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"Then the memory of her face came back, and with it a raging, intolerable desire to be alone […]. At the sight of the words I love you the desire to stay alive had welled up in him, and the taking of minor risks suddenly seemed stupid. It was not till twenty-three hours, when he was home and in bed – in the darkness, where you were safe even from the telescreen so long as you kept silent – that he was able to think continuously." (2.1.20)

Winston seeing the words “I love you” made him not want to risk losing his life. He could think about her when he was at work, only at home when he was away from the Party’s control. He did not want to partake in the Center’s “discussion group” or listen to their  lecture; he only wanted to think about her and how he was going to meet her.
A totalitarian state cannot accommodate private loyalties, since they often are chosen over loyalty to the Party. Because sex and family create these private loyalties, the Party must control the population's impulses. The Party brainwashes children to make them believe that sex is a means to create new Party members. Chastity is encouraged, sex is seen as a "duty to the Party," and all potential private loyalties are diminished.

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"Listen. The more men you’ve had, the more I love you. Do you understand that?’
‘Yes, perfectly.’
‘I hate purity, I hate goodness! I don’t want any virtue to exist anywhere. I want everyone to be corrupt to the bones.’
‘Well then, I ought to suit you, dear. I’m corrupt to the bones.’
‘You like doing this? I don’t mean simply me: I mean the thing in itself?"
‘I adore it.(WInston and Julia 2.2.137)

What Winston is saying in the text is that the more men Julia has been intimate with makes him more attracted to her. Julias responses both tease Winston but also show that she shares the same thought as Winston does. Winston is not only in love with Julia, but also with the act of defiance. Julia says she adores defiance. The reason this is important is because it shows how much the party has had their god given rights stripped away from them. Winston yearns for any defiance of the party because it gives him a semblance of control over his own life. Julia shows a strong attraction back because she has finally found someone to share her secret freedoms with. Just being free to express their thoughts, emotions, and bodies makes the main character blood rush and their hearts turn. This really outlines the novels core concepts of the effects of a government that has too much control over their individual citizens, and how much can be stipped away from human beings just to produce a strong and aligned workforce. This scene also makes the reader sympathise with the characters due to how much they express their inner humanity. Being able to find happiness with each person due to their likemindeness is enough to five Julia and Winston hope.

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"I've been at school too, dear. Sex talks once a month for the over-sixteens. And in the Youth Movement. They rub it into you for years. I dare say it works in a lot of cases. But of course you can never tell; people are such hypocrites." (2.3.24, Julia)

Female Party members have been brainwashed since childhood about the importance of chastity as manifestation of one’s loyalty to the Party.

This matters because it shows the theme of repression.  A successful totalitarian state cannot accommodate private loyalties, since private loyalties will often trump loyalty to the Party. Because sex and family create private loyalties, the Party must somehow control these social acts and constructs. Thus, the Party brainwashes children to believe that sex is despicable, unpleasurable, and merely a means to create new Party members. Chastity is encouraged, sexual drives become repressed, sex is seen as a "duty to the Party," and all potential private loyalties are thus eliminated.

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"I don’t mean confessing. Confession is not betrayal. What you say or do doesn’t matter: only feelings matter. If they could make me stop loving you—that would be the real betrayal.’
She thought it over. ‘They can’t do that,’ she said finally. ‘It’s the one thing they can’t do. They can make you say anything—ANYTHING—but they can’t make you believe it. They can’t get inside you.’
‘No,’ he said a little more hopefully, ‘no; that’s quite true. They can’t get inside you. If you can FEEL that staying human is worthwhile, even when it can’t have any result whatever, you’ve beaten them."(WInston and Julia 2.7.182-183)

This passage takes place when Winston and Julia are talking about what will happen if they are caught together. Winston expresses that he is not afraid of death, but instead of being unable to love Julia anymore. Julia says that there is no way they would ever be able to make him not love her without killing him first. Winston is still feeling the regret of not loving his mother and sister more before they were taken away, and believes that the party was able to make him not leave his mother due to their laws and limitations. Even though he is nervous he still agrees with Julia because only he can make the ultimate decision to no longer love her. This passage is important because it shows how much these people have been deprived of love. In also asserts that living in a world where you are unable to hold people you care about emotionally close to you is worse than death. This scene relates to the readers humanity by talking about WInston’s love for Julia, and his regret for not loving his family that he will never see again. This shows the novels themes by showing how the party has restricted their citizens right to love each other. Winston has also now made the decision that he would rather endure the fate of someone who has committed thought crime rather than give up the freedom he has found with Julia. This truly shows how even the slightest bit of hope through love can be enough to create bravery.

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“‘You are prepared to give your lives?’  ‘Yes.’  ‘You are prepared to commit murder?’  ‘Yes.’  ‘To commit acts of sabotage which may cause the death of hundreds of innocent people?’  ‘Yes.’  ‘To betray your country to foreign powers?’  ‘Yes.’  ‘You are prepared to cheat, to forge, to blackmail, to corrupt the minds of children, to distribute habit-forming drugs, to encourage prostitution, to disseminate venereal diseases – to do anything which is likely to cause demoralization and weaken the power of the Party?’  ‘Yes.’  ‘If, for example, it would somehow serve our interests to throw sulphuric acid in a child's face – are you prepared to do that?’ ‘Yes.’ ‘You are prepared to lose your identity and live out the rest of your life as a waiter or a dock-worker?’ ‘Yes.’  ‘You are prepared to commit suicide, if and when we order you to do so?’  ‘Yes.’  ’You are prepared, the two of you, to separate and never see one another again?’  ‘No!’ broke in Julia.“ (2.8.28-45, O’Brien, Winston, and Julia)

O’brien is having Winston and Julia pledge selfless loyalty to the Brotherhood. While Winston seems completely prepared to give everything up for the Brotherhood, including his love for Julia, Julia expresses her clear reluctance for this pledge.  She was ready for everything, just not ready to give up on her and Winston’s relationship.
This quote matters because it shows the theme of loyalty.  A successful totalitarian state cannot accommodate private loyalties, since private loyalties will often trump loyalty to the Party. Therefore, the Party in 1984 seeks to ensure that the only and ultimate loyalty its members have will be loyalty for the Party. They eliminate all potential private loyalties, such as the familial or the sexual.

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The primary aim of modern warfare (in accordance with the principles of doublethink, this aim is simultaneously recognized and not recognized by the directing brains of the Inner Party) is to use up the products of the machine without raising the general standard of living. (2.9.25, Goldstein’s Manifesto)

Modern warfare in Goldstein’s Manifesto is to deplete the resources of the society and not increase the living standard. Ancestors of those who live there have looked past what the Party is doing because they have waited for when poverty and hunger will no longer be an issue, but this never happens in the book.
1984 makes us live through totalitarianism.
The Party wants power for itself and does it by policing and controlling the people that live in it. The Party controls the past, the present, and the future by controlling historical records, language, and thought. The Party tortures and "vaporizes" those with “rebellious” thoughts. The state suffers through constant warfare and is in decay, but the citizens do not know better. Classism exists everywhere and different classes generally do not socialize with each other.