jewish new year) they eat apples and honey for a sweet new year. For the holiday passover they are not allowed to eat leavened bread and can only eat Matzah because that is what the Jews had when they were leaving Egypt in the Torah. Most of the holidays all incorporate some type of bread is it is challah or matzah and wine.

http://www.everyculture.com/Ge-It/Israel.html

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Israeli food would typically be considered mediterranean food or traditional Jewish food. That means being kosher, which means that they can’t have dairy and meat together also animals with split hooves and other things like chews its cud. For mediterranean food it is typical to see foods like Falafel, pita, hummus, tabbouleh, grilled meat, and eggplant. Most foods that use spices would use cumin, mint, garlic, onion, and black pepper are used for flavoring. Another popular food would be shakshuka which is a tomato base spiced with hot peppers, onions, and garnished with a egg on top. Baklava is a popular dessert of Arabic origin and is layers of flakey dough with honey and nuts mixed into it.

http://www.everyculture.com/Ge-It/Israel.html

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The number of books published per person is very high and among the highest. Most books are in hebrew and some author are famous internationally. Shmuel Yosef Agnon is one of the most famous Israeli writers. He is a novelist and a short-story writer. He became so famous he shared the 1966 Nobel Prize for Literature.

http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar282960&st=israel#tab=homepage

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Israel has different types of theatre, from regular theatre to orchestra to ballet. There is a national theatre called Habima, and symphonic orchestra in Jerusalem. The Habima started in Moscow in 1917 then moved 15 years later to Tel Aviv permanently.  They also have a Philharmonic Orchestra. The Orchestra performs nationwide around Israel and also does some tours abroad. Some of the best and most outstanding museums are found in Haifa and Tel Aviv.

http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar282960&st=israel#tab=homepage

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Israel has been awarded eighth overall in longest life expectancy, men have an expectancy of 80.6 and women 84.3. This is partially because that so many diseases have vaccinations and can be stopped with medication if someone does get it it just goes down to what they eat and natural life decay.

https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-life-expectancy-ranks-among-worlds-highest/

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Many Israelis wear more western styles, but it is generally more informal. Some Israelis still do dress in traditional clothing from their group or ethnic. A western style could be considered pants or jeans with a long or short sleeve shirt. Traditional Jewish cloths are called black hats because they typically wear a black hat. They would also wear a black suits.

http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar282960&st=israel#tab=homepage

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Shabbat is a holiday that happens every friday night until saturday night, you can’t work, drive,  or cook. Shabbat was the first holiday in the torah so it might be the most important holiday at all. Shabbat is the day of rest, it says in the torah that on the seventh day of creation of the earth G-d Rested. Judaism interpreted that on the seventh day of the week that you should rest and shouldn’t work. And that means you shouldn’t work, drive, or do anything that like that.

http://www.israelinsideout.com/Touring/a-tourists-guide-to-shabbat-the-sabbath.html

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The majority religion in Israel is Judaism at around 75% of the population. The other 25% are Arabs. The reason that it is mainly Judaism is because Canaan which was Israel before it was Israel was a place for Jews and after the holocaust, Israel was formed to be a safe haven for all Jews throughout the world.

http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar282960&st=israel#tab=homepage

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On may 14’th 1948, Israel was officially a country and put David Ben-Gurion as Prime minister, however the very next day 5 Arab countries attacked Israel. Arabs were never friends with the Jews, so when there was a place for them they rejected it. There was a civil war throughout Israel, it all ended in a cease-fire agreement in 1949. As a result Israel gave the West Bank to Jordan, and the Gaza Strip to Egypt. Israel celebrates may 14’th every year with Israeli Independence Day. They have parades with soldiers all around Israel. In some places in Israel there are also some big festivals.

http://www.history.com/topics/history-of-israel

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In Israel there are many important figures in history, most being figures from Judaism.  The first main figure in Israel is Abraham, he is also considered the father of Judaism because of his son Isaac and the father of Islam because of his son Ishmael. Abraham was known as being a very kind and wise man. He would follow anything that G-d did even sacrifice his own son but he was stopped by G-d before he dealt the killing blow. Most people in Israel look up to him and want to be like him.

http://www.history.com/topics/history-of-israel

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The currency of Israel is the Shekel and it equals $0.28 USD or about 4 Shekels equal a dollar. The current Shekel is the New Shekel. It looks like a regular coin but on side it has a palm tree with seven leaves symbolizing the seven fathers of judaism.The original is firsted is over 5000 years old and was first mentioned it the first book of the torah. That makes the shekel one of the oldest currency on the planet. One of its first forms was in a silver coin during 2400 B.C. Up until 56 A.D it stayed the same but then the Jewish Revolt happened and it transformed the shekel into a symbol of political defiance. It then stopped production and usage in 70 A.D, but in 1980 started use again in Israel.

https://goo.gl/gyWcxQ
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https://goo.gl/okwkcL

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Israel being such a small country and being in lots of wars makes it scarce for natural resources for exports so most of their exports are non-natural. Some of their biggest exports are chemicals, polished diamonds, electronic equipment, and citrus fruits. It is easier for Israel to produce and polish imports. The place that gets the most amount of their exports would be Europe and that is around 50%. The next place would be Asai. It makes sense because those are some of the closest places to Israel that doesn’t hate them. It then goes Latin America, United States, then Africa which makes up about the last 16%.

http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar282960&st=israel#tab=homepage

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The current prime minister of Israel is Benjamin Netanyahu. (The picture below) This is his second time serving as prime minister, his first sentence was from 1996-1999. He Is the leader of the government like our president, also like our president he has cabinet that works for him. The Knesset has to approve of his cabinet and he is the leader of the majority party. He is the twelfth prime minister of Israel, the first prime minister was David Ben-Gurion. David Ben-Gurion served from 1948-1953 and 1955-1963.

http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar282960&st=israel#tab=homepage

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The Knesset is law making part of the Israeli government. The Knesset is made up of 120 members, also the way they vote is using a party list. Instead of voting for each candidate they vote for the party. There are many more parties in Israel then there on in America. For instance if a party gets 25% of the vote they would get 30 seat in Knesset. They do a new vote for seats every 4 years. Some of the many the many powers of the knesset is that they makes all laws, approves taxes and budgets and participates in the formation of national policy. They are basically the powerhouse of the Israeli government.

http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar282960&st=israel#tab=homepage