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What it was, about when it started, how it spread, how it showed the failures of the CCP and mass line, how the CCP changed because of it, GIVE ME GRAPHICS

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How they came under Chinese control, who lives there, how they are oppressed by the CCP, GIVE ME GRAPHICS

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About when it started and why, who it applied to, when it changed and why, GIVE ME GRAPHICS

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What it is, why it was created, who it applies to, how has it changed since its creation

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Alexis Monteleone
SARS is a contagious and sometimes fatal respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a total of 8,098 people worldwide became sick with SARS during the 2003 outbreak. Of these, 774 died. 9.6% fatality’s rate in China.
The virus that causes SARS is thought to be transmitted most readily by respiratory droplets (droplet spread) produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Droplet spread can happen when droplets from the cough or sneeze of an infected person are propelled a short distance (generally up to 3 feet) through the air and deposited on the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, or eyes of persons who are nearby. The virus also can spread when a person touches a surface or object contaminated with infectious droplets and then touches his or her mouth, nose, or eye(s). In addition, it is possible that the SARS virus might spread more broadly through the air (airborne spread) or by other ways that are not now known.
While clearly a test for the public health infrastructure of China, the course of the epidemic also raised crucial questions about the capacity and dynamics of the Chinese political structure and its ability to address future outbreaks. As the virus continued to spread, China’s political leadership came under growing domestic and international pressures.
The ccp managed to calm the epidemic and get control because of the severity of the fatalities. They were still slow to get a hold of the situation, but they handled it before the economy could take a major plunge. The communication network failed. Before the epidemic the government didn’t take things as seriously and this situation has made the government run more efficiently and smoothly when it comes to the public safety of the Chinese people.

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Definition: a government household registration system that is used as a census, classifying the residents as demographically urban or rural.

Why: this system was created in order to decide the basis of receiving social services and puts value on urbanization as those under this status receive greater benefits.

This system most often applies to the rural families trying to get an urban status; it forms a near impossible situation as thousands of them are vying for a few available slots to change status.

Originally this system was very restrictive and formed a distinct inequality between urban and rural, now it is becoming less unified as a whole country, but more localized and singled by different areas.

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• official program initiated in the late 1970s and early ’80s
• the purpose of which was to limit the great majority of family units in the country to one child each
• the rationale for implementing the policy was to reduce the growth rate
• making the limit one child per family
• an exception: parents within some ethnic minority groups or those whose firstborn was handicapped were allowed to have more than one child
• in late 2015 Chinese officials announced that the program was ending. Beginning in early 2016, all families would be allowed to have two children
• problems: consequence was instances in which the births of subsequent children after the first went unreported or were hidden from authorities, and increases in the number of female children who were placed in orphanages or were abandoned, and even infanticide of baby girls

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Tibet declared independence from China in 1913.
In 1951 Tubet signed an agreement with China reestablishing control over them.
The dalai lama escaped to northern Indiana in 1959 after armed soldiers invaded.
China treats Tibet harshly according to Tibetans and disagrees with many of the Dalai Lama's principals.

In Xianjiang, there is an uprising.
People there believe that Xianjiang was added unrightly to China.

Both Xianjiang and Tibet are autonomous regions which means the Chinese gov. allows them to be somewhat self governed.

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Hukou: an identification system that categorizes citizens by place of residence and socioeconomic status, either agricultural or non-agricultural.
- it is inheritable, parents passs their status onto their children
- identification as one of the two agricultural groups determines certain benefits you will receive from the government.
- PURPOSE: originally resource distribution, migration control, and monitoring targeted groups of people
- Promotes urbanization by providing greater benefits to non-agricultural (urban) categorized people. (Greater employment opportunities, subsidized housing, free education, medical care and old age pensions)
- makes moving houses difficult, restricts some people from receiving public services, imposes strict control on internal migration
- is being REFORMED to limit discrimination and provide services to migrants, and rid the system of constitution/law-conflicting aspects.

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Tibet-
The People's Republic of China claims that Tibet is an integral part of China. The Tibetan Government-in-Exile maintains that Tibet is an independent state under unlawful occupation. Mainly Tibetans, and Han Chinese. They have been treated as second class citizens, they are kicked out of their homes and sent to townships so the government can ‘develop’ occupied spaces. Over 6,000 monasteries have been destroyed, they do not have freedom of speech religion or movement. The Chinese government fears that if they don’t completely crush any form of protest they will lose complete control of the Tibetans.

Xinjaing:
Xinjaing is an important trade and pipeline route into Central Asia. Xinjaing economy was largely based on agriculture and trade. Families were forced to sunderend,restrictions on the movement of laborers. Tough security measures are on full view for travelers.

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Xinjaing is home to the Muslim minority of the Uighur. Who have been oppressed by the government in ways such as banning Muslim names as well as a banning of Ramadan
In July 2009 many protested the oppressive treatment from the government, in these protest over 1,000 were injured and nearly 200 were killed showing the mistreatment. Since then there have been numerous terrorist attacks by a few Uighur, including brutal coordinated killings at train stations and government offices. This has led to an increase in police presence in Xijaing making the security industry the largest industry in Xijaing.

Picture of protest from 2009

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The one child policy was created
to reduce the growth rate. This made the limit one child per family but parents whose firstborn was handicapped were allowed to have more than one child. This started around the 1980s.

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~SARS Virus is a viral respiratory disease.
~There were an outbreak in China around 2002-2003 with a 9.6% fatality rate. There have not been any cases of SARS worldwide since 2004.
~SARS primarily spreads via person to person contact, or by respiratory droplets when a person coughs or sneezes.
~The CCP was criticized for a slow response to the outbreak not doing anything until April 2003. Because of the slow response CCP has now changed to have faster a emergency response system. In 2006 the Ministry of Health announced that a system had been formed for future disease prevention. They were also criticized to handling these types of crisis where they affect people of all classes unlike other crisis's like famines where lower classes are the main victim.
~They were also thought to have altered the info they gave to the World Health Organization to play down the severity.

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This policy limited one child per family, but an exception was whose firstborn was handicapped were allowed to have more than one child. The reason for creating the policy was to reduce the growth rate. It started in the 80s.

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*severe acute respiratory syndrome
*an atypical form of pneumonia that is extremely contagious and sometimes fatal respiratory illness
*first started in Asia in February 2003-dude with doctor out of town
*spread by close person-to-person contact. respiratory droplets formed when a person coughs or sneezes inhaled by someone else. also through touching a contaminated surface
*China’s failure to report SARS in a timely and accurate fashion was due to the desire to maintain “stability” during a period of leadership transition as well as a deeply ingrained bureaucratic impulse to maintain secrecy
*most severe socio-political crisis for the Chinese leadership since the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown
*course of the epidemic also raised crucial questions about the capacity and dynamics of the Chinese political structure and its ability to address future outbreaks
*failure of mass line because it is supposed to cover all of china, but when one link was missing and the hospital released the patient, it spread all throughout chin. as a result almost 800 people died

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In February 2003, Guangdong for the first time announced the deaths of five people and 305 cases of the flu-like disease. At the end of March, Beijing was listed as an "affected area" by WHO.

Hu and his team at Tsinghua University wrote a report in early April to the State Council describing the crisis as benign, arguing that it would not rock the political foundations of the county or stop the momentum of economic growth.

The State Council did not set up a national-level contingency task force to deal with Sars until late April.

Hu and other academics were critical of the fact that there were no government agencies to deal specifically with health contingencies and no law to provide a legal basis for handling emergencies.

In July 2003 the State Council's general office put together a task force to start drafting the government's overall contingency plans for public crises. The first state-level plan was published in January 2006 and covered general principles for handling natural disasters, industrial and traffic accidents, public health problems and terrorist attacks. By the following year, tens of thousands of contingency plans had been issued by government departments at all levels.

The State Council also established a permanent emergency response office reporting directly to the cabinet in 2006, and the Emergency Response Law was passed the following year.

"One major impact of Sars is that responding to emergencies has become a regular function of government, which is now much better at dealing with crises," Hu said.

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What is it?
Launched in the early 1980s, the household responsibility system was an agriculture production systems, which allowed households to contract land, machinery and other facilities from collective organizations. It suited the nature of agriculture and the stage of development of the productive forces in rural areas
Why it happened?
The modern Hukou system was formalized as a permanent program in 1958. The system was created to ensure social, political, and economic stability. China's economy was largely agrarian during the early days of the People's Republic of China