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Going to the Source: the Bedford Reader in American History – chapter 9. Victoria Bissell Brown, Bedford/St. Martin’s. Boston.

Table 9
In 1850, the total differences of value of annual products, capital invented, and hands employed for the two regions were extremely big numbers. The free states' total value of annual products was $842,586058 which is bigger than the South's $165,413,027 by $677,173,031. The free states' total capital invested was $430, 240,051 which is bigger than the South's $95,029,879 by $335,210,172. The North's amount of hands employed was 780,576 which is bigger than the South's amount of 161,738 by 618,838.

Table 4
The total patents that were issued on new inventions in the free states was 1,929 while the slave states seemed measly with their 268.

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Going to the Source: the Bedford Reader in American History – chapter 9. Victoria Bissell Brown, Bedford/St. Martin’s. Boston.

Table 6
Free cities still succeed slave cities in wealth, population, and wealth per capita. A comparison can be done between the two most populous cities of the states. New York is the most populous free city in the provided table with a population of 700,000. The city's wealth is $511,740,492 and the wealth per capita is $731. Baltimore, the most populous slave city has a population of 250,000. The city wealth is a number of $102,053,839 while the wealth per capita is $408. New York's population is bigger than Baltimore's by 450,000. New York is wealthier than Baltimore by $409,686,653. The New Yorker's wealth is bigger than a resident of Baltimore by $323.

Table 7
The North has a higher per person income by region in 1840 and 1860 than the South. However, the North has a lower average annual rate of change. The total per capita income of the North in 1840 was 109 while the South was 74. In 1960, north region increased but the North still outdid the South with 141 opposed to 103. The South's average annual rat of change was 1.7 which is .4 bigger than the North's 1.3

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The North's focus on industrialization and a more factory based economy only benefited the region (Brown 9). The South was not as focused on innovating technology (Brown 4), therefore, there are drastic differences when comparing the regions in terms of urbanization and manufacturing.
The South was not as industrious as the North, thus meaning that if they lost their slaves which are essential to the plantation economy, there would be nowhere left to turn, which ultimately becomes a conflict for the South as they cannot transition as the prosperous North

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The more populous North outdid the South in population, wealth, wealth per capita(Brown 6) and income per person (Brown 7), thus showing how prosperous their economy is compared to the plantation economy of the South.

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In terms of agriculture, the Northern Free states would outdo the slave states in the total amount of bushels and their value (Brown 1), and the amount of most  crops per acre on the average in 1850 (Brown 3).

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The agrarian economy of the south does not prosper as much as the north does, thus weakening the South as it heavily relies on the agriculture. The economy's threat will prove to be a future conflict between the two regions.

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A Map of American Slavery

Compare Two Worlds: North vs South 1861

The Spread of US Slavery, 1790 - 1860

Map
The free state, Rhode Island, is smaller than the slave state, Delaware. Rhode Island has smaller values than Delaware, thus allowing some competition between the slave and free states.

Going to the Source: the Bedford Reader in American History – chapter 9. Victoria Bissell Brown, Bedford/St. Martin’s. Boston.

Table 2
While the difference between the two regions' value of livestock and the value of animals slaughtered is minimal, the difference between the cash value of farms, farm implements, and machines has a drastic and obvious difference with the North being the bigger quantity. The Northern value of livestock total  is $286,376,541 which is bigger than the Southern value of $$253,723,687 by $32,652,854. The Northern value of animals slaughtered total is $56,990,237 which is bigger than the Southern value of $ 54, 388,377 by $2,601,860. The Northern cash value of farms, farm implements, and machines total is $2,233,058,619 which is bigger than the southern value of $1, 183, 995, 274 by $1,049,063,345.

More specific evidence would be found in the comparison of the two most profitable states from each category. The free states of New York outdoes the slave states of Virginia in every value. The New York value of livestock is $73,570,499 which is bigger than Virginia's $33,656,659 by $39,913,840. The New York value of animals slaughtered is $13,573,883 which is still bigger than Virginia's $7,502,986 by $6,070,897. New York succeeds Virginia in their values of farms, farm implements, and machines by $353,208,253. Out of the two states which are the most profitable to its region, the North still outdoes the South

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The South heavily relied on their agrarian economy which required slavery as they thought. The North was more focused on manufacturing in factories with its industrial economy. The North unlike the South was benefiting by both its industrial and agricultural parts of its whole economy. Without slaves doing the work for the South, there would be a shift from an agrarian economy to an economy similar to the North which ensured conflict for the Souths's economy.

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Going to the Source: the Bedford Reader in American History – chapter 9. Victoria Bissell Brown, Bedford/St. Martin’s. Boston.

Table 1
The total amount of bushels for the North in 1850 was 499,190,041, while the South was close with 481,766,889. Although the numbers a re close, the South is behind the North by 16,423,152.  In terms of value, the free states outdo the slave states with their total of $351,709,703 opposed to the slaves states' total of $306,927,067 with a difference between the two numbers of $44,782,636. The free states succeeds the slave states in most crops such as wheat but the slave states outdo the free when it comes to Indian Corn with a whopping number of 348,992,282 bushels and the value being $209,395,369 while the free states's bushel amount is 242, 618, 650 with the value being $145,571,190. Indian Corn is a profitable/beneficial crop to both regions.

Table 3
In the agricultural competition, the free states win every crop except for Irish potatoes, however it is important to note that the free state with the highest amount of Irish Potatoes for crops per acre on the average was New Hampshire with a decent amount of 220. This small state is being compared to Texas with the amount of 250. The difference is not too big as it is only 30. Rye which was not a very important crop as evident in the many zeroes displayed on table emphasizes the fact the free states succeed the slave states. This is proven by the free state, Ohio, having 25 compared to the slave state, Maryland with 18.

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Please look at conclusion again, as it is fairly obvious.

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America: A Narrative       History. George Brown Tindall, David Emory Shi. W. W. Norton and Company. New York. 2010

'' Reformers sought to promote public-supported schools, abolish slavery, reduce the consumption of alcoholic beverages, and improve the lot of the disabled, the insane, and the imprisoned''  (368).
'' A flood of petitions for Congress to abolish slavery and the slave trade in the District of Columbia '' (471).

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The North did not require slaves as they emphasized manufacturing since it was beneficial for the industrial economy. No need for slaves meant that the North could point out its flaws since the practice was not being used as in the South. In the South, slavers were being used on the fields thus becoming factors of the agrarian economy that relied more on hard labor than technology. The North's lack of slaves in the economy and the South's need for their economy ensured future conflicts between the two regions.

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The North's attempts to abolish (Tindall 471) slavery would mean to destabilize the South's economic system which was one of the reasons the North enraged the South, leading to the Civil War.

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A Map of American Slavery

Compare Two Worlds: North vs South 1861

The Spread of US Slavery, 1790 - 1860

map shows that the south stuck with slavery throughout the time period.

Going to the Source: the Bedford Reader in American History – chapter 9. Victoria Bissell Brown, Bedford/St. Martin’s. Boston.

Table 3
In the agricultural competition, the free states win every crop except for Irish potatoes, however it is important to note that the free state with the highest amount of Irish Potatoes for crops per acre on the average was New Hampshire with a decent amount of 220. This small state is being compared to Texas with the amount of 250. The difference is not too big as it is only 30. Rye which was not a very important crop as evident in the many zeroes displayed on table emphasizes the fact the free states succeed the slave states. This is proven by the free state, Ohio, having 25 compared to the slave state, Maryland with 18.

Table 4
The total patents that were issued on new inventions in the free states was 1,929 while the slave states seemed measly with their 268.

Table 5
From 1914-1837, the Cotton South increased the amount of patents granted fir agricultural use by small numbers. Corn patents from the time period of 1837-1849, had only 3.5 patents granted. Later the number increased to 69.1 thus making the difference of the two amounts comparatively, 65.6. Granted, the South did increase the amounts of patents granted, but they had to, in order to maintain their agrarian economy. Grain increased from 6.5 to 52.2, with a difference of 45.7. King Cotton patents increased from the small number of 0.2 to 53.6, with a significant difference of 53.4. It should also be noted, that the crops listed in the table are only three staple crops. This table lacks the data for the South's first staple crop, tobacco.

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America: A Narrative       History. George Brown Tindall, David Emory Shi. W. W. Norton and Company. New York. 2010

''But the framers of the issue of slavery so as to cement the Union...tensions over the “peculiar institution”...reach[ed] the point where there would be no political solution—only civil war'' (281).
'' the “peculiar institution” was enforced by a system rooted in brutal force that defined people primarily as property'' (496).

Going to the Source: the Bedford Reader in American History – chapter 9. Victoria Bissell Brown, Bedford/St. Martin’s. Boston.

Table 4
The total patents that were issued on new inventions in the free states was 1,929 while the slave states seemed measly with their 268.

Table 5
From 1914-1837, the Cotton South increased the amount of patents granted fir agricultural use by small numbers. Corn patents from the time period of 1837-1849, had only 3.5 patents granted. Later the number increased to 69.1 thus making the difference of the two amounts comparatively, 65.6. Granted, the South did increase the amounts of patents granted, but they had to, in order to maintain their agrarian economy. Grain increased from 6.5 to 52.2, with a difference of 45.7. King Cotton patents increased from the small number of 0.2 to 53.6, with a significant difference of 53.4. It should also be noted, that the crops listed in the table are only three staple crops. This table lacks the data for the South's first staple crop, tobacco.

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The South's stubbornness to remain with the idea of slavery and the past prevented the technology production which thus affects the production of the crops( Brown 3).  Although slavery was thought to be beneficial, it was harmful to the Southern society as shown through the number of patents (Brown 4). The South's minimal production and use of technology affected the production of crop as new technology could be utilized to improve and quicken the agricultural production rate. The South did make some differences, however, not enough to cope with the industrial Northern economy (Brown 5). However, the south depended on their slaves thus meaning that they valued hard labor more than manufactured.

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Despite the size of the states (A Map of American Slavery

Compare Two Worlds: North vs South 1861

The Spread of US Slavery, 1790 - 1860), the free states value livestock more than the slave states. The North also emphasizes on the cash value of farms, farm implements, and machines more than the South does (Brown 2), which clearly shows their focus when it comes to their economy. This focus thus becomes a factor in their prosperous economy. Prosperous compared to the south.

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South was an agrarian economy that heavily relied on "peculiar institution" (Tindall, Shi 496), thus preventing them from advancing in the development and innovation of technology (Brown 4,5).