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Sodium can lead to high salt levels in roadside soils which can cause many plants to die or fail to germinate. Elevated chloride levels can threaten the health of food sources which pose a risk to species survival, growth, and or reproduction. Damage to vegetation can have significant impact on wildlife habitat by destroying food resources, shelter, breeding and nesting sites. Furthermore, this can also affect the health of wildlife through leading to dehydration, confusion and weakness. Salt primarily causes dehydration which leads to foliage damage but also causes osmotic stress that harms root growth in plants. Sodium's powdered form is highly explosive in water.

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Element Name: Sodium
Symbol: Sodium's chemical symbol (Na) comes from the Latin word for sodium carbonate, natrium and from the English word soda.
Atomic Number: 11
Atomic Mass: 22.99
Number of Protons: 11
Number of Neutrons: 12
Number of Electrons: 11

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My Science Book (accessed 26 February 2017)

TSI, 2017, Sodium. http://www.ducksters.com/science/chemistry/sodium.php (accessed 2 March 2017)

Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016, Sodium. http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/11/sodium
(accessed 6 March 2017)

Glencoe Science, 2005, Soduim. https://www.hobart.k12.in.us/ksms/PeriodicTable/sodium.htm (accessed 8 March 2017)

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AREAS OF EARTH WERE SODIUM IS PRODUCED/FOUND

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AREAS OF EARTH WERE SODIUM IS PRODUCED/FOUND

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Sodium is regularly found in light granites that make up the continental crusts and in the heavier basalt's of the oceanic crusts. It is never found in it's pure form as sodium metal, this is because of its extreme reactivity when exposed to air, water and many other substances causing very energetic reactions. It is found naturally only in compounds with other elements, such as sodium chloride (table salt), sodium borate (borax) and sodium carbonate (soda). Sodium chloride is found in ocean water, salt lakes, salt beds and many minerals like cryolite, zeolite and sodalite. Some common uses for sodium are in glass, soap and paper.

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Sir Humphry Davy discovered sodium in 1807 in England through the electrolysis of very dry molten sodium hydroxide, NaOH. Electrolysis is chemical decomposition made by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution which containing ions. Ions are either an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

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Sodium is highly reactive as it has two electrons on the inner shell, eight electrons on the next shell and one electron on the outer shell therefore when combined with another substance such as Chlorine which has two electrons in the first shell, eight electrons in the next shell and seven electrons on the outer shell it will react.

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State: A solid at standard temperature and pressure. It comprises about 2.6% and is the sixth most common element and of the earth's crust.
Colour: Silvery white soft metal which tarnishes within seconds of being exposed to the air and reacts strongly with water.
Density: 0.968 kg/m³
Melting Point: 97.72°C
Boiling Point: 883°C