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Math-Gender Stereotypes in Elementary School Children

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Math-Gender Stereotypes in Elementary School Children

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Authors: Dario Cvencek, Andrew N. Meltzoff, and Anthony G. Greenwald

It is a widespread cultural stereotype that math is "not for girls"; This may lead to girls saying and believing that math is not for them or that they are not good at math

The stronger the link between someone's gender identity being identified as female, the weaker the association they will have with math

Math-gender stereotypes develop early and influence boys' versus girls' self-identification with math prior to an age in which difference in math achievement actually emerge

Gender differences in math self-concept from an early age may result from cultural stereotypes about gender roles

Early instruction about challenging gender norms and roles in society could help remove some barriers that those who identify as girls face when trying to perform in mathematics and other subjects

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#HatchKids Discuss Male Gender Stereotypes

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Gender Identity and Expression in the Early Childhood Classroom: Influences on Development Within Sociocultural Contexts

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Gender Identity and Expression in the Early Childhood Classroom: Influences on Development Within Sociocultural Contexts

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Author: Jamie Solomon

Influences early on in a child's life aid in the reinforcement of existing stereotypes, and without intervention children develop ideas that confirm to these stereotypes

Educators of young children should offer different perspectives that counter stereotypes and societal constructs, and provide opportunities for students to challenge the status quo

Open ended play materials and manipulatives are less gender-conforming for young children than ones that have strong associations with one gender

Educators should aim to foster flexible thinking, have students step outside their comfort zones, and nurture advocacy skills for oneself and others among students

A more inclusive view of the gender spectrum can enhance and inform teaching practice

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Cvencek, D., Meltzoff, A. N., & Greenwald, A. G. (2011). Math–Gender stereotypes in elementary school children. Child Development, 82(3), 766-779.

Ontario Ministry of Education. (2015). The Ontario curriculum, Grades 1-8. Toronto, ON: Queen’s Printer for Ontario.

Solomon, Jamie. (2016). Gender identity and expression in the early childhood classroom. Voices of Practitioners Young Children, July 2016, 61-72.

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A set of rules or ideas about how each gender should behave.
Gender norms are determined by a culture or society.
Through gender norms children learn from a young age what it means to be a "girl" or "boy" and are often restricted by these norms and subsequent stereotypes

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A person's sense of self, with respect to being male or female

(Ontario Curriculum, Health and Physical Education pg. 231)

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Limitations to Teaching About Gender Norms and Identity

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Limitations to Teaching About Gender Norms and Identity

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Some parents are uncomfortable with the topic of their children learning about different gender identities due to personal beliefs

If teachers are not educated themselves about gender, it is hard for them to adequately teach the topic

Students may be unwilling to learn about the topic and may be hesitant at first to share their own feelings about the topic

Educators may feel as though they do not have enough time in the day to teach about gender norms

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Ontario Ministry of Education - The Ontario Curriculum Grade 1-8
Health and Physical Education
Living Skills

"Students learn a sense of 'being' and an understanding of their own identity" (pg. 24)

"Help students develop a sense of belonging and respect for others as they learn to find their own place in the world" (pg. 25)

Equity and Inclusive Education in Health and Physical Education

Focus on "respecting diversity, promoting inclusive education, and identifying and eliminating discriminatory biases, systemic barriers, and power dynamics that limit the ability of students to learn, grow, and contribute to society" (pg. 67)

"Activities and materials used to support the curriculum reflect the diversity of Ontario society"

Strand C - Healthy Living

C1. Understanding Health Concepts

C2. Making Healthy Choices

C3. Making Connections for Healthy Living

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Ontario Ministry of Education - The Ontario Curriculum Grade 1-8
Health and Physical Education

Grade 3 (C3.3) Describe how visible difference and invisible differences (e.g. learning abilities, skills and talents, personal or cultural values and beliefs, gender identity, sexual orientation, family background) make each person unique, and identify ways of showing respect for differences in others.

Grade 6 (C3.3) Assess the effects of stereotypes, including homophobia and assumptions regarding gender roles and expectations, sexual orientation, gender expression, race, ethnicity or culture, mental health, and abilities, on an individual's self-concept, social inclusion, and relationships with others, and propose appropriate ways of responding to and changing assumptions and stereotypes.

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Welcoming Schools http://www.welcomingschools.org/

Includes lots of resources and lesson plans to help educators create an inclusive and welcoming environment for all students

Scholastic http://choices.scholastic.com/blog/teaching-kids-break-down-gender-stereotypes

Ideas to help teachers remove gender stereotyping in the classroom

Trans Student Educational Resources http://www.transstudent.org/graphics

Infographics and other resources for teachers about inclusivity for all students, and definitions regarding gender and the transgender student community

Teaching Tolerance http://www.tolerance.org/classroom-resources

Lots of lesson plans and resources for teaching students about social justice and anti-bias topics

The Grove Community School http://thegrovecommunityschool.ca/gender-splendour/

Lesson ideas and school community building exercises compiled by an alternative TDSB school with a Social Justice focus

Institute for Humane Education https://humaneeducation.org/

A great resource including lesson plans for teachers in several areas of social justice, including breaking down gender norms and exploring gender identity

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A sample lesson outlining ways to use books to teach about gender

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A sample lesson for grades K-3 examining self identity

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Lesson Plans and Ideas for Implementation in the Classroom

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Lesson Plans and Ideas for Implementation in the Classroom

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Recommended for K-6

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Recommended for K-3

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Recommended for K-6

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Recommended for K-3

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Books Examining Gender Roles and Gender Identity

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Books Examining Gender Roles and Gender Identity

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An interesting way to start an open discussion about gender norms and stereotypes

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A sample lesson examining gender roles in relation to toy advertisements

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A sample lesson for students in grades K-2 examining gender norms

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Page not found - Institute for Humane Education

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Learning, living, and teaching for a better world

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A graphic used to show gender as a continuum