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Congressional reapportionment is when the number of representatives in Congress’s House of Representatives per state is changed based on the population of the state. This is important to states as it gets them, and the political party their state supports, better representation in one of the two houses

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Limits of Redistricting by Supreme Court

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Limits of Redistricting by Supreme Court

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One man, one vote - population as close to equal as possible
Contiguity - connected
Compact - not too spread out
Cannot dilute minorities - Shaw v Reno

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Goals of Politicians When Gerrymandering

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Goals of Politicians When Gerrymandering

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To win the majority
Remain in Power/protect incumbents
Retain power
Create situation where the gain of power can be sustained
Crack or Pack districts to influence minority or partisan representations

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Once reapportionment is determined, new lines must be drawn to accommodate for any changes in population and/or representation

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changes in population result in an increase or decrease of representation
such changes can result in an increase or decrease in influence both in congress in and in the electoral college

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Every ten years a census leads to changes in population distribution which means we have to redistribute representative so that the distribution results in approximately equal districts - or proportional districts

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-make it so the candidate they want wins
-all incumbents stay in control of their districts

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-banned gerrymandering based on race
-reapportionment provides for a roadblock for gerrymanderers

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Congress reapportionment is done to maintain fairness because district populations are always changing

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1.) packing- fill all Party into one district to minimize votes
2.) cracking- dilute all votes into different districts

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Cracking: splitting up diatricts to disperse voter density, to dilute their power.
Packing: packing all the voters of a specific party into one area to contain that power into one district

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Congressional redistricting is the redrawing of the district lines in each state.

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redrawing district boundaries when a state has more representatives than districts

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picking who gets the congressional chairs for each states, depending on which party gets the chair decides how the will be districted. the party in chair will most likely use gerrymandering to give them the majority.