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The unique hairstyle is called a 'chonmage'.

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Photo of people wearing a range of armour including an example of chainmail (far right). The spear is called Ashigaru (also the name of that sort of foot soldier)

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Photo of people wearing a range of armour including an example of chainmail (far right). The spear is called Ashigaru (also the name of that sort of foot soldier)

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Kendo is the art of sword fighting (like fencing) in the Japanese style. Many samurai started kendo schools during the many years of peace during the Edo Period

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A man whose family bought the right to be called 'goshi' (the lowest rank of samurai as opposed to 'kashi' the high rank) by working as sake brewers. He is a famous samurai for carrying both a sword and a pistol during the end of the Edo period

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Late Edo period photo of warrior wearing O-yoroi style armour with bow and arrows

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Late Edo period photo of warrior wearing O-yoroi style armour with bow and arrows

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Late Edo period photo of Samurai in armour

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Late Edo period photo of Samurai in armour

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Notice the unique maedate (the helmet crest) made of eagle feathers.
For sale at 100 000 yen (about $1145 Australian)

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The armour box of General Li Naomasa, Sengoku period

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The armour box of General Li Naomasa, Sengoku period

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This would be carried by retainers (non-soldiers who worked for their superiors)

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Li Naomasa's armour from the Sengoku Period

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Li Naomasa's armour from the Sengoku Period

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This is a particularly well preserved example of a general's armour from the Sengoku period. The box below is where a general would have kept his armour when he was not wearing it.

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Edo period armour with plate Do and elaborate horned Maedate

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Edo period armour with plate Do and elaborate horned Maedate

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Edo period armour made from European breastplate and helmet.  

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Edo period armour made from European breastplate and helmet.  

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The ridgeline down the breastplate was thought to prevent bullets by deflecting them. The helmet is worn backwards and has the nape guard and mask added to give it a distinctive Japanese look.

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Notice the now cracked lacquer.

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Gusoku style of armour from the Sengoku (Warring states period)

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Gusoku style of armour from the Sengoku (Warring states period)

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Less complex than the o-yoroi and with one large solid 'dou' or breastplate. Note the moustache attached to the facemask.

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A reproduction of the simple breastplate worn by ashigaru (common soldiers), note the lightweight hat and shin protection.

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O-yoroi of the Late Heian and Kamakura periods c. 900 - 1100

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O-yoroi of the Late Heian and Kamakura periods c. 900 - 1100

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This is a reproduction made c. 1880s
This style of armour is particularly good for archery and horseback riding.

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Made to look very elaborate for both rider and horse

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Toxicodendron vernicifluum AKA Japanese Sumac

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Toxicodendron vernicifluum AKA Japanese Sumac

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For centuries Japanese people have used the sap of this tree to paint many different objects, including armour

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Toxicodendron vernicifluum Japanese Sumac Tree

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Kozane (metal scales that were laced together to make 'keiko armour) c. Heian/Kamakura period

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Kozane (metal scales that were laced together to make 'keiko armour) c. Heian/Kamakura period

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note the different sizes, shapes and number of lacing holes. Sometimes the kozane were made of metal, sometimes hardened leather. They were typically painted with lacquer.

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Mōko Shūrai Ekotoba (蒙古襲来絵詞 Illustrated Account of the Mongol Invasion) 1275 - 1293 CE by unknown artist.

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Mōko Shūrai Ekotoba (蒙古襲来絵詞 Illustrated Account of the Mongol Invasion) 1275 - 1293 CE by unknown artist.

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set of two Japanese illustrated handscrolls (emakimono) composed between 1275 and 1293. They were commissioned by the samurai Takezaki Suenaga in order to record his battlefield valor and deeds during the Mongol invasions of Japan.

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The Mongol fleet destroyed in a typhoon, ink and water on paper, by Kikuchi Yōsai, 1847 (Note - this is 600 years after the event)

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Haniwa of a warrior in Keiko armour - Kofun period

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Haniwa of a warrior in Keiko armour - Kofun period

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Similar to Chinese custom of burying clay models of warriors. This warrior is clearly wearing plated armor.

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Various Tanko armour from the Kofun period C.400CE

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Various Tanko armour from the Kofun period C.400CE

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The difference between keiko and tanko armour is that tanko is large plates stitched together while keiko is many smaller scales stitched together. The rest of the armour was likely cotton, sometimes padded with rolls of cotton tied with cotton drawstrings.

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Well preserved armor from Kofun tomb site

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Keiko armour - Kofun period C.200CE - 700CE

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Keiko armour - Kofun period C.200CE - 700CE

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Recreated armour display in a museum