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Present your solutions from this section onward.

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From the above research findings, identify and explain the impact of overworking and falling labour productivity on the economy

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Provide Links to your VoiceThread to show evidence of the problem of "overworking"

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You are strongly encouraged to find other resources on the problems associated with overworking here.

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Download this word document for the task

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From the above research findings, identify and explain the private cost of overworking here

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From the above research findings, identify and explain the external cost of overworking here

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With Singaporeans clocking in the second longest working hours worldwide, it had to be a matter of time before such lack of a work-life balance hit their happiness levels.

A recent poll conducted by Families for Life Council (FFL) revealed that long working hours was the top reason preventing locals from spending time with their families.

Out of the 1,252 respondents polled, 55% stated they are not satisfied with the amount of quality family time spent because of the hours they and their spouses spend at work.

The figure was a 12% increase from last year.

The survey found time spent on household chores and errands was the second top reason (54%) why locals were dissatisfied with the number of hours spent with their families.

Overall, 55% of respondents stated they were not content with the amount of quality family time spent, a marginal increase from 54% last year.
READ MORE: Singaporeans feel "obliged" to work long, hard hours
This was despite the fact that more Singaporeans were, in fact, spending time at home with their loved ones.

The report highlighted a majority were spending six to 12 hours on average per week with their families, a rise from only two to six hours last year.

The finding wasn't surprising, considering 71% of the 1,252 respondents felt spending time with their family gave them most happiness. The percentage was 4% higher than in 2014.

"I am heartened by the poll results as they affirm that families recognise the importance of family time and want more time with their families, although sometimes it requires us to re-prioritise our to-do lists," Ching Wei Hong, FFL Council Chairman said.
ALSO READ: Are staff faking their working hours?
He added that the Council is very supportive of the recently enhanced proximity housing grant precisely because it aids in enabling families to spend more time together.

"It will encourage inter-generational families to stay closer, spend more time together and tap on each other's support to care for the young and old," he said.

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Long working hours are preventing Singaporeans from spending time with families

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With Singaporeans clocking in the second longest working hours worldwide, it had to be a matter of time before such lack of a work-life balance hit their happiness levels. A recent poll conducted by Families for Life Council (FFL) revealed that long working hours was the top reason preventing locals from spending time with their families.

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For the past three years, investment banker Andy was plagued by nightmares because of stress from his 14-hour work days. He was moody all the time. Food became a source of comfort, and his weight went from 70kg to 80kg.

Three weeks ago, Andy, 29, who declined to give his full name, decided to quit.

His case is not uncommon, say doctors and human resource experts. More young professionals are ending up with medical problems, including insomnia, depression and hypertension, because of extra-long work hours.

After seeing more of his patients between their 20s and 30s suffering from depression, GP Quek Koh Choon highlighted the issue in a letter in The Straits Times Forum Page last month.

He said many of them work as teachers, bankers or engineers.

A decade ago, most of his patients with depression were the elderly who felt lost and lonely after retiring.

A check with three psychiatrists revealed that up to 90 per cent of their patients are grappling with mental health issues caused by stress from work.

Dr Lim Boon Leng, a psychiatrist at Gleneagles Medical Centre, said such burn-out should not be taken lightly.

"It can deteriorate to full-blown depressive or anxiety disorders, with severe symptoms such as feelings of hopelessness and suicidal thoughts," he said.

Human resource experts say some of the stress comes from the strong desire of young professionals to prove themselves. But the problem has been exacerbated in recent years because of the manpower crunch in many industries.

Fewer employees mean workers end up with more responsibilities, said Mr David Leong, managing director of recruitment firm PeopleWorldwide.

In recent years, the number of people asking him for help to look for less stressful jobs has grown by about 10 per cent year on year.

Many of them had been working 14 hours a day, and as often as seven days a week. Even at home, they continued to work as their colleagues were doing the same.

Benjamin, an auditor at one of the larger accounting firms here, works at least 12 hours a day, six days a week. A lack of rest causes him to fall ill every month.

He said his firm has a "work around the clock" culture and this is justified by labour laws which do not protect managers and executives from putting in excessive hours. The Employment Act states that blue-collar workers cannot work more than 12 hours a day, but managers and executives are not covered.

"Everyone is putting in long hours... It looks bad if you leave early," said Benjamin, 28, who declined to give his full name.

But that does not mean he is more productive. He said he and his colleagues take longer to finish tasks because of poor planning and lack of clear instructions.

Singapore Human Resources Institute president Erman Tan said bosses can help their employees work smarter with better delegation of tasks, clearer instructions and by focusing on results instead of "face time".

The answer, for some, may be to switch jobs. But it is not an easy decision. Investment banker Andy said he struggled with the decision to quit his job for a year and is now thinking of working as a property agent or teacher.

"It was difficult because I will have to give up a $10,000 monthly salary. But for now, I think having more time for myself and my family is more important."
ameltan@sph.com.sg

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More young professionals suffering from burn-out

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For the past three years, investment banker Andy was plagued by nightmares because of stress from his 14-hour work days. He was moody all the time. Food became a source of comfort, and his weight went from 70kg to 80kg. Three weeks ago, Andy, 29, who declined to give his full name, decided to quit.

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International Comparisons of GDP per Capita and per Hour, 1960-2011 : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

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International Comparisons of GDP per Capita,GDP per Hour, and Related Measures, 1960-2009